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CNTs are inert and difficult to disperse in the rubber, also difficult to conduct phonon,so the interface function with the rubber is weak, which affect the thermal conductivity of rubber material that filled with CNTs.
In addition, Sihn et al. [8] demonstrated that the transition zone (TZ) of the interface between the thermally conductive filler and the insulating material is the main factor which will determine the thermal conductivity of the composite.
The CNTs/NR, CNTs-PDA/NR and CNTs-PDA-Al2O3/NR composites were prepared by mechanical blending, according to ISO 2393:1994, and then vulcanizated at 143℃ for (T90 + 3)min.
Gotama, The effects of carbon nanotubes on mechanical and thermal properties of woven glass fibre reinforced polyamide-6 nanocomposites.

Nuttall1,b, Gabriel Lodewijks1,c 1Section of Transport Engineering and Logistics, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands 2Current Affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl.
They also give recommendations for the starting and stopping of conveyors, such as the allowable maximum belt tension, minimum safety factor, and start-up time.
The main properties of the belt conveyor are as follows: the desired operational speed is 4 m/s, the centre-to-centre distance is 960 m, the number of belt elements is 60, the length of each belt element is 32 m, the tail pulley and the loading station are both at node 31, the discharge point and the tension device are both at node 1.
When the reflection of acceleration and deceleration waves in the belt arrive at motor 1, the nodal velocity at that location is affected, resulting in the ups and downs of the drive wheel slip and drive force.

Safety Diagnosis of Collided Subway Electric Multiple Units (EMUs) Jong Duk Chung 1,a , Jeong Guk Kim2,b and Dae Sung Bae1,c 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Kyunggi, South Korea 2 Railroad Safety Research and Testing Center, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang, Kyunggi, South Korea a jdchung@krri.re.kr, bjkim@krri.re.kr, cdsbae@hanyang.ac.kr Keywords: Safety Diagnosis, Electric Multiple Units (EMUs), Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE), Structural Analysis.
In this respect, the safety concerns are the most important factor in the operation of the subway system as the public transportation.
Among several areas of the operation of the subway system, the safety of subway vehicle itself is of important because the rolling stocks carry the passengers, and the safety and reliability of rolling stocks are directly affected for the safety of subway passengers.
According to Korean Metropolitan Railroad Law, the loading condition for the horizontal compressive testing is as follows, Horizontal Compressive Load = (Empty Car Body Weight + Passenger Weight - Bogie Weight - Bareframe Weight) + Compressive Load = (33ton + 20ton - 12ton - 11.7 ton) + 50ton = Vertical Load (29.3ton) + Compressive Load (50ton) (1) The material of subway car body was Stainless Steel (SS400) for the structural analysis, the mechanical properties of SS400 were as follows; the yield strength of 245.2MPa and the tensile strength of 402.1MPa, respectively.

Repeated load tests were then carried out on the Mosquito wings, but these tests indicated that the static strength was not appreciably affected by repeated loading.
Wills at the Second International Aeronautical Conference in New York, proved to be a major contribution in this field.He predicted the emerging danger of fatigue and listed the major contributing factors, all of which have proved to be correct.
During this era major applied investigations were conducted on the General Dynamics F-111 (prompted by early in-flight failure), the Aermacchi MB326H trainer aircraft, the Vampire and the Marcel-Dassault Mirage III 0 aircraft, where the properties of the new high strength materials of construction was a vital consideration, and the development of new inspection techniques were to play an important part in interpreting results of fatigue tests and establishing inspection procedures.
This was achieved by having a manoeuvre loading system that would not significantly affect the dynamic characteristics of the structure.
Because of the lack of data from high life fleet aircraft, a number of risks exist in implementing a SRP1++ program, including (a) influence of in-service defects including mechanical damage and corrosion, (b) influence of widespread fatigue damage (and thus potential new fatigue critical locations not previously seen in other F/A-18 fatigue tests), and (c) ineffective repairs.

