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Constitutive equation parameters were determined using experimental data of smooth specimens.
- Identification of material parameters in constitutive equations based on experimental data
Materials In present work experimental data for X10CrMoVNb-9-1 steel tested at 625 oC were used [6].
It should be noted that the experimental data should be taken in whole transition region of failure strain.
Creep curves of steel P91, T=625˚C: smooth lines – calculation results, dotted lines – experimental data [7].

Experimental results of 40 days’ fermentation showed that 0.12 gNO2--N/gVSS and 0.11 gNO3--N/gVSS, or 0.26 gNO2--N/gVSS-reduction and 0.24 gNO3--N/gVSS-reduction, could be simultaneously obtained in AFD, and it could be calculated that 37.9% of total VSS and 80.7% of VSS reduction was utilized for nitrite or nitrate removal, which suggested a good performance of denitrification driven by WAS in AFD.
Table 1 Chemical characteristics of the waste activated sludge Items1 pH SS VSS TCOD TOC SCOD NH4+-N PO43--P Value 7.45 9987.5 8855.3 12622.2 5910.9 32.6 1.65 8.5 1 Except pH, all the items’ unit is mg/L, and all data was average of five times’ test.
It could be calculated that the total removal amount was 1100 mg/L NO2--N and 1011 mg/L NO3--N in the whole 40 days fermentation time, that was 0.12 g NO2--N/g SS or 0.26 g NO2--N/g VSS-reduction, and 0.11 g NO3--N/g SS or 0.24 g NO3--N/g VSS-reduction respectively.
It should be noted that the VSS reduction in AFD was about 47% in this study (data was not shown here).
Conclusions WAS from a pilot SBR system which operated biological nitrogen removal process was used as the sole carbon source for nitrite and nitrate denitrification, results showed that a good denitrification performance could be achieved, as 0.26 gNO2--N/gVSS-reduction and 0.24 gNO3--N/gVSS-reduction in 40 days fermentation, resulting a high effectiveness of VSS utilizing for denitrification of 80.7%, which proved the feasibility to use WAS as the sole carbon for denitrification, and the VFAs was also the main electron donor for denitrification.

The existing manufacturing data were collected and interpret the information’s for identifying the gaps for productivity improvement.
After the proper literature review, observation and existing data collection is needed.
The complete shop floor data collection will be tested before it will be used for data analysis.
The problems in the work process can be identified based on the data collection and their analysis.
Current State VSM Model: The data from the shop floor and the process flow line has been analyzed.

Nine kinds of policies to achieve green development are simulated by SICGE-CEMS model  (a kind of energy economy environment hybrid model) respectively to evaluate their economic and environmental effects, which indicates that coal resources tax is the best policy to promote carbon emission reduction , oil & gas resource tax is the best policy for sulfide, nitrogen oxides emission reduction.
According to Chinese governmental plans, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide emissions in 2015 are required to fall 8%, 10% than 2010; carbon emission intensity in 2020  will decrease by 40-45% than 2005.Considering the increasing difficulty of the subsequent reduction, this paper assumes sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides reduction rates will reach 13.5%, 17.2% in 2020, and 18.6%, 25.3% in 2030, carbon emission intensity decrease rates in 2020, 2030 will reach 42.3%, 60.4% relative to 2005.
According to the prediction data from the United Nations, the population will reach 1419, 1467 million in 2020, 2030, respectively.
The same with the reference scenario Carbon emission reduction According to the simulation results of CEMS model , the carbon emission intensity will decrease 36.3%, 52.5% in 2020 2030, compared with that in 2005 According to the national planning, the carbon emission intensity will decrease 45%, 65% in 2020, 2030, compared with that in 2005 Pollutant emission reduction According to the simulation results of CEMS model, SO2, Nitrogen oxides emission in 2020 will be 10%, 13.7% lower than 2010; 13.1%, 19.8% in 2030.
Table 2 The effects of policies (percentage change relative to reference scenario) 　 Policies GDP SO2 Nitrogen oxides CO2 1 Coal resource tax (10%) -0.335 -3.562 -0.903 -6.018 2 Oil and gas resource tax (10%) -0.133 -3.648 -5.729 -1.726 3 Technology progress (1 percentage points rise in energy efficiency) 0.077 -1.171 -0.781 -1.530 4 New energy industry subsidy(0.1RMB per kWh electricity) 0.009 -0.491 -0.448 -0.530 5 Tax reduction on resource recycling industry (10 percent points of tax reduction) 0.026 -0.527 -0.229 -0.802 6 Coal consumption tax (50 RMB per ton coal equivalent) -0.187 -1.818 -0.475 -3.057 7 Oil and gas consumption tax (50 RMB per ton coal equivalent) -0.070 -0.131 -0.160 -0.104 8 Carbon tax (50 RMB per ton CO2 emissions) -0.557 -3.930 -1.661 -6.024 9 Tax reduction on environmental regulation industry(10 percent points of tax reduction) 0.005 -0.098 -0.068 -0.125 Fig. 2 The cost of CO2 mitigation Fig. 3 The cost of Nitrogen

This reduction was more severe for the shunt which was on the bus-bar compared to the edges.
Basically moderate level shunts causes reduction in fill-factor of solar cell and ultimately reduction in output power.
I0 and n were calculated from the above equation using the experimental data.
For case of sample C1, the maximum power reduction was around 2.5 %.
In case of sample C3, the power reduction was around 5.2%.

The TPR profiles showed reduction peaks of NiO species in weak interaction with the support, and reduction of nickel present in the NiAl2O4.
Then, the data were collected at fixed intervals of time (15min).
Fig. 3 shows the average crystallite size and crystallinity values taken from the XRD data for the NiAl2O4 samples.
It was observed for all samples a low temperature reduction peak at around 400°C that can be assigned to the reduction of NiO species interacting weakly with the support.
On the other hand, reduction band at 870°C is attributed to the reduction of nickel aluminate phase [14, 15].

It was found that the substitution of PMC material reinforced by an X-shaped steel frame resulted in a weight reduction effect with equivalent strength, impact characteristics and fracture property. 1.
In this paper, a 3-D stress analysis has been performed in details in the viewpoint of safe design with maximum weight reduction.
This study utilizes mechanical property data provided by Dupont.
Fabricated aspect of car seat frame before and after impact test, (a) proto type model before impact test (splitted view), (b) proto type model after impact test (down view) for automotive seat structure in order to bring weight reduction.
Weight reduction effects, as well as additional effects due to material substitution and design modification, are evaluated.

Typically, the data was collected from 10 o to 80 o (2è).
According to the data in the table, the difference of surface area between CeO2 and HZSM-5 supports is large.
Before reduction, the Ni precursor is mainly in the form of bulk NiO.
A single broad reduction peak was observed for Ni/CeO2 with a maximum at 450 oC, while the reduction peak of Ni/HZSM-5 was located at 500 oC.
According to CO-TPR test, the reduction of catalyst at 500 oC ensures NiO species being completely reduced.

This indicated the chemical bonding of phosphate component with initial silica support, which is in agreement with XRD data (Fig. 2a).
This correlates with XRD data (Fig. 2a).
This peak corresponded to silver reduction of from silver phosphates [15].
This may be associated with non-reversible reduction of a part of silver during TPR.
The reversible oxidation-reduction of silver plays a key role in heat release.

Compared with the data reported earlier[26], a good agreement was observed with 3.33% in table 2.
Each solubility data is an average value of three experimental solubility measurements.
In our study, both of these models were applied to correlate the solubility data.  
The correlation parameters of experimental data are shown in table 6.
Data. 2010, 55, 3946-3951