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Online since: September 2011
Authors: Wei Guang Li, Zhi Dong Han, Zhen Bei Lv, Yan Hong Duan
Suspension close-grained type structure has higher adiabatic heating; gap-type skeleton has faster speed of suction and exothermic; and dense skeleton has more total quantity of heat storage.
Compare the three methods to find out a suitable cooling way. 1.3 The introduction to the experiment device 1) Experimental instrument introduction and conditions determination Fig 1 Experimental device on test suction Fig 2 Actual test equipment exothermic characteristic of materials in road engineering During the research, practical new-type experimental device was developed on testing suction exothermic characteristic of materials in road engineering, and obtained the patent number 200820029840[5].
Compare the three methods to find out a suitable cooling way. 1.3 The introduction to the experiment device 1) Experimental instrument introduction and conditions determination Fig 1 Experimental device on test suction Fig 2 Actual test equipment exothermic characteristic of materials in road engineering During the research, practical new-type experimental device was developed on testing suction exothermic characteristic of materials in road engineering, and obtained the patent number 200820029840[5].
Online since: May 2020
Authors: Axel von der Weth, Kaori Nagatou, Dmitri Klimenko, Marvin Schulz, Frederik Arbeiter, Volker Pasler
Omitting hydrogen loss of the specimen during pumping interval yields:
0= 2Vc-Vsa R T pr2+ VSks,sa pr - 2Vc-Vsa R T pstart2+ VSks,sa pload (3)
Eq. 3 contains with the first summand the number of hydrogen atoms in the gas phase, second summand represents the number of atoms contained in the specimen after release, third summand stands for the number of atoms in the gaseous phase after pumping and fourth summand for number of atoms in interstitial after loading time interval.
Note the element number is used as abscissa here, see also Fig. 5.
As abscissa is the element number used as in Fig. 4, the diagram contains the number of used elements.
Caused by the elevated operating temperature (grain coarsening) the authors would prefer a powder metallurgic Al2O3 Cu alloy from Glid Cop corporation [11]) Fig. 4 and 5 demonstrate the simulation results on how the concentration is changing during all phases of the TDE.
At the end falling lines (element number 1 and 150) in the right upper graphics, detail (d) and (e), are indicating that the specimen has lost some hydrogen by pumping.
Note the element number is used as abscissa here, see also Fig. 5.
As abscissa is the element number used as in Fig. 4, the diagram contains the number of used elements.
Caused by the elevated operating temperature (grain coarsening) the authors would prefer a powder metallurgic Al2O3 Cu alloy from Glid Cop corporation [11]) Fig. 4 and 5 demonstrate the simulation results on how the concentration is changing during all phases of the TDE.
At the end falling lines (element number 1 and 150) in the right upper graphics, detail (d) and (e), are indicating that the specimen has lost some hydrogen by pumping.
Online since: September 2016
Authors: Xiang Ming Zhou, Reza Madanipour, Seyed Ghaffar
Shingle with 10-mm maximum particle size and river sand with 2-mm maximum grain size was used as coarse and fine aggregates, respectively.
During the test, notes were taken to record the number of blows required to initiate the first visible crack and the number of blows required to cause ultimate failure of a HFRC panel.
Every HFRC panel initiated the first visible crack after certain number of blows and followed by more blows to reach ultimate failure.
Number of blows required to initiate cracking and subsequently to cause ultimate failure is useful in determining overall pre- and post-cracking behaviour of HFRC panels under impact loading, which are presented in Table 2 in which the number of blows is the average from results of four panels with same testing parameters.
These numbers turned into 219% and 45% in case of 20 mm-long fibres.
During the test, notes were taken to record the number of blows required to initiate the first visible crack and the number of blows required to cause ultimate failure of a HFRC panel.
Every HFRC panel initiated the first visible crack after certain number of blows and followed by more blows to reach ultimate failure.
Number of blows required to initiate cracking and subsequently to cause ultimate failure is useful in determining overall pre- and post-cracking behaviour of HFRC panels under impact loading, which are presented in Table 2 in which the number of blows is the average from results of four panels with same testing parameters.
These numbers turned into 219% and 45% in case of 20 mm-long fibres.
Online since: March 2017
Authors: Zhi Yuan Yang, Si Tong Wang, Zhuo Yue Meng, Zhi Hua Li
According to the Texaco gasification of grain size distribution and some rules, we had prepared the water-coke slurry, then we tested its properties of viscosity, flowability, syneresis rate.
When the wave number was 2927.5 cm-1,it was the stretching vibration band of C-H from methylene.
When the wave number was 1641cm-1, it was the stretching vibration band of double bond C=C.
When the wave number was 1434cm-1, it was the bending vibration bands of C-H from methyl.
The absorption peak when the wave number was 1732.8cm-1,1227.5 cm-1 had increased obviously.
When the wave number was 2927.5 cm-1,it was the stretching vibration band of C-H from methylene.