Nemeth,3,d and Osama Jadaan,4,e 1 National Institute of Standards and Technology, Ceramics Division, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Latrobe Hall, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218 3 NASA-Glenn Center, Cleveland, OH, 44135 4 College of Engineering, Mathematics, and Science, University of Wisconsin, Platteville, WI 53818 a george.quinn@nist.gov, bw.sharpe@jhu.edu, cg.beheim@grc.nasa.gov, d n.n.nemeth@grc.nasa.gov, and eo.jadaan@uwplatt.edu, Keywords: Fractography, tension strength, CVD, silicon carbide, flaws Abstract.
The shape factors for the long surface cracks was Y = 1.99 and for surface semicircular cracks was Y = 1.3.
The orientation of the grain may also be a factor.
The large grains also affected the crack propagation across the fracture surface, causing significant redirection of the cracks and severe roughness as the crack sought out preferred cleavage planes.
[7] Engineering Property Data on Selected Ceramics, Volume 2, Carbides, Metals and Ceramics Information Center, Battelle Columbus Laboratories, MCIC Report-HB-07, Aug. 1979

Therefore, standardization the testing procedure for DSSC is necessary, which can reduce the measurement error due to capacitive effect, and evaluate the relationship between short-circuit current (Isc) and a spectral correction factor (or spectral mismatch factor, MMF).
Broken, cracked, or torn external surfaces, including superstrates, substrates and frames; Bent or misaligned external surfaces, including superstrates, substrates and frames to the extent that the installation and/or operation of the module would be impaired; Voids in, or visible corrosion of any layers of the active circuitry of test sample, extending over more than 10 % of any cell; Bubbles or delamination forming a continuous path between any part of the electrical circuit and the edge of test sample; When the test sample has a loss of mechanical integrity, the installation and operation would be impaired.
The response time, which relies on lighting level and property of dye, is to decrease while increasing level lighting in the forward and to keep constant in the backward.
Because the externally biased potential can affect dye difference caused by the conversion step like capacitance effect of forward/backward under different level lighting.
Characteristics of DSSC in forward and backward sweep by RTOSM (see method B, [7]) Item Pmax Isc Voc Fill Factor (%) Forward (F) 1.4500 2.5248 0.7693 74.6507 Backward (B) 1.4611 2.5382 0.7709 74.6677 F-B 0.0111 0.0134 0.0016 0.0170 F/B 0.9924 0.9947 0.9979 0.9998 Summary Accurate characterization for both I-V curve and quantum efficiency of DSSC further requires consideration on the very slow temporal response of the order of seconds or minutes, and the effect of bias light intensity.

The properties of organic polymers implanted with low-energy ions are of scientific and practical interest.
By ion-beam technology one can significantly improve the optical characteristics [14, 20–24], electronic properties [24–29], electrical conductivity [14, 25–27, 30], biocompatibility [31, 32], surface, mechanical and thermal properties [25–27, 30] of optically-transparent synthetic polymers, such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polycarbonate.
As known, the carrier transport depends on various factors, on the interaction between the gate dielectric and the semiconducting active material, as well as on the morphology of the interfacial region between them.
Svorcik, The properties and application of carbon nanostructures, in: F.
Stewart, Properties of hydrogenated amorphous carbon films and the effects of doping, Philos.

Two-factor central composite design Fig. 2.
The material and geometric properties are usually adopted as input features (parameters) in model updating.
The Young's modulus (E0=35.5GPa) and the density (D0=2400 kg/m 3) measured from the concrete specimen tests were used as the initial values of the material properties for the FEM.
Yam: Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing Vol.21 (2007), p.2198-2211
Inman: Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing Vol.12 (1998), p.135-161

The key goal of product innovation is function innovation; function is defined as the object’s property which can meet some demand [2].
For example, the combination between TRIZ [7] and function can transform the thinking of product structure into the thinking of function, thus not affected by the existing structures’ bondage, form new design ideas.
Above six innovative solutions, the first strategy improves the safety and convenience of products in the using process effectively; the second strategy effectively used the energy which the flywheel’s rotating makes, incarnates the energy-saving design well; the third strategy makes the rototiller’s speed mechanism more reasonable, but the cost factor can’t be ignored; the fourth strategy harmonizes the relationship between automation degree and the cost of the rototiller; the fifth strategy makes the motor replace the hands, realizes the convenient operation.
Wood: Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 122 (2000), p.359-370 [4] A.

Table 2: Sintering materials apparent density and porosity leve Product ρ [kg/m3 ] Typical porosity [%] roof tile 2200 12 horizontal porous brick 1986 24 chimney block 2025 19 vertical perforated brick 1500 40 Frost Resistance.When the materials have high porosity and generally have a low mechanical strength, however materials with high porosity have a good frost resistance.
Especially trees, lack of air (Microporous coarse particles is insufficient in tree well cushion) what is an important factor to limit growth [5].
Fired brick and tile granular recovery materials have the neutral chemical property, the crushing strength and frost resistance.
Meanwhile, according to the Western Europe literature, mortar component in recycling wall fired brick waste may cause the increase of carbonate content, but it does not affect the collection and flow of water in the filtration bed.