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Neduzchezhain, Production and analysis of bio-diesel from non-edible oils—A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 13 (2009) 825–834 [14] Nyoman Puspa Asri, Santi Diyah Savitri, Suprapto, Kusno Budikarjono and Achmad Roesyadi, Development of heterogeneous alumina supported base catalyst for biodiesel production, 3rd International Conference on Biology, Environment and Chemistry IPCBEE 46 (2012) 116-121 [15] Loh Soh Keang, Chao Yuen May, Cheng Sit Foon and Ma Ah Ngan, Recovery and Conversion of Palm Olein – Derived Used Frying Oil to Methyl Esters for Biodiesel, J.
Wilson, Structure-reactivity correlations in MgAl hydrotalcite catalysts for biodiesel synthesis, Applied Catalysis a-General, 287(2), (2005) 183-90 [20] K.

It is clear that gas dissolution in the oil phase weakens the gel structure of the live oils formed around pour point.
Determining Wax Precipitation Point of Crude Oil in Flowing Gas/Oil Two Phase Mixture by Using Rotating Wheel Flow Simulator, Oilfield Chemistry 17 (2000) 181-183

The structure of sample were using XL30ESEM-TMP scanning electron microscope(SEM) from Philips.
It is known that the solution pH affect both the solution chemistry and the surface binding sites of the PG.

A Review on the Glass Transition of Polymer on Surface and in the Thin Film Ran Huanga* aSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200240, China (*Corresponding to: ranhuang@sjtu.edu.cn) Key Words: Glass Transition, Thin film, Surface.
This field had been explored by Gujrati et al. to apply Ising model on a modified Bethe lattice to describe the thermodynamics of polymer systems near surface [57-61], The works provide a unique approach to understand the Tg reduction by studying the small molecules system, and it states that the dimensional and coordination number change is the general underlying reason of Tg reduction, which is regardless of the polymers’ particular structure.

., Chemistry, Emission Control, Radioactive Pollution and IAQ, Chap. 20,Mazzeo,N.
[43]Findanis, N., and Ahmed, N.A., ‘The interaction of an asymmetrical localised SJ on a side supported sphere,’ J Fluids and Structures, Vol. 24, No. 7, 2008, pp. 1006-1020 [44]Findanis, N., and Ahmed, N.A., ‘Three-dimensional flow reversal and wake characterisation of a sphere modified with active flow control using synthetic jet,’ Advances and Applications in Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2011, pp.17-76

When the Eu(TTA)3phen was added into the LDPE , these peaks are shifting towards the lower wavenumber which indicates the influence of ligand molecule toward the structure of LDPE host and the mutual interaction between them [17]. 3.2 Optical Properties of LDPE doped with Eu(TTA)3Phen Fig. 2(a).
(eds.) (1987); Handbook of the Physics and Chemistry of Rare-Earths, North-Holland, Amsterdam, Ch. 58.

When comparing rubber toughened polymers and rubberized concrete, two main differences become apparent: i) the size of the rubbery phase, which is on the order of mm in concrete and in the order of mm in polymers and ii) the structure of the interface, which in rubber toughened polymers is carefully designed,butappears to be problematic in rubberized concrete.[7]Since crack propagation causing ultimate failure in brittle materials starts at the microlevel, toughening mechanisms need to work at the microlevel.
Riew (Ed.), Advances in Chemistry Vol. 222: Rubber-Toughened Plastics, American Chemical Society 1989, pp. 15–64

., Kobe 651-2271, Japan 2 Environment and Chemistry Division, Kobelco Research Institute, Inc., Kobe 651-2271, Japan a y-aruga@kobelco.jp, b haran@kobelcokaken.co.jp, c k-kajihara@kobelco.jp Keywords: dispersoid, particle, extracted residue, recrystallization, softening behavior, Cu alloy Abstract.
The observations of structures after annealing are performed using Electron Back-Scatter diffraction Pattern (EBSP) technique.

Recently, the significance of the liquid crystalline state in the living organisms, for example, biological membranes, is widely recognized from the viewpoints of physics and chemistry of interfaces and membrane biophysics.
Within the framework of de Gennes's elastic theory [34] for layered structures such as smectic liquid crystals, the elastic distortions of the SLMs [35]as well as the plasma membranes of the RBCs on the topographic porous substrate can be well described.

Ruediger, High resolution scanning near field mapping of enhancement on SERS substrates: comparison with photoemission electron microscopy, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18 (2016) 9405–9411. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5CP08015K
Ruffino, Characteristics of Pd and Pt Nanoparticles Produced by Nanosecond Laser Irradiations of Thin Films Deposited on Topographically-Structured Transparent Conductive Oxides, Coatings 9 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings9020068