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As the rule, the final delays of works are taken into account upon their actual occurrence, and eventually, are penalized with the financial sanctions [3] entailing reduction of profits.
Both ratios shown in the article identify costs reduction as time duration of work increases.
Then one can obtain the equation for the discounted factor and the tangent as follows: (4) (5) The third diagram, marked with the letter g, makes a model of the curve of the time coordinates in such a way that the distance between the curve and the tangent equals to the discount factor value (6) As a result the visual data display obtained above can be characterized as the space-cost analogy (SCA).

The reduction in the leakage current is predominantly attributable to a decrease in the carrier density of NC-FeSi2 films at low temperatures.
This might be because of an increase in ideality factor and reduction in carrier concentrations in NC-FeSi2 films at low temperatures [14].
Rodrigues, Extraction of Schottky diode parameters from current-voltage data for a chemical-vapor-deposited diamond/silicon structure over a wide temperature range, J.

Boeing 767 jumbo jet abroad has used of advanced composite materials as the main bearing components, it has improved the flight performance at the same time its weight reduction[1].
Antonio F.Avila has predicted the mechanics behaviors properties for SCS/Ti-15-3-6 by using macro-microscopic integration model and has applied to calculate the strength of turbine blades, then compared with metal blade strength calculation.Lu Shan has put forward for designing and optimization method for composite main shaft of aircraft engine[4], finally realizes the weight reduction of 36%.
Pointed out in this particular, because of the limitation of experimental conditions on the mechanical properties of the material test data is not sufficient, this group is actively carry out the work and so on to examine the model validation.

This problem in colloidal stability leads to significant reduction in catalytic efficiency due to effective lowering in the catalyst surface area as well as lower shelf life of the material.
(a) Zero-order, (b) first-order, and (c) second-order kinetic plots of optimized photodegradation of methyl orange using 4TP and (d) TOC reduction of MO in 1 hour The kinetic plots above have shown the fit (using Pearson’s r) of degradation data into the integrated rate laws: zero, first, and second order.

Based on the results obtained, it was possible to develop optimal printing parameters, together with the design of the elements and subsequent post-processing in order to obtain the desired strength properties, including weight reduction of the printed element.
Based on the data, the values of the geometry dimensions were calculated, depending on the fill level and type.
Significant weight reduction is possible for elements where high strength properties are not required.

Cutting forces were measured online with a Kistler9272 piezoelectric dynamometer, a Kistler5070 multi-channel charge amplifier and computer data acquisition software.
Softening of work material and follow by a reduction in shear strength in the first deformation zone will help in removing workpiece material just at a lower cutting forces.
Decreasing in cutting forces is due to reduction in shear strength of the work material in the first deformation zone as temperature increases when cutting speed increases.

This indicated that the effective strain where localized necking started was observed to decrease with reduction in grain size under the same experimental condition.
Hence, it was believed that the nucleation of cavities in this study could markedly affect the elongation-to-failure, since the effect of stress concentration was directly 1 On the basis of previously reported data by authors [8], three regions of different slopes (m values) were identified in UFG Ti-6Al-4V alloy; region I (low strain rates, ε& < 10 -4 s-1), region II (intermediate strain rates, 10-4 s-1 ≤ ε& ≤ 2 × 10 -3 s-1) and region III (high strain rates, ε& > 2 × 10 -3 s-1 ).
Consequently, the constructed map suggested that both reduction in grain size and increase in grain misorientation led to enlarge the area within which the superplastic-diffusion growth of cavity would be relevant at the onset of superplastic deformation, which was in line with higher elongations-to-failure via ECAP processing.

This reduction decreased the computational resources required for analysis, allowing the mesh size to be refined for better alignment with the pinching edge.
Despite this reduction, the deformation of the parison into the pocket remained unchanged, as represented by the contact status in Fig. 3(b).
The standard deviation (SD) of the collected data was used as a criterion.

Then PCA dimensionality reduction is done with 288-D feature vector for fast hand detection.
Dimensionality reduction by PCA is done for HOG feature from 288 dimension to 150 dimension.
We can also find that our trajectory correct method is effective from the comparison of data in last two rows in Table.1.

These temperatures were selected to achieve fully recrystallized structures with a maximum of ductility for a stronger reduction without any intermediate annealing during the drawing process.
At each of the 34 passes, the section reduction is around 15%.
Solid lines in (b) delimit the Voronoï cells Table 1 : Data estimated from image processing of the A_CCA.