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Online since: December 2018
Authors: Claudia Kawalla, Michael Höck, Mariusz Ligarski
A summarizing overview of data which need to be captured in the development phase of the technology during and after the individual process stages of the magnesium strip production is illustrated in Table 1.
Table 1: Data grouping of twin-roll casting process Pilot plant unit Process step Manipulated variables Process parameters Product parameters Twin-roll casting Air circulated furnace Preheating period ingots - Temperature - Preheating time Ingots temperature - Melting furnace Charging Charging rate § Feed material § Mass ingots § Mass of scrap Protective gas § Type § Volume § Concentration § Pressure § Additions Casting power Casting temperature - Melting process - Furnace temperature - Number of revolutions of electro stirrer - Temperature (melt) - Die fill - Chemical composition (melt) Twin-roll caster Casting channel - Temperature (heating elements) - Filters - Temperature (melt) - Level (melt) - Casting nozzle - Type - Setting in vertical direction - Width - Preheating time - Temperature (heating elements) - Setback - Number of uses -Temperature (casting nozzle; melt) - Thickness (TRC-strip) - Width (TRC-strip) Work rolls Work rolls
gap - Rolls position - Roll gap geometry - Thickness - Thickness profile Brushing system - Type - Number of uses - Number of revolutions - Contact pressure - Surface of rolls - Roughness (TRC-strip) Pinch-roll unit Driving - Glide factor - Strip tension Trimming shear Trimming - Trimming width - Gap settings (shears) - Number of uses - Trimmed width - Width (TRC strip) - Quality cut edges Thickness gauge Measurement Nominal values - - Thickness - Thickness profile Coiler Coiling - Coiling speed - Driving torque - Strip edge detection - Coiling temperature - Strip tension - Inner diameter - Outside diameter Heat treatment Air circulated furnace Start-up phase - Furnace temperature - Time - Temperature-time-cycle - Mechanical properties - Microstructure - Surface Holding phase - Furnace temperature - Time - Temperature-time-cycle Cooling phase - Cooling rate - Temperature-time-cycle Hot strip rolling Four-high reversing mill Hot strip rolling Rolling schedule: - Reduction
Using the twin-roll casting process it was illustrated, which data is necessary to develop regulation and control units.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Jun Wei Shi
Leading to the data measured in the lab did not fit in the field , and cannot reflect the practical deformation properties of paste filling body.
The outcome of experimental research on properties of gangue-paste filling material After standard preparation on samples, uniaxial ten-sile test, uniaxial compression test and triaxial com-pression test are done conforming to MTS815.03 elec-tro-hydraulic servo rock test system of Shandong University of Science and Technology. 216 groups of data come out.
Mechanical Parameters of paste-filling in Daizhuang coal mine are showed in Table 1 after data reduction.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Zuhair M. Gasem, M.J. Adinoyi, Necar Merah, Zafarullah Khan
The data show systematic weight gains for the neat epoxy as well as the 2 and 4 wt.% nanocomposites with essentially no effect of sonication time and negligible variation in the measured maximum water uptake.
The Tg data for all examined nanocompsoites decreased due to exposure with no direct correlation with loading or sonication time.
Conclusions The effects of clay loading and sonication time on nanocomposites barrier performance have been investigated using water uptake, examination of fracture surfaces, and DSC data.
No significant water uptake reduction was observed in the nanocomposites examined as compared to the neat epoxy. 4.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Ni Li, Jun Qi Wang
OWA operator Definition 1: let OWA: Rn → R, if OWAW(α1,α2,…, αn)= In which w=(w1,w2,…,wn) is weighted vector associated with the OWA function, ,wj ,jN, , and bj is the j largest elements of a set of data(α1,α2,…,αn), R is set of real numbers ,then OWA function is the ordered weighted averaging operator, also known as the OWA operator[5].
The operator is characterized by: carry out sorting to data(α1,α2,…,αn)anew from big to small and carry on weighted assembly, and elements αi has no connection with wi , wi is only associated with the ith position of the assembly process (therefore, the weighted vector w is also known as position vector).
With the increase of rock permeability, decreased of the propped fractures height decreases gradually.with the reduction of reservoir thickness.
In addition, analysis production data of the two wells, it is clear that Well No. 2 has a larger addition of oil production than well No. 1, water content is stable.
Online since: August 2009
Authors: Yong Feng Guo, Ze Sheng Lu, Ji Cheng Bai, He Huang
Experimental results A normal power supply with current limiting resistances and novel one were used in experiment to get comparative data of relative tool wear and machining speed data.
