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Online since: October 2012
Authors: Ling Yu, Cong Cheng, Liu Jie Chen
This method is finally verified by a series of experimental data of three-story building structure made in Los Alamos National Laboratory USA.
Its merits are explained and compared by using a series of experimental data of three-story building structure made in Los Alamos National Laboratory USA.
Because of linear ARMA model can not extract nonlinear data, so the volatility of innovationswill increase when there is nonlinear damage in structures.
A series of experimental data of three-story building structure made in Los Alamos National Laboratory USA are adopted to evaluate the effectiveness of the new method.
Figuerias, et al: Structural health monitoring algorithm comparisons using standard data sets.
Its merits are explained and compared by using a series of experimental data of three-story building structure made in Los Alamos National Laboratory USA.
Because of linear ARMA model can not extract nonlinear data, so the volatility of innovationswill increase when there is nonlinear damage in structures.
A series of experimental data of three-story building structure made in Los Alamos National Laboratory USA are adopted to evaluate the effectiveness of the new method.
Figuerias, et al: Structural health monitoring algorithm comparisons using standard data sets.
Online since: July 2012
Authors: Claus Peter Fritzen, Peter Kraemer, Inka Buethe
The reduction of Ni is comparable to the reduction of α(t) to gain rough and fine training.
Data, fitting with the map’s training data, are located at a specific place on the map and the BMU is similar to the compared data point.
The measured data was used for extracting features with the help of a data analysis, without using a physical model.
Two additional outliers can be seen in the group of data from the undamaged structure when comparing new data with the map.
Figure 8: Comparison of data of a second sensor (C) with an existing SOM trained with data of a sensor (T) shown in Fig. 7 Almost all data of the damaged structure are located in one node, belonging to the group of sensor breakage, while three nodes belonging to the group of broken test data are not covered by any data point of the comparisons data sets.
Data, fitting with the map’s training data, are located at a specific place on the map and the BMU is similar to the compared data point.
The measured data was used for extracting features with the help of a data analysis, without using a physical model.
Two additional outliers can be seen in the group of data from the undamaged structure when comparing new data with the map.
Figure 8: Comparison of data of a second sensor (C) with an existing SOM trained with data of a sensor (T) shown in Fig. 7 Almost all data of the damaged structure are located in one node, belonging to the group of sensor breakage, while three nodes belonging to the group of broken test data are not covered by any data point of the comparisons data sets.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Xue Jing Zheng, Shu Hao Huo, Zhao Qin Ma
The side stream lime softening treatment system is energy saving and discharge reduction.
Water quality data of municipal reclaimed water, reservoir water and the mixed water are shown in Table 1.
The data indicate that Scheme I has the advantages of less investment, lower operation cost, minor land occupation, and minimum wastewater yield, so the side stream lime softening treatment system of recirculating cooling water is an optimal one.
The data indicate that the important index of COD, BOD, SS, NH4-N, Calcium Hardness, M Alkalinity and etc. are reduced significantly after treated by side stream lime softening treatment system.
In a word, the side stream lime softening treatment system is energy saving and discharge reduction.
Water quality data of municipal reclaimed water, reservoir water and the mixed water are shown in Table 1.
The data indicate that Scheme I has the advantages of less investment, lower operation cost, minor land occupation, and minimum wastewater yield, so the side stream lime softening treatment system of recirculating cooling water is an optimal one.
The data indicate that the important index of COD, BOD, SS, NH4-N, Calcium Hardness, M Alkalinity and etc. are reduced significantly after treated by side stream lime softening treatment system.
In a word, the side stream lime softening treatment system is energy saving and discharge reduction.
Online since: March 2013
Authors: Ding Hui Wang, Shou Heng Zhang, Ling Yu Kong, Bao Min Sun, Bin Yang
Flue gas denitration includes selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) while denitration of combustion process in furnace includes advanced reburn, shade combustion and low oxygen combustion.
Fig.1 Artificial neural network diagram Based on the neural network into bayesian normalization method and LM algorithm,this paper improves the BP neural network, so as to speed up the convergence speed and improve the generalization ability.So it achieves better prediction effect.This paper divided the collected data into the training sample data and validation sample data.
Using the training sample data,this paper trains the best neural network model, and then verifies sample data to validate it. 2 Calculation A 600 MW boiler which is subcritical pressure intermediate a reheat control cycle furnace, single furnace ∏ type half open layout.The width of the furnace is 19558mm,the depth is 16940.5mm,the top level of the furnace is 73000mm,the drum centerline level is 74000mm,the Roof plate beam bottom elevation is 81500mm.
The data is divided into training samples and validation samples,uses the artificial neural network model estiblished in the front to train the training samples, and then use the data in the validation sample to verify the predicted results of the artificial neural network model.
The veryfication data are shown in Table 3.
