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Online since: January 2005
Authors: S. Kawi, Y.P. Tang, K. Hidajat, L.E. Yu
One option that is being intensively investigated is catalytic reduction of NO to N2
using onboard hydrocarbons in the exhaust stream [2,3].
Ceria based materials are widely used in selective catalytic reduction of NO by hydrocarbons due to their oxygen storage capacity [4-8].
The advantage of hydrothermal preparation method has been shown through selective catalytic reduction of NOx reactions.
Activity data was recorded from low temperature to high temperature.
The range of diffraction data was collected at 10-60°(2-theta), which was scanned at a rate of 6ºmin -1.
Ceria based materials are widely used in selective catalytic reduction of NO by hydrocarbons due to their oxygen storage capacity [4-8].
The advantage of hydrothermal preparation method has been shown through selective catalytic reduction of NOx reactions.
Activity data was recorded from low temperature to high temperature.
The range of diffraction data was collected at 10-60°(2-theta), which was scanned at a rate of 6ºmin -1.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Yu Lu Yang, Hua Shu Yang, Yi Wang, Xin Long Peng, Xue Peng Wang, Ying Ju Pu
Ltd. of CREEC, Kunming 650200, China
Corresponding author: Huashu Yang, E-mail: yhs005914@qq.com
Keywords: structural concrete; bearing capacity; deterioration of building; engineering indices
Abstract: Found on data of accelerated life test, the relationship between outward disease of structural concrete and holistic deterioration of building was analysed.
Outward diseases effect on buildings In order to study the relationship between surface disease and deterioration of structural concrete quality, orthogonal experiment theory was adopted, a series of mix proportion was designed in the allow range of main materials of concrete; Standard test and accelerated test which aimed at diseases such as abrasion,scour erosion and carbonization had been done by making a large number of specimen; 4 times repeated test (several days repeated test included) ,calculation of reliability and discrete error analysis had been done for every group of formula, so the data that we get could be reliable.
The factor is what leads reduction of effective cubage because of these diseases.
Permeability resistance mainly depends on the material density and pore characteristics, as well as water stop facilities between each part; Main factors of stability reduction are the reduction of compressive strength of section and bulk density; The main factor that influences the compressive ability is the reduction of intensity of concrete, plate, beam that have small size also need to consider the reduction of cross-sectional area.
The main factor that influences the tensile strength of rebar is the reduction of section due to corrosion; The main factor that influences the cohesion of concrete is the metamorphism or stripping of effective components in concrete, and it leads the reduction of tensile strength in concrete and reduction of bulk density; The factors that influence the normal operation of foundation are subsidence, abrupt stress, recombinant and seepage deformation,etc.
Outward diseases effect on buildings In order to study the relationship between surface disease and deterioration of structural concrete quality, orthogonal experiment theory was adopted, a series of mix proportion was designed in the allow range of main materials of concrete; Standard test and accelerated test which aimed at diseases such as abrasion,scour erosion and carbonization had been done by making a large number of specimen; 4 times repeated test (several days repeated test included) ,calculation of reliability and discrete error analysis had been done for every group of formula, so the data that we get could be reliable.
The factor is what leads reduction of effective cubage because of these diseases.
Permeability resistance mainly depends on the material density and pore characteristics, as well as water stop facilities between each part; Main factors of stability reduction are the reduction of compressive strength of section and bulk density; The main factor that influences the compressive ability is the reduction of intensity of concrete, plate, beam that have small size also need to consider the reduction of cross-sectional area.
The main factor that influences the tensile strength of rebar is the reduction of section due to corrosion; The main factor that influences the cohesion of concrete is the metamorphism or stripping of effective components in concrete, and it leads the reduction of tensile strength in concrete and reduction of bulk density; The factors that influence the normal operation of foundation are subsidence, abrupt stress, recombinant and seepage deformation,etc.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Zhi Chao Liu, Hai Yan Fan, Wen Qian Li, Ning Liu
Introduction
Facing the pressing situation of the policy of energy-saving and emission-reduction, recycle economy may be the inevitable choice which can pull us out of the slough of the resource shortage and environment pollution.
Cleaner production of an undependable project is currently the main practical form of the recycle economy in China, while the policy of energy-saving and emission-reduction has not been fully implemented beyond the regional level.
Unfortunately, since the approaches of accessing the statistical data were limited, the index of TDMI was replaced by that of direct input (index ①).
The detailed flows of the assessment were listed as follows: l Check out the resource input and the product output of the park, and analyze the recycling situation of the waste by applying the form of the I/O table; l Draw the MFA map of the park according to the statistical data; l Calculate the indices ①, ②, ③.
The map of the MFA in the Industrial Park of Recycle Economy can be figured out in Fig. 1, which was made up according to the collection of statistical data of Tongling City.
