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This model is able to simulate the hysteretic behavior of conventional steel braces accurately.
The features of the steel brace hysteretic model include the yielding, hardening and softening behaviors when the brace is in tension, and the yielding and stiffness/strength deterioration when the brace is in compression.
The hysteretic behavior of the brace is simulated by the nonlinear flexural behavior of the plastic hinge.
Modeling the inelastic cyclic behaviour of a bracing member for work-hardening material [J].
Inelastic behavior of X-bracing in plane frames [J].

In many countries, for instance in Europe, concentric braced frames are conceived to resist seismic force by members subjected to axial force.
The response of the scientific community to the poor hysteretic behavior of conventional braces was the Buckling Restrained Brace (BRB).
Columns of the braced frames are expected to sustain large axial force during earthquake.
BRBs, beams that do not belong to the braced frame and columns C2, C3 and C4.
Piluso, Plastic design of seismic resistant V-braced frames.

Ji et al. [11] investigated the effects of continuous gravity columns on braced frame structures and concluded that sufficient number of gravity columns reduce the deformation concentration effectively.
Mahin, Experimental and Analytical Studies on the Seismic Behavior of Conventional and Hybrid Braced Frames, PEER-2013/20, Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 2013
Pister, Seismic Behavior of Concentrically Braced Frames, UCB/EERC-88/01, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 1988
Roeder, Effect of Column Stiffness on Braced Frame Seismic Behavior, J.
Nakashima, Effect of Gravity Columns on Mitigation of Drift Concentration for Braced Frames, J.

Research on the Seismic Behaviors of Link Beam for Eccentrically Braced Low Yield Point Steel Frames Haijun He1,a, Xianlei Cao2,b, Jiping Hao1 1Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, Shanxi, P.R.
Introduction Eccentrically braced steel frame is the past thirty years to develop a seismic support structure.
Eccentrically braced steel frame has the merit of concentrically braced frame, and can provide higher strength and stiffness to meet the specifications of layer displacement and lateral displacement.
K-shape eccentrically braced frame stiffness remained unchanged before yield.
When the frame reaches the limits of state, the K-shape eccentrically braced frame stiffness remains at about 41% of the initial stiffness.

As a result, the BRBs exhibit stable hysteretic behavior as well as excellent energy dissipation capacity.
To model the behavior of steel, a bilinear kinematic model is used with an elastic modulus of 2.06×105Mpa, enhancement coefficient 3%.
Application of low yield strength steel on controlled plastification ductile concentrically braced frames[J].
Seismic demands on steel braced-frame buildings with buckling-restrained braces [J].
Reducing residual drift of buckling-restrained braced frames as a dual system [J].

Seismic Performances of Buckling-Restrained Braced Steel Frames in China, Japan and US MeiLing Huang1, a, ZhaoYu Fu1,b, Enhe Bao1,c 1College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin , 541004,China a704389383@qq.com, b370331102@qq.com, cbao_enhe@126.com Keywords: steel frame; horizontal force sharing ratio β of BRB;Seismic design specification; Plastic hinge Abstract.
In order to make clear the differences of the steel frame structure of China,Japan,and the US,four kinds of multi-story steel structure buildings(namely,US1, CJ1, US2 and CJ2) were designed and compared through static nonlinear elasto-plastic analysis,where the β value of the CJ model is 30%, the β value of the US model is 80%，the correction factor of earthquake response R in the US model is 8,the enhanced coefficient of earthquake response Cd is 5.5.Where, US shows the “BRB + mostly hinge-connected steel frames” (=Braced Frame; BF) using US materials (wide-flange columns specified in ASTM, etc.), and JC shows the “BRB + all rigid-connected steel moment frames” (=Braced Frame +Moment Frame; BF+MF) using cold-formed box columns.For the equivalent seismic action of model design,code for seismic design of buildings (GB50011-2010) [5], the Japanese building code) (2000) and the International Building Code (IBC2003) are respectively selected as examples.Building site is China Beijing, fortification
The Practice and Research Development of Buckling -Restrained Braced Frames（I）[J].
The Practice and Research Development of Buckling -Restrained Braced Frames (l)[J].
Plastic Analysis on Buckling Restrained Braced Steel Frame[J].

For steel structures, rocking response has been generally used for concentrically braced frames and the behaviour of rocking steel frames with different energy dissipation mechanism has been studied experimentally through shake table tests and hybrid simulations [4-12].
The retrofit scheme consisted in modifying the braced frame columns at their bases to permit column uplift while maintaining horizontal shear resistance.
Cyclic tests performed with the energy dissipation systems confirmed the behaviour of the devices used.
Innovative viscously damped rocking braced steel frames.
[21] Qiu CX, Zhu S, “High-mode effects on seismic performance of multi-story self-centering braced steel frames”, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 119: 133-143, 2016

Study on Seismic Behavior of Steel Frame with Different Brace Patterns Yun Zoua, Tianqi Lib, Dalin Zhangc and Pengfei Zhangd School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi Jiangsu 214122, China azouyun_22@126.com, bLtq_tiger15@126.com,czhangdalin@yeah.net,dzpfzcjndx@126.com Keywords: Centrically braced steel frame, Finite element analysis, Dynamic characteristics, Time history analysis, Seismic response Abstract.
Based on structural design, time history analysis under different earth waves were made by using ANSYS to investigate the effects exerted from different pattern braces on structural stiffness.
Results showed that three different braces played an important role in strengthening structural stiffness.
For the multi-storey and high-rise buildings, whose arrangement principle and column grid dimensions correspond to frame construction approximately, setting braces in the appropriate places of the frame as the main lateral force resisting members, utilizing partition, gables, or other exterior walls, can obtain much larger stiffness of lateral force than the frame itself, which results in the significant reduction of the building's story displacement [2].
The section types of columns are square steel tube, while the sections of beams, braces and the secondary beams are H-shaped.

Analysis on Seismic Behavior of Irregular High-rise RC Structure Using Eccentrically Braces Shi Qun Guo School of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Southwest University of Science and Technology, China anova@sina.cn Key words: Irregular high-rise buildings, Eccentrically braces, Anti-seismic analysis Abstract.
Considering the uneven stiffness along the structure periphery, and no shearwall in the south side to satisfy the requirement of building elevation, the eccentrically braces are set up at frame column of the south and north elevation throughout the height of the structure.
Calculation result Modal-frequency behavior.
To a certain extent, it lowers the mass and stiffness unevenness of the original structure and therefore reduces the relative storey displacement and the torsional effect of the structure under seismic loading.
Besides, it still inherits the high stiffness and strength of concentrically braces, and high energy dissipating of frame construction.

Introduction It is a novel and good method to improve the seismic performance of frame structures using steel braces among columns.
Eccentrically braced steel frames for earthquakes.
Characteristices of eccentrically braced frames.
Experimental study on hysteretic behavior of K and Y-eccentrically braced steel frames.
Experimental study on effect of link beam web depth-thickness ratio on energy-dissipation ofY-shaped eccentrically braced steel frames.