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Online since: August 2013
Authors: Hua Bai, Si Yu Zeng, Xin Dong, Ji Ning Chen
Fig. 2Classification of city due to its urban population, annual precipitation and per capita GDP
Table 1 Brief description of the four selected study cities
City
Hangzhou
Guangzhou
Jinan
Chengdu
Per capita GNP (US$)
10,911
16,191
9,075
7,580
Urban population (106 person)
3.41
10.9
2.83
4.48
Area of built district (km2)
432.98
3843.43
355.35
483.35
Domestic water consumption (L/d/p)
254.79
225.08
136.63
178.21
Wastewater treat rate (%)
95.47
79.43
86.93
90.02
Precipitation (mm)
1728.1
1632.3
667.1
1143.4
Data collection
According to the selected substance and study cities, data collected for flows analysis of urban drainage system could be grouped into two categories: (1) data on water flows; (2) data on COD-C and TN-N flows.
Fig.3Wastewater treat rate in cities with different Per capita GDP (left) and Urban population (right) Data on residents’ daily water consumption, wastewater treat rate, annual precipitation, and area of built district were well compiled in China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook (CUCSY)[1]and China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System (Met.Data)[[] China Meteorological Administration. http://cdc.cma.gov.cn/home.do ].
In contrast, data on COD-C and TN-N flows were not available in official statistics and varied among cities, so the data sources were the targeted existing research outcomes.
Table 2 Symbols and descriptions of main flows in Figure 1 Flows Description Data source W1D, W1R Water consumption for domestic use and local precipitation CUCSY[1]; Met.Data [18]; C1D, C1R (N1D, NIR) Carbon (nitrogen) input for domestic consumption and urban storm runoff Zhang et al[[] G.
In contrast, the monitoring data of urban runoff in various cities stated that the event mean concentration (EMC) of TN was around 0.1mg/L ~ 12 mg/L [19,20,22,[] H.
Fig.3Wastewater treat rate in cities with different Per capita GDP (left) and Urban population (right) Data on residents’ daily water consumption, wastewater treat rate, annual precipitation, and area of built district were well compiled in China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook (CUCSY)[1]and China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System (Met.Data)[[] China Meteorological Administration. http://cdc.cma.gov.cn/home.do ].
In contrast, data on COD-C and TN-N flows were not available in official statistics and varied among cities, so the data sources were the targeted existing research outcomes.
Table 2 Symbols and descriptions of main flows in Figure 1 Flows Description Data source W1D, W1R Water consumption for domestic use and local precipitation CUCSY[1]; Met.Data [18]; C1D, C1R (N1D, NIR) Carbon (nitrogen) input for domestic consumption and urban storm runoff Zhang et al[[] G.
In contrast, the monitoring data of urban runoff in various cities stated that the event mean concentration (EMC) of TN was around 0.1mg/L ~ 12 mg/L [19,20,22,[] H.
Online since: June 2017
Authors: Chang Lv
For the steering drive axle of the QAY125 all terrain crane, the main parameters of the main reduction gears and drive axle housing have been designed and calculated.
Data in Table 1 formula I= 5.611 can be obtained.
For the single main reduction gear, when i0 is larger, trying to make the driving gear teeth smaller values, in order to get satisfied driving axle of clearance from the ground.
This topic main reduction gear ratio is 5.611, between 5-8, combined with Gleason recommended shown in Table 2, preliminary selected Z1 is 6, Z2 is 41.
Therefore, in this paper, calculate the driving axle of the main reduction and main parameters of axle housing of the QAY125 all terrain crane.
Data in Table 1 formula I= 5.611 can be obtained.
For the single main reduction gear, when i0 is larger, trying to make the driving gear teeth smaller values, in order to get satisfied driving axle of clearance from the ground.
This topic main reduction gear ratio is 5.611, between 5-8, combined with Gleason recommended shown in Table 2, preliminary selected Z1 is 6, Z2 is 41.
Therefore, in this paper, calculate the driving axle of the main reduction and main parameters of axle housing of the QAY125 all terrain crane.
Online since: June 2017
Authors: Hisashi Imai, Junko Umeda, Katsuyoshi Kondoh
Crystal orientation analysis on extruded materials was done by EBSD analyzer (EBSD OIM data collection 5.31: TSL).
The rolling reductions R of composite powders were shown in this figure.
The rolling reduction of 5 cycles rolling powder was calculated as 75%.
From the result of above data, it can be concluded that pure Cu surface existed on as coated Cu with CNT powder.