Fig.1 Artificial neural network diagram Based on the neural network into bayesian normalization method and LM algorithm,this paper improves the BP neural network, so as to speed up the convergence speed and improve the generalization ability.So it achieves better prediction effect.This paper divided the collected data into the training sample data and validation sample data.
Using the training sample data,this paper trains the best neural network model, and then verifies sample data to validate it. 2 Calculation A 600 MW boiler which is subcritical pressure intermediate a reheat control cycle furnace, single furnace ∏ type half open layout.The width of the furnace is 19558mm,the depth is 16940.5mm,the top level of the furnace is 73000mm,the drum centerline level is 74000mm,the Roof plate beam bottom elevation is 81500mm.
The data is divided into training samples and validation samples,uses the artificial neural network model estiblished in the front to train the training samples, and then use the data in the validation sample to verify the predicted results of the artificial neural network model.
The veryfication data are shown in Table 3.
Online since: December 2010
Authors: Bing Yang, Wen Liu, Yan Liu, Xiao Pai Zhang
The noise of the reducer under different work conditions is measured with the SQLabⅡ data acquisition recorder and the collected data are analyzed through Artemis software.
The noise of the reducer is measured with the SQLabⅡ data acquisition front ends and the data are analyzed by the use of Artemis software.
The noise signals of the two microphones are collected synchronously through the data acquisition recorder.
And the most effective method of noise control is the reduction of the noise at its source.
The noise of the reducer under different work conditions is measured with the SQLabⅡ data acquisition recorder and the collected data are analyzed through Artemis software.
The noise of the reducer is measured with the SQLabⅡ data acquisition front ends and the data are analyzed by the use of Artemis software.
The noise signals of the two microphones are collected synchronously through the data acquisition recorder.
And the most effective method of noise control is the reduction of the noise at its source.
The noise of the reducer under different work conditions is measured with the SQLabⅡ data acquisition recorder and the collected data are analyzed through Artemis software.
Online since: December 2011
Authors: Jian Wei Huang
Such ERF factor is still lack of confidence to concrete industry prior to deliberate calibrations with in-field real time data.
To account for the structural ductility, strength reduction factor Φ shall be applied to nominal moment Mn depending on the reinforcement ratio, as specified in ACI 440.1R-06 Eq. (8-7) as below.
Since top GFRP bars in bridge deck are more likely to be exposed to environmental attacks, stresses in top bars are investigated for both environmental reduction factors CE= 0.8 and CE= 0.7.
Per ACI 440 design guideline, environmental reduction factor CE is recommended as of 0.8 and 0.7 for applications not exposed and exposed, respectively, to weather and earth.
[6] Huang, J. and Aboutaha, R., “Environmental Reduction Factors for GFRP Bars Used as Concrete Reinforcement: New Scientific Approach,” J. of Composites for Construction, ASCE, Vol. 14, Issue 5 (2010b), pp479-486
To account for the structural ductility, strength reduction factor Φ shall be applied to nominal moment Mn depending on the reinforcement ratio, as specified in ACI 440.1R-06 Eq. (8-7) as below.
Since top GFRP bars in bridge deck are more likely to be exposed to environmental attacks, stresses in top bars are investigated for both environmental reduction factors CE= 0.8 and CE= 0.7.
Per ACI 440 design guideline, environmental reduction factor CE is recommended as of 0.8 and 0.7 for applications not exposed and exposed, respectively, to weather and earth.
[6] Huang, J. and Aboutaha, R., “Environmental Reduction Factors for GFRP Bars Used as Concrete Reinforcement: New Scientific Approach,” J. of Composites for Construction, ASCE, Vol. 14, Issue 5 (2010b), pp479-486
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Seung Joe Yoon, Jae Ho Jung, Young Min Kim
In addition, since the current cement manufacturing releases 800kg CO2/ton of cement, carbon dioxide reduction measures are urgently required.
Inorganic powder characteristics Segment Diameter (㎛) Chemical composition SiO2 CaO Al2O3 MgO SO3 Fe2O3 Na2O BFS 15.4 29.4 40.2 15.4 7.9 4.4 0.5 0.22 FA 31.2 52.2 8.76 21.7 2.0 0.8 8.9 1.42 RL 7.0 12.2 73.8 5.1 2.2 0.6 2.8 1.53 SL 15.2 1.16 95.0 0.33 1.78 0.69 0.45 0.09 NS 207.8 0.03 0.14 0.01 0.14 51.8 0.00 46.6 Experimental methods.In this study, we measured the compressive strength of specimens of 40mm × 40mm × 160mm after mixing mortar based on KS L 150 679 and conducted pH measurement based on KS F 2103 by collection specimens after measurement of the compressive strength by material age[3].For calculation of carbon dioxide emissions by the powder type, national LCI data of Korea Environmental Industry & Technology was utilized.
The pH reduction rate was significantly high when GTB was added.
