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Online since: June 2009
Authors: John Blackburn
The final volume will be dependent on a number of factors including the deposit thickness, the target deposition times and the optimum number of deposits from a suspension batch.
In each of these applications the ceramics must have a tightly controlled chemical composition and be free of contamination which would adversely affect their conductivity.
EPD pilot plant for ceramic tubes Material Properties.
Proof-of-concept rig for EPD of coatings on flat foils Material Properties.
In NiO/ZrO2 cermet layers the NiO, following reduction to Ni on firing, provides the conductive element within the SOFC anode and the ZrO2 provides mechanical stability, compatible thermal expansion and helps to maintain the required porosity.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Xian Lin Xu, Xiao Yang Sui, Li Na Wang, Yuan Lin Ren
Introduction Polyester-cotton blended (PCB) fabric is an excellent material with outstanding mechanical, good moisture absorption and dying easily characteristics.
Several flame retardant techniques have been exploited for improving the fire performance of PCB fabric: flame retardant finishing has been used for improving the flame retardancy of PCB fabric because of its convenience and cheapness during processing[2-7], but the flame retardant is not durable after treatment finishing. modification of some filaments could improve their flame retardant properties, some fabrics are considered to be permanently fire retardant[8-12]. however, the combustion characteristics of blended fabric cannot be predicted, the two fibers can occur physical and chemical reaction during the process of thermal degradation, the process is complicated and changeable; flame retardant coatings, as one of efficient ways, have been employed widely to protect a substrate against fire[13-18], it can avoid the heat penetrating and flames spreading[19, 20], but the fabric feel harden after treatment.
The key factors which affect the grafting polymerization, for example, the concentrations of monomer, the time of grafting and the temperature of the reaction have been studied.
Flame Retardant Properties.
Online since: January 2015
Authors: Roman Perminov, Irina Maltseva, Natalia Kaganovich, Alexander Yolohov
Total solar factor: g = 0,62 [11].
Vacuum tubes capable of performing at negative temperature and less affected by snow covering [13].
[7] STO 00044907-001-2006 Heat-insulating properties of building envelope, Russian code, ROIS, Moscow, 2006
Kwok, Mechanical and electrical equipment for buildings, Wiley, Ney York, 2014
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Wei Shi, Yuan Hao Jiang, Jin Han, Yong Bin Li
Table 2 Geogrid specifications Peak Load KN/m Elongation at peak load % Strength at 2% KN/m Strength at 5% KN/m 94 8.80 31.38 63.33 Table 3 The main chemical components of fly ash[3] Composition SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO SO3 Na2O K2O average value 50.6 27.2 7 2.8 1.2 0.3 0.5 1.3 Table 4 The physical properties index of fly ash proportion liquid limit (WL) plastic limit (WP) plasticity index (IP) particle composition fine sand 0.25-0.075 mm powder 0.075-0.005mm clay <0.005mm 2.19 38 28 6.9 5.3 70.2 23.5 Test procedure.(1)Anchor chamber with rebar.(2)Proof pressure of hydraulic jacks.(3)Mix fly ash of different moisture content.(4)Put fly ash into the chamber,adding geogrid,hierarchical compaction.(5)Moved sample to the shelf of stretching machine ,start the computer, drawing machine system,adjust the distance between fixture and geogrid,clamp the sample by fixture,computer readings (displacement, pressure) back to zero,set the drawing
speed parameters 1mm/min,uniform drawing geogrid,peak pull-out occurs,end the experiment.(6)Shed normal pressure and pulling force,remove the cover plate,plane to the surface filling, take the soil samples near the grill by cutting ring, determine the physical and mechanical experimental data of fly ash.(7)Replace the size of reinforced materials and pressure,repeat the above steps.(8)Computer automatically take the experimental data.
Fig. 5 The relationship curve between the peak pulling force and water content Table 5 Shear strength factor under different water content water content/% 10 18 25 34 friction coefficient 0.042 0.031 0.026 0.068 cohesion/kPa 9.21 9.28 9.34 7.76 Table 6 The friction coefficient between filler and reinforced body Foundation soil classification soft plastic clay hard plastic clay Loam,semi-hard clay sandy soil, gravel type soil, soft rock μ 0.25 0.30 0.30-0.40 0.40 Table 6 (specification) lists friction coefficient between any kind of fill soil and reinforced body,its value is far greater than the friction coefficient between geogrid and fly ash.This is due to fine particles of fly ash is relatively small.To increase the friction coefficient between geogrid and fly ash,add appropriate amount of gravel in the fly ash is a good measure.
Summary By drawing experiment,analysis the characteristics of interfacial interaction between geogrid and fly ash,not only plot the curve between limit drawing force and the water content but also plots the drawing force and displacement curve ,reach the following conclusions:In the same moisture content, the greater the normal stress is,the greater is the peak drawing force of geogrid; When the moisture content of fly ash does not meet the plastic limit moisture content ,moisture content affects the peak drawing force of geogrid,underthe same normal stress,the peak drawing of geogrid force decreases as the moisture content increases,but when the moisture content of fly ash near the liquid limit water content,the peak drawing force of geogrid and the interface friction coefficient between geogrid and fly ash is significantly larger.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Muhammad Hammad Aziz, Mahvish Fatima, Muhammad Waseem, Muhammad Fakhar-E-Alam, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Nadeem Shakoor
Slightly more males (58.4%) are affected than females (41.6%) and Caucasians have a higher incidence than African Americans (rate ratio 1.2).