From the data of Ellingham diagram, Gibbs free energy of Cu2O at 1223 K is -179.9 kJ/mol [O], and that of CO2 and CO are -401.7 kJ/mol [O] and -419.7 kJ/mol [O] [8], respectively.
The rolling reductions R of composite powders were shown in this figure.
The rolling reduction of 5 cycles rolling powder was calculated as 75%.
From the result of above data, it can be concluded that pure Cu surface existed on as coated Cu with CNT powder.
From the data of Ellingham diagram, Gibbs free energy of Cu2O at 1223 K is -179.9 kJ/mol [O], and that of CO2 and CO are -401.7 kJ/mol [O] and -419.7 kJ/mol [O] [8], respectively.
Online since: March 2019
Authors: Gia Hai Vuong, Nguyen Duc Toan, Nguyen Thi Hong Minh
The data of mechanical properties measured for SS400 steel plates at various temperature conditions were recorded and analyzed.
The observation and the data were then used to setup the stress – strain – temperature relation for formability study of SS400 steel plates.
In more advanced methods, for example in finite element or finite strip analyses, it is important to use accurate material data to obtain reliable results.
To study thoroughly the behavior of certain steel structure at elevated temperatures, one should use the material data of the steel obtained by testing.
From the Fig.6 we can see that the tensile strength reduction from room temperature to 6000C.
The observation and the data were then used to setup the stress – strain – temperature relation for formability study of SS400 steel plates.
In more advanced methods, for example in finite element or finite strip analyses, it is important to use accurate material data to obtain reliable results.
To study thoroughly the behavior of certain steel structure at elevated temperatures, one should use the material data of the steel obtained by testing.
From the Fig.6 we can see that the tensile strength reduction from room temperature to 6000C.
Online since: November 2016
Authors: Kanokwan Boonritsak, Somchai Puajindanetr
Reduction of Adhesive Joining Defect in Optical Transceiver Assembly Process
Kanokwan Boonritsaka and Somchai Puajindanetrb
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering
Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand 10330
akanokwan.bo@student.chula.ac.th, bfiespj@eng.chula.ac.th
Keywords: Optical Transceiver, Adhesive Joining Defect, Flexible Printed Circuit Board
Abstract.
An optical Transceiver is a device that is used for transmitting and receiving digital data which is modulated into the light source, and also consisted of two main parts as lens (one for transmitter (Tx) and another one for receiver (Rx)) and flexible printed circuit board (FPCB).
-Position of defect in Thermal Oven Collect data 2 groups (Day and Night shift), sample 100 units for each groups to verify position.
Collect data for 5 groups (30 units per groups) condition in Table 1.
Productivity and quality improvement revenue increment and rejection cost reduction manual component insertion lines through the application of ergonomic.
An optical Transceiver is a device that is used for transmitting and receiving digital data which is modulated into the light source, and also consisted of two main parts as lens (one for transmitter (Tx) and another one for receiver (Rx)) and flexible printed circuit board (FPCB).
-Position of defect in Thermal Oven Collect data 2 groups (Day and Night shift), sample 100 units for each groups to verify position.
Collect data for 5 groups (30 units per groups) condition in Table 1.
Productivity and quality improvement revenue increment and rejection cost reduction manual component insertion lines through the application of ergonomic.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Zhi Yong Li, Ji Xiang Sun, Liang Liang Wang
Although the hyperspectral image data space is endowed with rich spectrum information, with the continuous increase of spatial resolution and spectral resolution, the data to process for each image is also increased dramatically which causes difficulty to data mining of information and data transmission.
The linear dimension reduction methods always depend on a linear projection which maps the input data into the space spaned by the most significant eigenvectors of the covariance matrix.
Then search the neighborhood of in the data set according to the Euclidean distance:
Let be the test sample set and be the reference data set.
In the RX algorithm, only the data covariance matrix is needed without any additional posteriori information.
The linear dimension reduction methods always depend on a linear projection which maps the input data into the space spaned by the most significant eigenvectors of the covariance matrix.
Then search the neighborhood of in the data set according to the Euclidean distance:
Let be the test sample set and be the reference data set.
In the RX algorithm, only the data covariance matrix is needed without any additional posteriori information.
Online since: March 2007
Authors: Brian Wilshire, H. Burt
Creep Data Rationalization for Power Plant Steels
B.
One option for long-term data prediction utilizes the Evans-Wilshire approach, termed the θ Projection Concept [5, 6].
