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The structure, composition, crystal, and the Particle size has been characterized by XRD and SEM.
The results confirmed that compare with higher concentration of phosphoric acid，the catalyst that were made with lower concentration phosphoric acid had the low average valence, greater specific surface area, better crystallinity, and more compact structure.
And discuss the impact of phosphoric acid concentration on the average valence of VPO catalysts and the spatial structure.
Fig.3.2 The XRD patterns of catalyst precursor under different phosphate concentrations Shown in Figure 3.2, uses XRD to investigate the structure of the catalyst precursor prepared under different concentration of phosphoric acid.It can be found that the main components of catalyst precursor was VOHPO4 • 0.5H2O.
[9]Nakamura, M, Kauai, K, Fajiwara Y, The structure and the activity of vanadyl phosphate catalysts, J.Catal, 2004,34: 345~355 [10]Poli G, Resta I, Ruggeri O, et al, The chemistry of catalysts based on vanadium-pho-sphorous oxides: Note II The role of the method of preparation,Appl.Catal,2001,1:395~404

Preparation and structure of BiVO4-graphene composites Bin Zhang1,a, Yaling Wang1,b, Langhuan Huang1,c, Shaozao Tan1,d 1Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China a 441447308@qq.com, b 719658033@qq.com, c 1661174226@qq.com, d tanshaozao@163.com Keywords: BiVO4-graphene composites, preparation, structure Abstract.
BiVO4-graphene composites were prepared through a one-pot hydrothermal synthesis method, and the structure were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron emission spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Transmission electron microscope (TEM).
Herein, We present an easy and general method to prepare BiVO4-graphene composites by a one-pot hydrothermal reaction using graphene oxide, Bi(NO3)3.5H2O and NH4VO3 as starting materals, and the structure were investigated.

Microwave-assisted preparation of PS phase-change microcapsules Guxia Wang1, 2, a Shengwei Guo1, b and Weibing Xu2, c 1College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Beifang University of Nationalities, Yinchuan 750021, China 2School of Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China aguxia511@163.com, bfeidehai@163.com, cweibingxu@hfut.edu.cn Keywords: microwave-assisted, phase-change, microcapsules Abstract.
FTIR and DSC were employed to characterize the structure, the phase transition temperature and latent heat.
The equipment employed in this research is a MAS Ⅱmicrowave synthesis system (Shanghai Xinyi Microwave Chemistry Technology Co., Ltd.).
The results showed that there wasn’t the structure of unsaturated double bond.

Synthesis and Characterization of A New Organic Photochromic Function Material Liu Guangfei 1,a , Liu Lang 1,b , Jia Dianzeng 1,c* , Hu Xin 1,d, Yu Kaibei2,e , 1 Institute of Applied Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang Province, China 2 Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China a lgf0209@163.com, c jdz@xju.edu.cn Keywords: pyrazolone, single crystal, photochromism.
The structure of PM4FBP-TSC was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction.
X-ray data collection, structure solution and refinement.
The crystal structure analysis in the previous section showed that the colored compound is the keto form.
In the crystal structure, an intermolecular hydrogen bond [N(2)-H…O] exists between neighboring molecules.

The relationship between the oxygen sensing properties and structure has also been discussed.
The influences of structures, microstructures, and compositions of the SO42-/ LaCoFeO4 oxygen sensing properties have been measured [6,11].
Superacid of effect on the structure.
The result of X-ray, BET, IR and XPS showed that superacid influenced greatly the structure of crystalline phase, the specific surface, surface chemistry state.
This further shows that the surface of LaCoFeO4 and SO4-2 had an inorganic bidentate structure.

The orthorhombic crystalline structure with JCPDS number 53-1891 is inferred from the XRD pattern of PANI.
Polymer particles of rod like structures are inferred from HRTEM image of PANI-MnO2.
Also, it is observed that MnO2 nanoparticles had been entrenched on the surface of the PANI structure, which concludes that both MnO2 and PANI particles interact with each other.
Peaks observed at 1500 cm-1 and 1570 cm-1 [32] shows the stretching mode for the quinoid and benzenoid rings in the PANI structure.
Suib, Structure, Porosity, and Redox in Porous Manganese Oxide Octahedral Layer and Molecular Sieve Materials, Journal of Materials Chemistry. 18 (2008) 1623-1631

Nano-structured compositional Ni-containing coatings with Al2O3 particles [7], Teflon suspension [18] or diamond nano-particles [19] are the coatings with high wear resistance.
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They are low cost, low toxicity, have high boiling point and similar molecular weights and structure to replace n-hexane.
References [1] Green Chemistry-Green Engineering: Green Chemistry and Hazardous Organic Solvents.
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Green solvents 1: Properties and Applications in Chemistry.
J.L., Velasco J., Dobarganes M.C., Luque M.D.D.C: Food Chemistry 76, 241-248. (2002) [35] Mandal V., Yogesh M., Hemalatha S.: Pharmacognosy Reviews Vol.1, Issue 1.7-18. (2007) [36] Virot M., Valerie T., Giulio C., Franco V., Farid C.: Journal of Chromatography A, 1174, 138-144. (2007) [37] Parera J., Santos F.J., Galceran M.T.: Journal of Chromatography A, 1046, 19-26. (2004)

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Short and well controlled chemical exposure times are desired and may enable the use of more aggressive chemistries.
Test Structures for Damage Study.
The STI structures were used to investigate the effect of delay time between etch and clean on the cleaning efficiency.
Integration of etch and clean allows the use of softer cleaning chemistries and shorter exposure time, resulting in a reduced substrate loss.
Integrated clean allows for gentler chemistries and shorter cleaning times, resulting in a reduced substrate loss.