Cleaner production of an undependable project is currently the main practical form of the recycle economy in China, while the policy of energy-saving and emission-reduction has not been fully implemented beyond the regional level.
Unfortunately, since the approaches of accessing the statistical data were limited, the index of TDMI was replaced by that of direct input (index ①).
The detailed flows of the assessment were listed as follows: l Check out the resource input and the product output of the park, and analyze the recycling situation of the waste by applying the form of the I/O table; l Draw the MFA map of the park according to the statistical data; l Calculate the indices ①, ②, ③.
The map of the MFA in the Industrial Park of Recycle Economy can be figured out in Fig. 1, which was made up according to the collection of statistical data of Tongling City.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Lan Hua Zhou, Liang Li
The optimal conditions of the conditional tests are as follows: oxidation temperature of 1,000–1,100˚C, oxidation time of 30–70 min, reduction temperature of 700–800˚C, and reduction time of 90–150 min.
Fluidization reduction.
Thus, the reduction temperature should be in the range of 700˚C to 800˚C.
Thus, the reduction time should be in the range of 90–150 min.
Inorganic thermodynamics data book[M].
Fluidization reduction.
Thus, the reduction temperature should be in the range of 700˚C to 800˚C.
Thus, the reduction time should be in the range of 90–150 min.
Inorganic thermodynamics data book[M].
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Dong Lian Tan, Wen Hua Yan
In the specimen loading process under every level of load the mid-span deflection and stiffness reduction coefficient is shown in Table 1, the statistics data of beam’s crack width is shown in Table 2.
And the regression equation of the bending stiffness reduction coefficient and crack height coefficient is obtained: (1) Correlation coefficient: R=0.73041 Figure 1 Regression figure of bending stiffness reduction coefficient and crack width Relationship between Crack height and Bending Stiffness Reduction Coefficient Crack height directly affects the moment of inertia of beam’s effective cross-section, with the crack developing along the beam height, the section neutral axis rise, and the bending stiffness reduction coefficient decreases.
Figure 2 Relationship curve of bending stiffness reduction In order to better study the relationship of crack’s developed height and bending stiffness reduction coefficient, the crack’s height coefficient H is introduced, i.e
Therefore, bending stiffness reduction coefficient .
Due to the limited test data of this paper, it can’t reflect the obvious law between crack spacing and stiffness reduction coefficient.
And the regression equation of the bending stiffness reduction coefficient and crack height coefficient is obtained: (1) Correlation coefficient: R=0.73041 Figure 1 Regression figure of bending stiffness reduction coefficient and crack width Relationship between Crack height and Bending Stiffness Reduction Coefficient Crack height directly affects the moment of inertia of beam’s effective cross-section, with the crack developing along the beam height, the section neutral axis rise, and the bending stiffness reduction coefficient decreases.
Figure 2 Relationship curve of bending stiffness reduction In order to better study the relationship of crack’s developed height and bending stiffness reduction coefficient, the crack’s height coefficient H is introduced, i.e
Therefore, bending stiffness reduction coefficient .
Due to the limited test data of this paper, it can’t reflect the obvious law between crack spacing and stiffness reduction coefficient.
Online since: July 2015
Authors: Kittichai Triratanasirichai, Tanakorn Wongwuttanasatian, Denpong Soodphakdee, Narinporn Malasri
The monitored data over one year have proved that this build can generate the electricity more than its energy demand.
This resulted in energy reduction.
Figure 6: High efficient computer unit, Ultrabook Electricity Generation The data recorded showed that after above modifications, the energy consumption of this building has been changed from 98.60 kWh per day (35,988 kWh per year) to 60 kWh per day (21,921 kWh per year).
The data have been monitored instantly and accumulatively as shown in Fig. 7.
Although it may occasionally generate energy less than its demand such as in a cloudy day, the accumulated energy since the data record has been launched, has obviously proved the concept of “ net zero energy building”.
This resulted in energy reduction.
Figure 6: High efficient computer unit, Ultrabook Electricity Generation The data recorded showed that after above modifications, the energy consumption of this building has been changed from 98.60 kWh per day (35,988 kWh per year) to 60 kWh per day (21,921 kWh per year).
The data have been monitored instantly and accumulatively as shown in Fig. 7.
Although it may occasionally generate energy less than its demand such as in a cloudy day, the accumulated energy since the data record has been launched, has obviously proved the concept of “ net zero energy building”.
Online since: December 2010
Authors: Z. Kajcsos, Maria Fatima Ferreira Marques, A.M.G. Moreira Da Silva, P.M. Gordo
The data show that the addition of S-carvone to β-cyclodextrin results in a decrease of o-Ps lifetime that we ascribe to a reduction of free volume holes from 81.8 to 63.7 Å3.
Lifetimes and intensities for α- β- and γCDs ( γ-CD and older γ-CD) and βCD/SCrv vs time in hours of data-taking .
