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The microscopic structure of W/O type micro-emulsion is a three-phase composition, containing the interface of surfactant and assistant surfactant, water core and continuous oil phase.
References [1] Regan B O, Grätzel M: Nature, Vol. 353(1991), p.737 [2] Yuan Zhang: Preparation and properties study of nano-TiO2 films in dye- sensitized solar cells(2007), (in Chinese)Hebei University of technology, Tianjin [3] Jianhua Gao, Weijun Qian: Physical and chemical test-physical volume, (in Chinese)Vol. 44(2008), p. 431 [4] Grätzel M: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology Chemistry, Vol. 164(2004), p. 3 [5] Grätzel M: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, Vol. 22(2003), p.7 [6] Chavadej, S: Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol. 137(2008), p. 489 [7] Cong, Y: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 111(2007), p. 6976 [8] Chen, D:Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 46(2007), p. 2741 [9] Tian, H: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 114(2010), p. 1627 [10] Hernández-Alonso, M.D: Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 19(2007), p. 4283 [11] Li, T.C: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 113(2009), p. 18385 [12] Shankar, K: Langmuir, Vol. 23(2009

Food Chemistry Vol. 112(2009), p112-119 [3] Kristinsson, H.
Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry Vol. 51 (2003), p7187-7196 [4] Kristinsson, H.
Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry Vol. 51 (2003), p5103-5110 [5] Choi, Y.
Food Chemistry Vol. 110 (2008), p310-318 [10] Lim T.
Food Chemistry Vol. 77 (2002), p377-385 [13] Laemmli UK.

Patil*, Sharekh Shaikh Department of Chemistry, Dr.
But SZ have been extensively used in organic chemistry from last two decades.
These methods help to understand the catalyst structure and the exact role of sulfate promoter on the catalytic activity.
TEM results for catalyst calcined at 500 °C shows disordered structure with a number of wormhole-like and interconnected channels; for catalyst calcined at 700 °C shows nanocrystallines of ZrO2, the diameters of particles were 15-30 nm.
Lercher, Chemistry and Technology of Isobutane/Alkene Alkylation Catalyzed by Liquid and Solid Acids, Adv.

This scientific field investigates the relationship between the structure of materials at atomic or molecular scales and their macroscopic properties.
It incorporates elements of applied physics and chemistry.
Energy engineering combines knowledge from the fields of physics, math, and chemistry with economic and environmental engineering practices.

By X-ray diffraction (XRD), the phase transformation of nano-structured TiO2 in composites was determined.
The influence of the structure on photocatalysis efficiency was discussed.
By contrast with that of pure TiO2 nanoparticles, the special structure of TiO2/MWNT composite could remarkably improve the efficiency of the photocatalytic reaction.
TiO2 has three main crystal structures [5]: brookit, anatase and rutile; Anatase crystalline form of titania has been found to be the most active photocatalyst [6].
Conclusions TiO2/MWNTs composite has been successfully prepared by a wet chemistry route with hydrolysis of titanium alkoxide.

Gonçalves1,e 1 Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal 2 Department of Physics, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal a ana.coelho@dq.ua.pt, bpbrandao@dq.ua.pt, cantonio@fis.ua.pt, drocha@dq.ua.pt, e igoncalves@dq.ua.pt Keywords: ion-exchange, ETS-10, ferricinium cation, host-guest chemistry, microwave irradiation.
Introduction ETS-10 (Engelhard titanosilicate structure 10) is a widely known titanosilicate.
Its structure consists of interconnected octahedral titanium and tetrahedral silicon.
The 3- dimensional wide-pore structure consists of 12-, 7- and 3- membered rings with a maximum diameter defined by 12-ring apertures of 0.8 × 0.5 nm [1].
A characterisation of the effects of ion exchange on the structure of ETS-10 will be discussed in this contribution.

Peaks in the range of 400 ~ 800 cm-1 are the characteristics of Ti-O structure, which is in accordance with the XRD results.
Jaroniec, Journal of Physical Chemistry C 114 (2010) 13118-13125
Zhang, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 115 (2011) 4507-4515
He, Journal of Physical Chemistry C 111 (2007) 10618-10623
Zhang, Journal of Solid State Chemistry 177 (2004) 1365-1371

Efficient Synthesis, Photochromism and Holographic Optical Recording of a Photochromic Diarylethene with a Isoxazole Unit Liqin Wang1,2, Shouzhi Pu1,*, Liushui Yan2, Shiqiang Cui1 1Jiangxi Key Lab of Organic Chemistry,Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P.R.
China. 2College of Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Applied Chemistry, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330034, P.R.
The two isomers are different from each other not only in their absorption spectra, but also in many physical and chemical properties, such as geometry structure, refractive index, as well as oxidation/reduction potential, etc [3].
References [1] S.Kobatake and I.Yamashita: Tetrahedron Vol. 64 (2008),p. 7611 [2] S.Z.Pu, M.Li, C.B.Fan, G.Liu and Liang Shen: Journal of Molecular Structure Vol.919 (2009) p.100 [3] S.Z.Pu, S.S.Zhu, Y.Rao, G.Liu and H.Z.Wei: Journal of Molecular Structure Vol. 921 (2009) p.89 [4] S.Z.Pu, C.H.Zheng, Z.G.Le, G.Liu and C.B.Fan: Tetrahedron Vol. 64 (2008),p. 2576 [5] T.S.Yang, S.Z.Pu, C.B.Fan and G.Liu: Spectrochimica Acta Part A Vol. 70 (2008), p. 1065 [6]S.Z.
Yan: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry Vol. 194 (2008), p. 333 [8] M.

Introduction The rare earth complexes with fluorescence characteristic, as one of important luminescent materials the potential candidates, has intensively attracted much attention owing to its advantages, including good monochromaticity, high fluorescence intensity and long service life.It is well known that the fluorescence efficiency of rare earth ions have a close relation with ligand structure, energy level matching, energy absorption and energy transform and vibrational relaxation whthin ligand structure.
Therefore, caprolactam with rigid structure, uesed as a ligand, were coordinated with three kinds of rare earth ions by low temperature solid state method in this paper, and their composition and fluorescent properties were studied.
Structural Chemistry, Vol.50(2009),P.137 [4] E V Cherkasova, Y F Patrakov, B G Tryasunov, et al.
Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, Vol.54(2009), p.1625
Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, Vol.57 (2012), p.97 [6] P L Joseph, G Thorfinnur.

Phase morphology of the obtained polyHIPE foams showed an open cellular structure with small interconnectivity.
Morphology of the obtained polyHIPE foams showed an open cellular structure with small interconnectivity.
Cameron, Materials chemistry. 10 (2000) 2466-2472
Mondain-Monval, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 12 (2002) 1877-1880
Ferraris, Chemistry of Materials, 13 (2001) 2366-2373