Fe2O3 and SiO2 are widely used in medical research especially in toxicological studies [16, 17, 18] and contain several properties that can play a dominant role on human malignant cell treatment.
Yow et al. [19] explored that ALA accumulation into liver carcinoma cellular model is depended on time factor.
Mechanical stress/trauma might be responsible due to affectivity of their shape and size which induced direct cell death, will be explored in future work.
Online since: July 2022
Authors: Aurel Arnoldt, Sindre Hovden, Johannes Österreicher, Johannes Kronsteiner
The mechanical properties are strongly influenced by grain size, among other factors.
The ductility, surface quality, fatigue and corrosion properties of extruded products, however, can considerably deteriorate due to coarse grains at or near the surfaces of extruded profiles.
Additionally, Dynamic Recrystallization (DRX, [5]) was found to affect PCG formation to a certain extent [6].
Here, the evolution of microstructure during thermo-mechanical processing is described in terms of the evolution ofdislocation density (ρ).
Sedláček: The effect of surface recrystallized layers on properties of extrusions and forgings form high strength aluminium alloys, 20.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Jia Lin Tian, Zheng Liang, Lin Yang, Lian Cheng Ren, Xue Qing Mei, Bai Chuan Xiao, Lan Lan
Tianjin, 300451, china a tianjialin@swpu.edu.cn, b liangz_2242@126.com, c ylin@swpu.edu.cn, d rlcgp1999@yahoo.com.cn, e xqmei3@sina.com About the author: Corresponding author: Jialin Tian: Assistant Professor of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Southwest Petroleum University.
To obtain accurate flow field properties of the compressible viscous turbulent flow of natural gas downhole choke, this article research on flow field with numerical calculation and simulation method.
It omitted partial structures which did no affect the downhole choke internal flow field, such as external structure components, chamfer, fastener and sand-against cover.
It embeds the influencing factors and simplifies the geometric model, and this can optimize the downhole choke diameter data without changing other parts parameter.
The phenomenon of high pressure outflow is complex, the key factor of making the numerical calculation and simulation of outflow of downhole choke is using the effective turbulent flow model.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Cheng Tung Chong, Simone Hochgreb
Flow Field of a Model Gas Turbine Swirl Burner Cheng Tung Chong1, a, Simone Hochgreb2,b 1 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. 2 Hopkinson Lab, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, CB2 1PZ Cambridge, UK actchong@mail.fkm.utm.my, bsh372@cam.ac.uk Keywords: swirl flame, flow field, gas turbine, palm biodiesel, PIV Abstract: The flow field of a lab-scale model gas turbine swirl burner was characterised using particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) at atmospheric condition.
Swirl is commonly employed for enhancing flame stability in burners; the effect of swirl addition on various factors has been studied, including spray evaporation rates [2-4], flame stabilization [5] and flame-droplet-flow interactions [6].
Owen et al. [7] reported that the variation of inlet swirling air can change the interaction between the spray and the air stream and subsequently affect the fuel evaporation and fuel-air mixing rates.
The fuel physical properties of diesel and PME can be found in [11].
The spray flow shows higher radial velocity magnitude than the non-spray flow by a factor of 3 at z = 10 mm from burner exit as shown in Fig. 3b.
Online since: October 2008
Authors: Y.H. Chai, Y.T. Chen, H.J. Hung, G.N Rocha
Factors contributing to the unsatisfactory performance include (i) time-dependent consolidation of the natural soil under the embankment and/or fill material due to inadequate compaction, (ii) poor drainage behind the bridge abutment, which results in the erosion of the fill material causing void formation under the approach slab, (iii) longitudinal and vertical movements as well as rotation of the abutment causing localized damage at the connection of the approach slab.
Physical and mechanical properties of the I-bars, cross-rods and vertical connectors follow that given in [7], where the longitudinal tensile strength and tensile modulus of the I-bars and cross-rods were reported to be 80 and 95 ksi, and 4500 and 5500 ksi, respectively.
The increase in rebar size or closer spacing is a result of the use of the relatively small capacity reduction factor ( 65.0=φ for concrete crushing and bar fracture) for FRP reinforcement design, as prescribed in the guideline [8].
The significant reduction in stiffness after the 6 ft washout, which will affect the serviceability of the slab, can be attributed to the loss of direct soil support under the middle axle.
Online since: July 2015
Authors: Ke Lin Chen, Jin Bo Lei, Teng Sheng Yue, Xing Zhou
Abstract: The soil surrounding of the pile will be compacted during static sinking-pile, higher pore water pressure will arise, which will cause compaction effect and affect the surrounding engineering environment in the soft soil area.
The engineering properties of soil have a great change compared with the state before pile sinking. 4) Along with the gradual disappearance of excess pore water pressure in the soil around the pile, soil would consolidate again, and making the pile side under the effect of negative friction resistance. 5) With pile-sinking, the soil squeezing effect would cause cracks around buildings, underground pipeline, and so on. 2.2 Cause analysis for the adverse effects of static sinking-pile The main cause of the adverse effects of static pressure pile sinking on the environment around the pile includes the following two aspects: First, when piles sink into soil and squeeze the equivalent volume of soil, soil is disturbed.
Making a comparative analysis between poled pipe-pile and tapered pipe-pile which is not difficult to find out that the cone angle is not only have an important influence on bearing character and settling properties of tapered pipe-pile, but it is also the key factor of the difference between the two pile types.
Several mechanical problems in compacting effects of static piling in soft clay ground [J], Engineering Mechanics, 2000,Vol.17(4):7-12
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