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Because of this process, there are a number of possible advantages, including high process control, dimensional constancy in produced parts, low porosity and capacity to develop parts with complex geometries, good surface finishing properties and production of near-net-shape parts.
Figure 11: Optical micrographs of an A356 aluminium alloys poured at different temperature [46] Figure 12 illustrates the effect of the pouring temperature on the grain diameter and the shape factor of the semi-solid A380 aluminium alloy slurry, prepared by Serpentine Channel Pouring (SCP) process [51].
Figure 12: Curves of grain diameter and shape factor vs. pouring temperature of semi-solid slurry [51] 3.6.
The complex forging process, the large-scale equipment and the large number of mechanical processes make forging very expensive.
Fragner; The effect of chemical grain refinement and low superheat pouring on the structure of NRC castings of aluminium alloy Al–7Si–0.4Mg; Materials Science and Engineering A 420 (2006) pp.135–143

Let μ(x) ∈[0,1] denote the membership of qualitative concept from x to C which is a random number with stable tendency.
Collect the natural language opinions of N experts on each index, and count the experts` number of each score range, respectively.
The experts` number of each score range of the i-th index is expressed as (N1, N2, N3, N4, N5). 2) Determine each score range`s (Ex, En, He) of the i-th index using the method in Table 5.
The score range (x0, x1) as an example, let (Ex1, En1, He1) denote its expectation, entropy, hyper entropy and let N1 denote the number of experts who select the range.
The number of experts is the number of cloud droplets, and drive one-dimensional forward normal cloud model CG (Ex1, En1, He1, N1) and let c1 denote its maximum membership.

A significant increase was obtained with the number of presentations of 1.08% Moisture Content.
The results obtained for the highest hardness indicator were obtained in sample number 5.
All results from this coffee sample are above the indicator number of 90 HA.
Sample numbers 1, namely Arabica raw seeds, received the largest indicator number compared to other samples with a result of 105.6 HA.
Botelho, “Hygroscopic equilibrium and physical properties evaluation affected by parchment presence of coffee grain,” Spanish J.

Though large number of ion-exchange materials of hetropolyacid salt based tin(IV)[11-14], Cerium(IV)[15] titanium(IV)[16]and zirconium(IV)[17,18] with polyaniline have been mentioned in literature, their ion exchange property are not completely understood[19].
The SEM images give an idea that the composite materials consist of irregular heterogeneous surface showing high surface area [40] and huge number of agglomerates.
In complex impedance plane, all effects viz., grain, grain boundary and grain-electrode effects appear as a semicircle, whose centres lie on a line below the real axis.
As the magnitude of the conductivity is determined by the number of charge carriers (polarons and bipolarons) [45, 46] available for conduction and the rate at which they move, the increase in conductance with temperature is due to increase in charge carrier concentration.

The main advantage of workpieces produced by ring rolling, compared to other technological processes, is given by the size and orientation of grains, especially on the worked surface which give to the final product excellent mechanical properties.
Moreover, due to the nature of the process, it is possible to reduce the number of elements, and so the computational time, by considering a symmetric model.

The average number of leaf of each sample was 4.
In addition, these 30 samples of sugarcane trash were used to determine the unit weight at different moisture contents using digital balance, and the number of leaf in each trash was counted.
The average number of leaf was 4 in each trash.
The average number of leaf of each sample was 4.
[7] Ebubekir Altuntas and Mehmet Yildiz, Effect of moisture content on some physical and mechanical properties of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) grains.

In the preceding few years, this number has been rising steadily.
The need to consider environmental concerns in the construction industry globally, as well as the economic and social contexts of developing nations, particularly in Central Africa, has once again brought attention to this material, leading to the current completion of a number of projects aimed at optimizing its value.
On the other hand, it contributes to their entanglement, since these wastes are generally irregularly shaped rods, which prevent the grains, especially those of very small size, from the matrix coming to occupy all the voids and pores.
This can be explained by the presence of wheat straw fibers (WSF) in the mixture (soil + cement), causing the grain rearrangement to be more difficult.
The decrease in (CS) is due to the increase in the number of voids inside the blocks not stabilized with the cement due to the detachment of the straw fibers (WSF) from the stabilized soil matrix of dry blocks.

Solidification techniques aimed at grain refinement and tuning of the microstructure are proposed to be the best possible solution strategy.
Any glass forming system consists of elements which must: 1. be three in number (at minimum).
The metal following it is usually found in the form of solidified fine equiaxed grains.
Research Opportunities In the present research, an effort has been made to microstructurally control and tune the properties of Zr-based BMGs by controlling the number density (dc) of a ductile primary phase CuZr-B2 spheroidal intermetallic, its grain size and dispersion within the bulk alloy by conventional and additive manufacturing routes.
Solidification techniques aimed at improvement of microstructure and grain refinement are proposed to be the best possible answers.

Around the Tondano watershed, there are a small number of people who often use the river for their daily needs.
If the grain size of activated carbon is getting smaller, then the surface area of ​​activated carbon is getting bigger so that the adsorption capacity will be bigger.
Each peak has a different intensity and the intensity that occurs is directly proportional to the number of x-ray photons detected at each angle by the detector.
In the results of pyrolysis, an absorption peak appears with a wave number of 3433.29 cm-1 and it is suspected that the presence of an O-H group (3200-3600), while the activation results appear an absorption peak with a wave number of 3425.58 cm-1.
Next appears an absorption peak with a wave number of 1435.04 cm-1 on the pyrolysis results and on the activation results an absorption peak appears at a wave number of 1442.75 cm-1 with a presumed C-H group.

Abd2,c 1Physics Department,College of Education for Pure Science Tikrit University, Iraq 2Physics Department ,College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq a*omaromaraws2016@gmail.com, bdr.hanan.ridha@tu.edu.iq, cahmed_naji_abd@uomustansiriyah.edu.iq Keywords :Y2O3, grain sizes, XRD, nanoparticle ,anti-bacterial activity.
The produced solutions exhibit a modest variation in intensity as the number of energies increases.
This is in line with the research [7,21], and the findings demonstrated that the international standard card results and the distance (d) between the atomic levels and the diffraction angles (2θ) corresponding to the diffraction peaks are substantially compatible: JCDPS ID number 43-0661.
X-ray diffraction of Y2O3 layer at a number of pulses of 400 pulses and two energies mJ (400 – 440).