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As they are also exceptionally durable responders to water chemistry, such as the temperature, conductivity or ionic composition[4], and alkalinity.
Combined with the data of figure 5 and the standard of evaluation of water quality, we can conclude that, the water in the upper reaches was in the status of cleaning and balanced structure of ecology with proper portion of different kinds of genus,whereas the lower reaches of Han River was in the status of eutrophication with less genus and species but a great deal of biomass as well as the reaches of Yangtze River,especially in the reaches of Wuhan.And we implied that more genus and fewer species with abundant biomass continually indicated the eutrophication of water, and vice versa.The species of Cyclotella meneghiniana, Stephanodiscus parvus,Navicula subminiscula manifested to be enormously useful indicators for the outbreak of River's eutrophication in the middle reaches of Yangtze River and the Han River.
[9] DENG hong-ping, community structure of diatom in Nanchong Section of Jialing River and analysis of its water environment , , 2008, 4th, p 586-590

In addition, according to the previous literature, when the CNTs concentration lies in the percolation threshold, range the electrical conductivity of the CNTs composite will be significantly influenced by the CNTs network structure, compared with those with higher CNTs concentration [14].
Prato: Journal of materials chemistry, Vol. 14 (2004), p. 437
Liu: Composite Structures, Vol. 159 (2017), p. 761

Nonmetallic inclusions are heterogeneous in nature with respect to shape (angular or spherical particles) and chemistry (multiphase particles) as a result of the complex alloying systems involved [18].
The microstructure of base metal shows a ferrito-pearlitic structure [6].The microstructures of the fusion zone (P1, P2 and P3) for each flux consist mainly of acicular ferrite (AF).
Atoui, Effects of Cellulosic and Basic Flux on the Structure, Composition and Hardness of SMAW Welds on Steel X42, International Journal of Engineering Research, 27(2016)11-19

Around 740 oC muscovite and chlinoclore lose their lattice structures.
Also, changes in lattice structure in muscovite and chlinoclore were observed at 740oC.
In: 44th World Chemistry Congress, Istanbul, 2013

Experimental Procedure The chemistry of the investigated steels is given in Table 1.
The grain structure of Steel A is the coarsest of all the steels, whilst that of steel C is generally the finest.
These results are consistent with what Gao and Baker [3] found in their study showing that Al-V-N steels always had a coarser grain structure than Al-V-Ti-N steels because the latter forms stable TiN which is a more effective pinning precipitate in austenite than both VN and AlN.

Introduction Aluminium alloys are the predominant materials in outdoor structures like electrical cabling, in aircraft industries and in ventilation system such as in heat exchanger production.
Frost formation and frost accretion is related to the wettability of a surface, which can be described by the contact angle that a liquid droplet form on the solid surface, is related to the surface morphology and surface chemistry[5][6][7][8].
This observation was in line with the other observations and also in line with other clean metal surfaces,[23][24].Due to its high roughness and the air pocket structure in its surface, it follows the Cassie-Baxtermodel and has a large contact angle.

Chemical Reduction Behaviour of NiO under Various Concentration of Carbon Monoxide Using TPR and XRD Techniques Salma SAMIDIN1,a,*, Maratun Najiha ABU TAHARI1,b, Siti Sarahah SULHADI1,c, Fairous SALLEH1,d, Norliza DZAKARIA2,e, Wan Nor Roslam WAN ISAHAK3,f, Muhammad Rahimi YUSOP1,g, and Mohd Ambar YARMO1,h,* 1Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia 2School of Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, Pekan Parit Tinggi, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia 3Department of Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan asalmasamidin@ymail.com, bmaratunnajiha@gmail.com, csitisarahahsulhadi@gmail.com, dfairoussalleh@gmail.com, enorlizadzakaria75@gmail.com, fwannorroslam@ukm.edu.my, grahimi@ukm.edu.my hambar@
Degree of diffraction was analyzed in the range 2θ = 10° to 80° at λ=0.154 nm to detect the lattice parameters of the structures.
The crystalline NiO structure showed a diffraction peak at 37.30°, 43.20°, 62.90°, 75.44° and 79.30° [7].

Current Transport Mechanisms in Au-Free Metallizations for CMOS Compatible GaN HEMT Technology Fabrizio Roccaforte1,a*, Monia Spera1,2,3,b, Salvatore Di Franco1,c, Raffaella Lo Nigro1,d, Patrick Fiorenza1,e, Filippo Giannazzo1,f, Ferdinando Iucolano4,g, Giuseppe Greco1,h 1Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi (CNR-IMM), Strada VIII, n.5 Zona Industriale, 95121 Catania, Italy 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 64, 95123, Catania, Italy 3Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi, 36, 90123, Palermo, Italy 4STMicroelectronics, Stradale Primosole 50, 95121 Catania, Italy afabrizio.roccaforte@imm.cnr.it, bmonia.spera@imm.cnr.it, csalvatore.difranco@imm.cnr.it, draffaella.lonigro@imm.cnr.it, epatrick.fiorenza@imm.cnr.it, ffilippo.giannazzo@imm.cnr.it, gferdinando.iucolano@st.com, hgiuseppe.greco@imm.cnr.it *Corresponding author Keywords: Gallium Nitride,
Transmission Line Model (TLM) structures [23] have been fabricated using optical lithography and lift-off.
The TLM structures were rectangular pads (100 µm ´ 200 µm), placed at variable distances d between 20 and 100 µm.

Remøe1,a *, Knut Marthinsen1,b, Ida Westermann1,c, Ketill Pedersen2,d, Jostein Røyset3,e, and Oddvin Reiso3,e 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway 2SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway 3Hydro Aluminium RTD Sunndal, NO-6600 Sunndalsøra, Trondheim, Norway amagnus.s.remoe@ntnu.no, bknut.marthinsen@ntnu.no, cida.westermann@ntnu.no, djostein.royset@hydro.com, eoddvin.reiso@hydro.com Keywords: extrusion, homogenisation, heating rate, Mn-dispersoids, number density, spatial distribution, scanning electron microscopy.
There tends to be a higher density of dispersoids near the grain boundaries than in the centre of the grains, and this non-uniformity is found to be due to the presence of the cored dendritic structure after casting[4, 6], as there is not enough time to level out the microsegregations through diffusion before nucleation begins.
[8] Tanja Pettersen, Yan Jun Li, Effect of changing homogenization treatment on the particle structure in Mn-containing aluminium alloys, Trond Furu and Knut Marthinsen, Materials Science Forum. 558 (2007) 301-306.

Hot Deformation Behavior of 980MPa δ-TRIP Steel Jian Fu1,a, Peng Chen2,b and Hongliang Yi1,c* 1The State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China 2Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China a1870287@stu.neu.edu.cn, bchenpeng@mail.neu.edu.cn, chlyi@ral.neu.edu.cn Keywords: δ-TRIP steel; Hot deformation; Re-crystallization; Activation energy; Flow stress Abstract.
The δ-TRIP steel, with a multi-phase structure of ferrite, bainite and retained austenite, possess a good combination of strength and ductility, good formability and resistance spot weldability [3,4].
Tegart, Strength and structure under hot-working conditions, J.