When the wave number was 1641cm-1, it was the stretching vibration band of double bond C=C.
When the wave number was 1434cm-1, it was the bending vibration bands of C-H from methyl.
The absorption peak when the wave number was 1732.8cm-1,1227.5 cm-1 had increased obviously.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Barbara Ślusarek, Krzysztof Chwastek, Bartosz Jankowski, Jan Szczygłowski
Magnetic properties of soft magnetic composites and parts made of them depend on a number of factors.
Source: own work based on [12, 15] Bertotti’s theory has been adopted to SMCs in a number of papers [15-20].
Bertotti has suggested a number of more complicated dependencies for different classes of soft magnetic materials [13].
This effect may be due to a different number of data points used in fitting of three curves.
This approach has been followed in Refs. [19, 20], where a correction factor is introduced in order to replace the true microstructure of the SMC with a homogenized medium that has uniform rectangular grains.
Source: own work based on [12, 15] Bertotti’s theory has been adopted to SMCs in a number of papers [15-20].
Bertotti has suggested a number of more complicated dependencies for different classes of soft magnetic materials [13].
This effect may be due to a different number of data points used in fitting of three curves.
This approach has been followed in Refs. [19, 20], where a correction factor is introduced in order to replace the true microstructure of the SMC with a homogenized medium that has uniform rectangular grains.
Online since: May 2004
Authors: Fernando M.B. Marques, A.P. Viskup, E.N. Naumovich, Jorge R. Frade, Vladislav V. Kharton, Alrksey A. Yaremchenko, A.L. Shaula, J.R. Casanova, Ivan P. Marozau
In the latter case, the values of σO and σe were calculated from the data on the total
conductivity (Fig.1) and oxygen transference numbers in air (Table 1) assuming the oxygen ionic
TABLE 1.
Oxygen ion transference numbers of La0.3Sr0.7Fe0.6Al0.3Cr0.1O3-δ ceramics calculated from the faradaic efficiency and total conductivity data in air T, K tO 1223 4.5 × 10 -3 1173 2.5 × 10 -3 1123 1.3 × 10 -3 1073 6.5 × 10 -4 FIG.2.
Ga-substituted materials possess, however, a number of specific disadvantages including volatilization of gallium oxide in reducing atmospheres, interaction with catalysts such as Pt or Ni, and high cost of Ga-containing raw materials.
The size of phase impurity grains, clearly visible in the SEM micrographs of La0.3Sr0.7Fe0.7-xAl0.3CrxO3-δ ceramics (Fig.7, E and F), increases with x.
The factors responsible for such a decrease include impurity phase segregation at the grain boundaries blocking ionic conduction, decreasing oxygen vacancy concentration in the perovskite phase due to Cr 3+/4+ incorporation, and also a lower vacancy mobility resultant from stronger Cr-O bonds if compared to the Fe-O bonding.
Oxygen ion transference numbers of La0.3Sr0.7Fe0.6Al0.3Cr0.1O3-δ ceramics calculated from the faradaic efficiency and total conductivity data in air T, K tO 1223 4.5 × 10 -3 1173 2.5 × 10 -3 1123 1.3 × 10 -3 1073 6.5 × 10 -4 FIG.2.
Ga-substituted materials possess, however, a number of specific disadvantages including volatilization of gallium oxide in reducing atmospheres, interaction with catalysts such as Pt or Ni, and high cost of Ga-containing raw materials.
The size of phase impurity grains, clearly visible in the SEM micrographs of La0.3Sr0.7Fe0.7-xAl0.3CrxO3-δ ceramics (Fig.7, E and F), increases with x.
The factors responsible for such a decrease include impurity phase segregation at the grain boundaries blocking ionic conduction, decreasing oxygen vacancy concentration in the perovskite phase due to Cr 3+/4+ incorporation, and also a lower vacancy mobility resultant from stronger Cr-O bonds if compared to the Fe-O bonding.
Online since: March 2014
Authors: Chris Wallbrink, Wei Ping Hu
For such locations subjected to variable amplitude loading of a large number of cycles, the numerical analysis of fatigue life requires an accurate and robust model for cyclic plasticity, in order to reliably determine the stress and strain response.
The key feature of the nonlinear kinematic hardening model is the inclusion of a recall term in the expression of the back-stress, which itself is represents the effect of dislocation pile-up at the grain boundaries on the subsequent reverse yielding [7].
The key feature of the nonlinear kinematic hardening model is the inclusion of a recall term in the expression of the back-stress, which itself is represents the effect of dislocation pile-up at the grain boundaries on the subsequent reverse yielding [7].
Online since: January 2022
Authors: Nur Aleysha Zin, Nur Hudawiyah Abu Hassan, Nor Hidayah Shaari, Norhuda Hidayah Nordin, Mohammed Saedi Jami, Nor Akmal Fadil
The structural analysis shows that the average crystallite size decreases while lattice grain size increases with the increasing milling time.
