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The efficiency of these instruments (reduction in energy consumption per unit of input) depending on the creating, financing and implementation of these measures.
The main objectives of the energy audit are: § obtain objective data on the amount of energy used; § definition of the criteria of energy efficiency; § definition of potential of energy saving and energy efficiency; § development of a list of energy saving and energy efficiency, evaluation of their cost.
The experience of many Russian companies shows the quality energy audits always leads to a reduction of energy consumption.

Statistics Data were reported as mean ± SD for triplicate determinations.
At pH 4.0, proteins are the lowest in solubility and lack electrostatic repulsive forces, leading to reduction in emulsion formation.
Reduction in LGC from 8% to 6% (w/v) was observed as the pH was increased to 4.0.

In semiconductor photocatalysis, the generated electron-hole pair during light absorbance is activated and participate in oxidation-reduction reactions that causes decomposition of toxic materials [12].
An anodic peak in the range -0.75 to -1.80 V was observed, this moves towards the reduction potential and decreased upon increasing the scan rate.
The experimental data was in agreement with those reported [28].

The data and statistical outliers are shown as points.
The reduction of degradation for the rightmost 10 wafers in Fig. 2 is due to eliminating process-induced exacerbation by non-optimized oxidation and passivation steps.
Hence the remaining most effective measure is a reduction of the etch-pit density defects of the substrate starting material.

It has advantages over petrochemicals, which include biodegradability, reduction of most regulated exhaust emissions [1, 3, 4], and safer handling due to higher flash point [3], inherent lubricity [1, 3, 5], renewability, domestic origin and compatibility with the existing fuel distribution infrastructure [1].
The use of ultra-low sulphur diesels are now being used due to reduced sulphur dioxide emitted but causes a reduction in lubrication.
The GC-MS machine consisted of a Varian CP-3800 Gas chromatograph connected to a Varian 1200 Quadrupole MS/MS and a computer which uses a galaxie chromatography data system.

The pressure reduction from the expansion valve is 18 to 2 bar with equivalent reduction of refrigerant temperature to -190C while the solution pump increased the pressure back to 18 bar.
[18] Mokhtar, M., et al., Systematic comprehensive techno-economic assessment of solar cooling technologies using location-specific climate data.

HPC finds its application in scenarios where the weight reduction of a structure is critical or when architectural designs call for smaller, thinner load-bearing structural elements to achieve the desired aesthetic appeal.
However, a reduction in cracking can increase frost resistance.
Properties of prepared concretes w/c [-] 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.30 0.30 Liapor [%] 0 0 0 10 20 Volume density [kgm-3] foil 2250 ± 7 2324 ± 4 2369 ± 8 2277 ± 13 2202 ± 12 water 2299 ± 15 2365 ± 14 2384 ± 4 2277 ± 9 2197 ± 13 Flexural strength [MPa] foil 8.0 ± 0.2 9.1 ± 0.3 11.8 ± 0.3 9.7 ± 0.1 7.9 ± 0.2 water 8.2 ± 0.2 9.1 ± 0.5 10.2 ± 0.4 9.5 ± 0.4 8.6 ± 0.2 Compressive strength [MPa] foil 53.8 ± 1.7 70.3 ± 1.9 88.3 ± 2.3 71.5 ± 3.2 63.1 ± 2.8 water 53.7 ± 1.0 69.2 ± 1.1 86.1 ± 3.5 73.2 ± 2.3 69.5 ± 4.1 Modulus of elasticity [GPa] foil 34.9± 0.6 39.0 ± 0.3 42.6 ± 0.2 40.4 ± 0.2 37.0 ± 0.6 water 36.2 ± 0.5 42.2 ± 0.3 45.3 ± 0.5 41.2 ± 0.4 37.4 ± 0.7 The data shows an increase in volume density with the decreasing w/c value.

In their model, the only driving force for GB self-diffusion was the reduction of elastic strain energy of the film.
A main component of the driving force for GB interdiffusion is the reduction of the chemical Gibbs free energy of the intermixing components due to formation of solid solution in the GB.
Kaur I, Gust W, Kozma L (1989) Handbook of grain and interphase boundary diffusion data, Ziegler Press, Stuttgart, Germany.

Such waste materials containing high metal concentrations (S, C, V, Fe, Ni, Si) may be considered an alternative serving as secondary raw materials with a consequent reduction in demand for primary mineral resources and cost reduction in acquiring a new catalyst [4,5].
An ANOVA analysis showed a significant difference in only one group (A) represented by solid percentage data, with a value of 0.0632.

Chemical composition of QD and FA determined by XRF analysis, particle size data from laser diffraction and specific gravity by means of LeChatelier’s flask measurements.
An additional explanation for this finding might be the reduction in the water to solids weight ratio, as presented in Table 3.
A minor reduction in the heat evolution as the result of QD addition appears at the later reaction times, perhaps due to changes in the specific heat capacities of the materials.