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Prediction of Surface Roughening and Necking Behavior for Metal Foils by Inhomogeneous FE Material Modeling Tsuyoshi Furushima1, a, Hitomi Tsunezaki1, Tomoko Nakayama1, Ken-ichi Manabe1 and Sergei Alexandrov2 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-ohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397 Japan 2 Institute for Problems in Mechanics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 101-1 Prospect Vernadskogo, 119526 Moscow, Russian Federation afurushima-tsuyoshi@tmu.ac.jp Keywords: Surface roughening, Necking, Metal foil, Material inhomogeneity.
Thus, the free surface roughening of metal foils may affect not only local problem such as accuracy of products and frictional condition but also global deformation behavior such as necking behavior which is onset of fracture.
Table 1 shows the material properties of pure copper foil C1020-O obtained from uni-axial tensile test and microstructure observation.
Table 1 Material properties of metal foil C1020-O.

Many institutions of higher learning has conducted studies on waste composition as institutional waste is a part of municipal solid waste (MSW) [4], hence, this composition study will be useful in order to obtain a conventional management of the waste for few reasons which comprises a necessity to approximate potential materials recovery, estimate the physical, chemical and thermal properties of the wastes, maintain compliance with regulations, determining the sources of the waste generated and to facilitate the design of the processing equipment [6].
This is because polyethylene terephthalate (PET) possess good clarity and does not affect the original taste of the water.
The most critical environmental factor for composting is the carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) [11].
ii) Sample weighing The weighing of the sample was done by using a mechanical or electronic weigh scale in accordance to ASTM D5231 – 92 (Reapproved 2003 equivalent to 2016 version), the Standard Test Method for Determination of the Composition of Unprocessed Municipal Solid Waste establishes that [13].
The abbreviations in figures 5 to 7 are as follows; FKA - Fakulti Kejuruteraan Awam (Faculty of Civil Engineering), FKM – Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering), MF – Main Foyer located at PTAR3 (Tun Abdul Razak 3 Library), FKE – Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektrik (Faculty of Electical Enginering) and FKK – Fakulti Kejuruteraan Kimia (Faculty of Chemical Engineering).

Literature Review Jones [8] proposed a general theory to calculate the elastic properties of ball bearings under arbitrary loading and speed conditions.
Figure 4 - (a) Radii of curvature of two bodies in contact and (b) other geometric properties of a ball bearing.
Table 2 shows the main properties of the Aeroshell® 500 oil used in the calculations according to the manufacturer's catalog.
The properties are described as functions of the rotational speed.
Table 1 - Barden® 206(T) ball bearing properties.

The shale minerals are based on clay, quartz, and calcite, its relative component change affects the rock mechanics properties, pore structure and the adsorption ability to gas.
The well completion ways mainly include perforation completion after casing cementing, perforation completion after tail pipe cementing, open hole completion, combined bridge completion, combined mechanical completion, etc..
Volume transformation forms a complex cracks network system, initiation and expanding of cracks is not just tension damage, but also exists shear, slipping, bad break and other complex mechanical behaviors.
[2] Yuzhen Huang, Jinliang Huang, etc., in: A key factor promoting rapid development of shale gas in America: Technical progress, NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY, In Chinese, 2009, 29(5), p.7-10

Compared to other motors with the same motor speed, the differences are small size, light weight, easy maintenance, high efficiency (up to 97%), high power factor and so on.
In a wide range of speed, the torque and speed can be flexibly controlled, and the motors have high starting torque and low start-up power of mechanical properties, torque-speed characteristic well.
The vector control is easy to be realized, to some extent, to ensure detection accuracy, but the parameters of the motors are used in the process of state reconstruction, motor parameter changes caused by environmental changes will affect the accuracy of flux observation.
Power Automatic Draging Control System-Motion Control System.Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press,2003.

Innovative process integrations are implemented for thermal [1] and mechanical joining processes [2] (e.g. clinching) in the forming tool.
In both procedures, apart from the economic advantages especially the component properties can be improved.
Welding components integrated into deep drawing components Since the kinematic structure of the welding device is a crucial factor for an unpowered integration of the welding device in the kinematics of the press, it should be considered separately.
Due to the high mechanical load, the electrode cap is made of a copper-beryllium-alloy with tensile strengths up to 1379 MPa [16].
Further examinations on micro-sections regarding hardness, geometric shape of the welding point and heat-affected zone, should contribute to more detailed analyses of joining in deep drawing processes.

Extraordinary properties make VO2 very attractive for versatile potential applications, but the insulator-metal phase transition may be very easily affected[15-17].
In particular, stability is a critically important factor.
Results proved that the MIT switching properties of the VO2 thin film were even mainly not affected after more than 108 cycles, applying a voltage of 50V.
Electronic and optical properties of monoclinic and rutile vanadium dioxide.
Stability of Electrical Properties of Vanadium Dioxide Based Ceramics.

The properties of clusters depend on their size.
High-speed computing enables a dynamic computer simulation of the properties of real crystals of the GaAs.
It gives the results without making any correction factors, does not require the use of logarithmic scales, and other non-uniform, allows you to quickly calculate the crystalline potential for all elements of the given crystal structure.
This inter-ion lattice in addition to the core determines the physical properties of the crystal.
Discussion Computer simulation of the properties of the crystal lattice gives to use up to 1010 ÷ 1012 atoms.

Therefore, this review aims to expand the general vision on size-controlled synthesis methods including influential factors, surface properties and structures of ZnPNPs based on the recent literature.
Avci, Effect of nanoparticles on the anticorrosion and mechanical properties of epoxy coating, Surf.
Baek, Green nanobiotechnology: Factors affecting synthesis and characterization techniques, J.
Demazeau, Solvothermal processes: definition, key factors governing the involved chemical reactions and new trends, Z.
Sánchez-Amaya, Inhibitor properties of “green” pigments for paints, Prog.

For the last few years investigations into parameters that affect velocity and temperature of several types of fluids, to include viscoelastic materials, have been investigated.
An investigation into how relaxation time affects the flow of viscoelastic material in a two-dimensional cavity was conducted by Khan et al. [10] using Galerkin’s Finite Element Method.
The spectral homotopy analysis method was used to determine how the viscoelastic parameter as well as viscous dissipation affected the fluid flow.
This could be attributed to the elastic properties of the viscoelastic material, which causes some internal vibrations.
Conclusions This paper examined the time-dependent MHD rotating Couette motion of Maxwell material with ramped temperature, with the aim of identifying the factors influencing the viscoelastic material’s velocity and temperature.