Xin et.al [16] mentioned that high lattice strain in HEA-based catalyst is able to promote the formation of defects such as oxygen vacancies and can create more numbers of active sites for the adsorption to occur.
Xin et.al [16] mentioned that high lattice strain in HEA-based catalyst is able to promote the formation of defects such as oxygen vacancies and can create more numbers of active sites for the adsorption to occur.
Online since: March 2025
Authors: Sandra Mayang Dika Ridwan, Muhammad Ihsan Mukrim, Nasaruddin Salam, Rustan Tarakka
The pressure drop, experimental friction factor, and Reynolds number on the experimental variables show an interesting relation between the variables.
These include the interaction between phase, the influence of deformation of fluid, the influence of phase imbalance, and changes in pressure drop [5]In terms of pressure drop, besides influenced by the Reynolds numbers, it is also influenced by the interaction of different phases which will lead to various flow patterns, which in turn will result in pressure drop [6].
Fluid mud can be defined as a high concentration aqueous suspension consisting of fine-grained materials with hindered settling.
The density concentration refers to the number of solid particles dissolved in the liquid phase Changes in density concentration can affect the properties of two-phase fluid flow.
Two-phase flow that undergoes a changing flow pattern due to the influence of interactions between phases, Reynolds number, orientation and pipe geometry will undergo pressure drop changes as well [11].
These include the interaction between phase, the influence of deformation of fluid, the influence of phase imbalance, and changes in pressure drop [5]In terms of pressure drop, besides influenced by the Reynolds numbers, it is also influenced by the interaction of different phases which will lead to various flow patterns, which in turn will result in pressure drop [6].
Fluid mud can be defined as a high concentration aqueous suspension consisting of fine-grained materials with hindered settling.
The density concentration refers to the number of solid particles dissolved in the liquid phase Changes in density concentration can affect the properties of two-phase fluid flow.
Two-phase flow that undergoes a changing flow pattern due to the influence of interactions between phases, Reynolds number, orientation and pipe geometry will undergo pressure drop changes as well [11].
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Artem Frolov, Ludmila Chumadova, Artemiy Cherkashin, Luka Akimov
Despite of the huge number of advantages of nanomodified concrete, analysis of the use of nanoparticles shows that they are used quite seldom, as it requires a large cash outlay.
Nanomodified reinforced concrete out-performs an ordinary reinforced concrete in many features, such as: 1) Reduction of own weight of the structure due to low density of nanomodified cocncrete. 2) Modification of the reinforcement system and reduction of amount of reinforcement used in concrete. 3) Reduction of footing loads of the structure, so foundation design is simplified and quantity of earthworks is reduced. 4) Exclusion of general and special damp course from the structure. 5) Price reduction and acceleration of en bloc reinforced concrete building construction. 6) Increase of safety and reliability of antiseismic construction. 7) Reduction of number of aseismic isolation elements in building construction in areas with high earthquake activity. 8) Increase of fire-resistance of buildings and structures [1].
It significantly reduce the number of interstices bigger than 1nm.
In the article [33] we considered a successful modification of French giperplasticizer PREMIA 360 with astralenes and an injection into the fine-grained concrete mixtures of oil shale ash ZolestBET [34].
Ponomarev, A.N., Egorushkin, V.E., Melnikova, N.V., , Reshetnyak, A.A.Anomalous thermal conductivity in multiwalled carbon nanotubes with impurities and short-range order (2010) Journal of Physics: Conference Series (International Conference on Theoretical Physics Dubna-Nano 2010; Dubna; Russian Federation; 5 July 2010 through 10 July 2010; Code 83234) Vol. 248, Article number 012005
Nanomodified reinforced concrete out-performs an ordinary reinforced concrete in many features, such as: 1) Reduction of own weight of the structure due to low density of nanomodified cocncrete. 2) Modification of the reinforcement system and reduction of amount of reinforcement used in concrete. 3) Reduction of footing loads of the structure, so foundation design is simplified and quantity of earthworks is reduced. 4) Exclusion of general and special damp course from the structure. 5) Price reduction and acceleration of en bloc reinforced concrete building construction. 6) Increase of safety and reliability of antiseismic construction. 7) Reduction of number of aseismic isolation elements in building construction in areas with high earthquake activity. 8) Increase of fire-resistance of buildings and structures [1].
It significantly reduce the number of interstices bigger than 1nm.
In the article [33] we considered a successful modification of French giperplasticizer PREMIA 360 with astralenes and an injection into the fine-grained concrete mixtures of oil shale ash ZolestBET [34].
Ponomarev, A.N., Egorushkin, V.E., Melnikova, N.V., , Reshetnyak, A.A.Anomalous thermal conductivity in multiwalled carbon nanotubes with impurities and short-range order (2010) Journal of Physics: Conference Series (International Conference on Theoretical Physics Dubna-Nano 2010; Dubna; Russian Federation; 5 July 2010 through 10 July 2010; Code 83234) Vol. 248, Article number 012005