Both of them were characterized based on Relative Tool Wear (RTW) and EW data using three electrical parameters: gap peak current, pulse width and duty cycle.
Duty Cycle 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Duty Cycle (Ton/Toff) Machining Speed (mm/min) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Pulse width 40 μs Duty cycle 5/2 Pulse width 40 μs Duty cycle 5/2 Peak Current 20 A Pulse Width 40 μs Peak Current 20 A Duty cycle 5/2 Peak Current 20 A Duty cycle 5/2 Peak Current 20 A Pulse Width 40 μs Normal Power Supply Half-Bridge Network 0 1/2 1/1 3/2 2/1 5/2 3/1 Fig. 6 Relative tool wear and machining speed respond to 3 electrical parameters Conclusion A power supply for HSDEDM based on a half-bridge network without bulky current-limiting resistances in the discharge circuit was developed resulting in a great reduction in weight and size.
Online since: August 2004
Authors: Sang Uk Son, Seung Seok Lee, Yo Han Choi
Introduction A cell counter is an essential apparatus providing quantitative data in cell culture and biological analysis [1,2].
The former detection method is based on the resistivity reduction occurred when the cells pass through small aperture (order of micrometer size) and the latter is based on the fluorescent markers, attached on the cells, emitting fluorescent light when they are stimulated by laser [3-5].
Spin-On-Glass (SOG) was coated on top side of glass substrate and cured following temperature profiles in data sheet with thickness of 0.8 µm.
Melamed, Flow Cytometry: Instrumentation and Data Analysis, Academic Press, London, 1985, pp. 1-19
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Peng Zi Sun, Ye Ping Zhao, Ji Peng Cao, Xian Guo Han
The literature [8] introduced the theoretical analysis of the effect of installation of web cleaner on the airflow movement, and thought the web cleaner is conducive to the reduction of the pressure on back casing and improvement of card sliver quality.
The static pressure data on the casing, licker-in grid, back plate and cylinder screen at positions of inlets and outlets are used from Ref. [8], which are to be the initial boundary conditions for the numerical calculation.
Distribution of static pressure on the surface of taker-in and its casing Two experimental studies were also performed under steady state conditions and the tested data of each case were given.
Using the gauge pressure data of the forenamed tests in the FLUENT software computes distributions of static pressure on the casing denoted in the solid line and dashed line, respectively, in Figure 3.
Online since: November 2011
Authors: Andrey Belyakov, Rustam Kaibyshev, Irina Fedorova, Zhanna Yanushkevich
The reduction of carbon content leads to decrease in the fraction of relatively large M23C6-type carbides, while a number of finely dispersed MX-type precipitates increases [7-9].
The quantitative data of structural investigation for tempered sample are collected in Table 1.
The data for standard P92-type steel [15] is also shown in this figure for reference.
[15] NIMS Creep Data Sheet, No. 48, National Institute for Materials Science, Japan, 2002.
Online since: June 2010
Authors: K. Kawahara, T. Moronaga, Yasuyuki Kaneno, A. Kakitsuji, Takayuki Takasugi
Vickers hardness data obtained at room temperature were plotted in Fig. 5as a function of the volume fraction of the primary Ni3Al precipitates.
Hardness reduction from room temperature was mostly less than ~15 % even at the highest temperature (1173 K).
The discrepancy between experimental data and the mixture rule, i.e., extra hardeningΔHv was however recognized in each alloy and at each temperature.
As one possibility, the observed difference may be attributed to different behavior in thermal expansion 0 20 40 60 80 100 200 300 400 500 600 Volume fraction of primary L12 (%) Vickers hardness (Hv) Base alloy Nb addition Ti addition Fig.5Variation of Vickers hardness with the volume fraction of the primary Ni3Al precipitates for the base, Nb added, and Ti added alloys.Data obtained at room temperature are plotted. 6 8 10 12 14 0 100 200 R.T. 573K 773K 873K 1073K 1173K Al contents (at.%) ΔHv Fig.6 Variation of extra hardening ΔHv with Al content at various temperatures for the Nb added alloys.
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Dian Xuan Gong, Li Dong Wang, Xin Wang
To tackle this type of problems, one possible solution is to incorporate fuzzy logic into ontology to handle uncertainty data [7].
Egenhofer: Determining semantic similarity among entity classes from different ontologies, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 15(2003), p.442-456
Cao: Automatic fuzzy ontology generation for semantic web, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 18 (2006), p. 842-856
Zhang: Relations of attribute reduction between object and property oriented concept lattice, Knowledge-Based Systems, 21(2008), p.398-403
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