Carbon dioxide reductions.A comparative analysis was conducted to examine the carbon dioxide emissions occurred in manufacturing 1 ton of non-cement type powder, and based on this, the amount of carbon dioxide reduction was deduced as follows.
However, it is necessary to add admixture to complement the problems of reduction in strength development due to reduction of hydration products caused by dissociation reaction, and the use of low W/B and admixture for high strength needs to be taken into account.
Inorganic powder characteristics Segment Diameter (㎛) Chemical composition SiO2 CaO Al2O3 MgO SO3 Fe2O3 Na2O BFS 15.4 29.4 40.2 15.4 7.9 4.4 0.5 0.22 FA 31.2 52.2 8.76 21.7 2.0 0.8 8.9 1.42 RL 7.0 12.2 73.8 5.1 2.2 0.6 2.8 1.53 SL 15.2 1.16 95.0 0.33 1.78 0.69 0.45 0.09 NS 207.8 0.03 0.14 0.01 0.14 51.8 0.00 46.6 Experimental methods.In this study, we measured the compressive strength of specimens of 40mm × 40mm × 160mm after mixing mortar based on KS L 150 679 and conducted pH measurement based on KS F 2103 by collection specimens after measurement of the compressive strength by material age[3].For calculation of carbon dioxide emissions by the powder type, national LCI data of Korea Environmental Industry & Technology was utilized.
The pH reduction rate was significantly high when GTB was added.
Carbon dioxide reductions.A comparative analysis was conducted to examine the carbon dioxide emissions occurred in manufacturing 1 ton of non-cement type powder, and based on this, the amount of carbon dioxide reduction was deduced as follows.
However, it is necessary to add admixture to complement the problems of reduction in strength development due to reduction of hydration products caused by dissociation reaction, and the use of low W/B and admixture for high strength needs to be taken into account.
Online since: May 2016
Authors: Robert E. Stahlbush, Eugene A. Imhoff, M.J. Tadjer, Nadeemullah A. Mahadik, G.E. Ruland, C.A. Affouda
For the 1950 oC/10min anneal, a 3x reduction in BPD density was observed.
The third factor would be the annealing-induced reduction in the BPDs for this study.
For the samples annealed at 1950 oC, ~3X reduction was observed.
Using the derived BPD reducing fractions from our computation, the BPD density data for each of the two wafers was normalized, with the highest density for each wafer being 1.
We observed no significant reduction in BPDs for annealing at 1750 oC.
The third factor would be the annealing-induced reduction in the BPDs for this study.
For the samples annealed at 1950 oC, ~3X reduction was observed.
Using the derived BPD reducing fractions from our computation, the BPD density data for each of the two wafers was normalized, with the highest density for each wafer being 1.
We observed no significant reduction in BPDs for annealing at 1750 oC.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Zhi Hong Wang, Bo Xue Sun, Su Ping Cui, Fei Fei Shi, Ming Hui Fang, Ming Nan Zhao
Life cycle inventory
Data collection of main processes.
The data of general cement clinker production process collected partly through interviews and site visits at local enterprises.
A consistent set of data on energy consumption and material inputs were obtained by sending them a standardized questionnaire.
Limestone is the major raw material in cement production, all data on limestone mining adopt the data from Zhou [9], and the data on clay mining and sandstone mining was obtained from Simapro.6.
The data of coal mining refers to the achievements of Yang and Yuan [11, 12].
The data of general cement clinker production process collected partly through interviews and site visits at local enterprises.
A consistent set of data on energy consumption and material inputs were obtained by sending them a standardized questionnaire.
Limestone is the major raw material in cement production, all data on limestone mining adopt the data from Zhou [9], and the data on clay mining and sandstone mining was obtained from Simapro.6.
The data of coal mining refers to the achievements of Yang and Yuan [11, 12].
Online since: September 2019
Authors: Khanh Duong Quang, Huong Vuong Thi, Anh Luu Van
For the -th peak of the damped amplitude the formula for damping ratio is given by:
(10)
The analytically preliminary equations 7, 8, 9, 10 are used later to identify the damping ratio and the damped period with the data obtained from the measurements.
2.2.
The measured data are processed by the ACCOM evaluation software with the accuracy of 2.
The data were measured at the sampling period of .
The output data was saved by selecting the sampling rate of 400Hz and the linear acceleration full scale of.
Fig. 5 Measured accelerations for the axis drive Fig. 6 Measured accelerations for the axis drive The raw data are transferred from the device to the host through the Virtual COM port.
The measured data are processed by the ACCOM evaluation software with the accuracy of 2.
The data were measured at the sampling period of .
The output data was saved by selecting the sampling rate of 400Hz and the linear acceleration full scale of.
Fig. 5 Measured accelerations for the axis drive Fig. 6 Measured accelerations for the axis drive The raw data are transferred from the device to the host through the Virtual COM port.