The temperature-compensated θ2 and θ4 data values are superimposed by normalizing σ through σY (Fig. 3b) so, with M ≅ 0.03, the ε& m and tf data can be described [10] as }RT/)]/(VQ[exp{Bt/M Y * c * mf σσ−−=ε= & (5) where B* and V are constants, while *cQ is the activation energy for creep at constant (σ/σY).
Cost-Effective Acquisition of Long-Term Design Data Because tf depends inversely on ε& m, with M ≅ 0.03 [11], irrespective of whether the applied stress is normalized through σY or σTS, Eqs. 5 and 6 rationalize not only the ε& m values but also the tf data reported for 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel [10], as evident from Figs. 4 and 5.
[11] NIMS Creep Data Sheet No 9b (1990)
One option for long-term data prediction utilizes the Evans-Wilshire approach, termed the θ Projection Concept [5, 6].
The temperature-compensated θ2 and θ4 data values are superimposed by normalizing σ through σY (Fig. 3b) so, with M ≅ 0.03, the ε& m and tf data can be described [10] as }RT/)]/(VQ[exp{Bt/M Y * c * mf σσ−−=ε= & (5) where B* and V are constants, while *cQ is the activation energy for creep at constant (σ/σY).
Cost-Effective Acquisition of Long-Term Design Data Because tf depends inversely on ε& m, with M ≅ 0.03 [11], irrespective of whether the applied stress is normalized through σY or σTS, Eqs. 5 and 6 rationalize not only the ε& m values but also the tf data reported for 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel [10], as evident from Figs. 4 and 5.
[11] NIMS Creep Data Sheet No 9b (1990)
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Sen Yang, Yi Fei Ma, Yong Xiong Sun, Qiu Yang Huang, Li Peng Liu
Introduction
With the development of modern medical technology, CT, MRI and other medical imaging data plays an important role in the clinical diagnosis.
In this paper, we make images noise reduction through an anisotropic filtering algorithm which we used.
Anisotropic filtering algorithm can noise reduction while preserving edge information.
The experimental results The data of this paper comes from Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, the original images are DCM format.
Image noise reduction based on anisotropic diffusion: A survey [J].
In this paper, we make images noise reduction through an anisotropic filtering algorithm which we used.
Anisotropic filtering algorithm can noise reduction while preserving edge information.
The experimental results The data of this paper comes from Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, the original images are DCM format.
Image noise reduction based on anisotropic diffusion: A survey [J].
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Ivan Chmúrny
Computed, this represents a reduction of heat loss from the value of 242.6 kW to 92.4 kW, hence a reduction of heat loss by 61.6%.
Fig. 4 Carbon dioxide concentration in ppm in three classrooms during class Evaluation of energy consumption according to energy carriers The documentation of data on energy consumption in this analysis is based on the measured data from operation.
A presentation of the data on energy consumption in a comparison of individual years and the condition of the building in these years mainly concerns whether such a comparison of the condition makes sense, namely, if comparable data is being compared.
However, the window replacement appears in the measured data from operation.
However, we cannot separate the measured data from the operation since we do not have electricity sub meters.
Fig. 4 Carbon dioxide concentration in ppm in three classrooms during class Evaluation of energy consumption according to energy carriers The documentation of data on energy consumption in this analysis is based on the measured data from operation.
A presentation of the data on energy consumption in a comparison of individual years and the condition of the building in these years mainly concerns whether such a comparison of the condition makes sense, namely, if comparable data is being compared.
However, the window replacement appears in the measured data from operation.
However, we cannot separate the measured data from the operation since we do not have electricity sub meters.
Online since: September 2015
Authors: Yeong Maw Hwang, Tso Lun Yeh
The simulation results show that a rolling temperature of 400oC and a thickness reduction of 50% are the optimal conditions.
In this study, the flow stress curve data including peak stress and peak strain, and the strain of 50% DRX strain are applied in a DRX prediction equation by using a mathematical regression method, as shown in Table 1.
The average value of constant P can be obtained from different experimental data, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11.
In Fig. 13, due to the heat conduction effect to the roll and small thickness reduction, the DRX phenomenon is not obvious.
At a reduction of 50%, the rolled sheet underwent almost complete recrystallization.
In this study, the flow stress curve data including peak stress and peak strain, and the strain of 50% DRX strain are applied in a DRX prediction equation by using a mathematical regression method, as shown in Table 1.
The average value of constant P can be obtained from different experimental data, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11.
In Fig. 13, due to the heat conduction effect to the roll and small thickness reduction, the DRX phenomenon is not obvious.
At a reduction of 50%, the rolled sheet underwent almost complete recrystallization.