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How to reduce damage to the road in the early researchers of road has become one of the biggest national problems, the road led to the vast number of researchers in deep thinking, but also made ​​a lot of research to address these issues.
Punan highway pavement surface material ( from bottom to top) 160mm coarse asphalt bound macadam ATB-25, 60mm medium grained asphalt concrete AC-20C, 40mm asphalt concrete AC-13C.
Perpetual Pavements a Synthesis [R].Asphalt Pavement Alliance Order Number APA 101 1/02, 2002

This one is depending on the number of atoms to be bound.
In material science, lattice defects comprise shiftings, inclusions, stacking faults, and grain boundaries [12].
Thus, all the production processes of DIN 8580 can be reduced to one or a number of model concepts to evaluate these production processes energetically.

Introduction At present time there is a large number of machines and mechanisms where parts with working cylindrical internal surfaces of small diameter (less than 100 – 120 mm) are used: hydro- and pneumatic actuators, rings of frictionless bearings and others, to which higher requirements on reliability and durability are produced.
At a classical burnishing with the increase of a number of working rings the roughness of a surface worked decreases.
Dobromyslov, Dimensional Effects in Micro- and Nanostructural Changes in Grain and Intragrained Structure of Steel 45 at Static-pulse Treatment, Journal of Nano and Electronic Physics. 7 (2015) 04023(4pp)

Many kinds of methods have been taken to enhance the UC PL intensity, such as annealed[16], grain sized reduction[17], crystal surface coating[18], sensitizing agent codoped[19], and so on.
In the UC processes, UC PL intensity changes as the excitation power changes, which complies with the following relation: (1) where n is the number of laser photons which are required on the UC processes.
The number of Tm3+ ions in 3H5 state reduces.

There are several typical test methods and test means stated as follows: (1) The orthogonal test method [8] Orthogonal test method is a scientific experiment method that uses the viewpoints of mathematical statistics and orthogonal principle to select a little representative and typical experimental sites from a large number of trials as well as according to "orthogonal layout", experiment can be arranged reasonably.
Its advantage is substantially reducing the number of tests, but not the degree of test feasibility.
Among them is the nature diamond, artificial diamond, ultra-fine grain cemented carbides, CBN, and other new and premium materials

SEM based analysis revealed that the atmosphere-oxide interface is composed of a TiO2/Al2O3 substrate and sporadically adsorbed entities that contain boron, nitrogen and oxygen (with [B] > [N]); which suggests that they are un-oxidised h-BN grains enveloped by a layer of B2O3, consistent with the oxidation model described by Hou et al. [1].
A number of variables were then introduced with a view to understanding their influence on tool life.
It was apparent that the surface finish deteriorated after the first sample with d increasing almost linearly with consecutive sample number suggesting that scale formation is cumulative throughout a production run.

As a result of Mo enrichment, the average atomic number of σ phase was obviously greater than ferrite and austenite phase, so the brightness of σ phase was the largest and with white color.
The higher Mo content and Si content was, the easier the diffusion of a large number of Mo and Si atoms was in ferrite, which created conditions for the nucleation of σ-phase [22-24].
Santos, Effect of aging temperature and time on secondary phase precipitation and texture in an ultrafine grained 2205 duplex stainless steel after cold rolling, Mater.

C. acetobutylicum ATCC 824 was used to inoculate the medium based on hydrolysate containing 94 % (vol/vol) treated or untreated hydrolysates as the carbohydrate source and 6 % (vol/vol) brewer's grain as a source of growth substances.
However, for a successful detoxification of lignocellulosic hydrolysates it is necessary to observe a number of conditions, including specific intensity of aeration, which provides the content of oxygen 80-85 % of the saturating concentration prior to the introduction portion of toxic substances.
For more effective detoxification it is necessary to observe a number of standard conditions with periodic regeneration of the activated sludge.

And the La0.2 alloy shows a multiphase structure, including the major phase Mg2Ni, and the offwhite LaMg3 phase as well as a trace of Fig. 2 SEM images of the as-cast alloys: (a) La0 alloy, (b) La0.2 alloy, (a) La0.4 alloy, (b) La0.6 alloy black La2Mg17 phase which is found at the grain boundary.
Fig .4 exhibits the evolution of the capacity retaining rates (Sn) of the as-cast and spun (20 m/s) alloys with the cycle number.
The smaller the slope of the curve suggests the better the cycle Fig. 4 Evolution of the capacity retaining rate (Sn) of the alloys with cycle number:(a) as-cast, (b) as-spun (20 m/s) Fig. 5 Evolution of the capacity retaining rate (S20) of the alloys at 20th cycle with La content stability of the alloy.

In the experiment, the paraffin and the corn grain with the diameter 3 mm are respectively used to simulate DRI, coke and lump coal.
Similarly, the blast volume of model is calculated by using the Froude number[6,7].
For this reason, it was necessary to develop a special algorithm that would work with the number of pixels of each color (histogram) associated with the image and their spatial distribution.