Since both γ-CDs sample are old ones, probably the reduction and the unexpected values observed for t3 must be related to the sort of adsorption of some “impurities” with time, a process that affects the older sample the most.
This behavior agrees well with the reduction of the free volume in the hollow truncated cone shape of the β-CD due to the inclusion of the S-Crv guest molecule.
The reduction of τ3 in β-CD/S-Crv indicates to what extent the S-Carvone fills the β-CD holes.
Lifetimes and intensities for α- β- and γCDs ( γ-CD and older γ-CD) and βCD/SCrv vs time in hours of data-taking .
Since both γ-CDs sample are old ones, probably the reduction and the unexpected values observed for t3 must be related to the sort of adsorption of some “impurities” with time, a process that affects the older sample the most.
This behavior agrees well with the reduction of the free volume in the hollow truncated cone shape of the β-CD due to the inclusion of the S-Crv guest molecule.
The reduction of τ3 in β-CD/S-Crv indicates to what extent the S-Carvone fills the β-CD holes.
Online since: November 2017
Authors: Karoon Fangsuwannarak, Ponrawee Wanriko
In order to determine the available type of the tested fuel and achieve the reduction of the exhaust emissions, a high-speed diesel engine was tested on water brake type of dynamometer.
The software provides extraordinary data management capability and the ability to import/export data.
It is found that the engine operated by POB100 and improved POB blends provide a reduction of CO and CO2 as compared with diesel fuel test.
Meanwhile, CO results show the same reduction trend with CO2 emissions.
Nevertheless, reductions of CO and CO2 were found under the test conditions of the improved POB fuels in particular redistilled POB blended with nano-ZnO additive.
The software provides extraordinary data management capability and the ability to import/export data.
It is found that the engine operated by POB100 and improved POB blends provide a reduction of CO and CO2 as compared with diesel fuel test.
Meanwhile, CO results show the same reduction trend with CO2 emissions.
Nevertheless, reductions of CO and CO2 were found under the test conditions of the improved POB fuels in particular redistilled POB blended with nano-ZnO additive.
Online since: April 2014
Authors: Qun Xie, Dian Zhong Yang, Ya Ping Peng
According to the research data and achievements home and abroad, this paper puts forward the practical seismic design process and method of RC frame structure retrofitted by FRP, to promote the application of FRP in the field of RC frame retrofitting.
Firstly, structure analysis model is set up according to the structure design drawings and site test data, then checking calculation of structure elastic capacity is conducted under Small Earthquake, and retrofitting the components whose bearing capacity does not satisfy requirement.
The concrete shear capacity reduction factor in the plastic hinge zone on the column end Seismic grade Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1 Concrete shear reduction factor 0.7 0.7 0.6 0 Seismic retrofitting design of joint Joint includes a joint core zone between frame beam and column intersection and adjacent the core region of the beam end and column end.
The values of the seismic subentry coefficient after the reduction based on this table shall be determined by the existing specifications.
Seismic Adjustment Coefficient of Different Follow-up Service Life Follow-up Service Life [year] 10 20 30 40 50 Seismic Adjustment Coefficient 0.37 0.59 0.75 0.88 1.0 Conclusions Based on the analysis of existing research data, a reasonable, well-organized seismic design flow of RC frame structure retrofitted by FRP conforming to the design of the general habits was put forward, which emphasizes the coordination between ductility and seismic performance of the overall structure.
Firstly, structure analysis model is set up according to the structure design drawings and site test data, then checking calculation of structure elastic capacity is conducted under Small Earthquake, and retrofitting the components whose bearing capacity does not satisfy requirement.
The concrete shear capacity reduction factor in the plastic hinge zone on the column end Seismic grade Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1 Concrete shear reduction factor 0.7 0.7 0.6 0 Seismic retrofitting design of joint Joint includes a joint core zone between frame beam and column intersection and adjacent the core region of the beam end and column end.
The values of the seismic subentry coefficient after the reduction based on this table shall be determined by the existing specifications.
Seismic Adjustment Coefficient of Different Follow-up Service Life Follow-up Service Life [year] 10 20 30 40 50 Seismic Adjustment Coefficient 0.37 0.59 0.75 0.88 1.0 Conclusions Based on the analysis of existing research data, a reasonable, well-organized seismic design flow of RC frame structure retrofitted by FRP conforming to the design of the general habits was put forward, which emphasizes the coordination between ductility and seismic performance of the overall structure.
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Ion Rares Stanciu, Gheorghita Ginga, Sebastian Muntean, Liviu Eugen Anton
It is composed of a closed hydraulic circuit, two reservoirs of each, vanes, a PCN 80-200 pump, sensors (for pressure, temperature, discharge and electrical power), and data acquisition system to acquire sensors data.
The actuation data is reported by the inverter which powers the motor.
Indeed a multi-camera system delivers more pumping station images (data).
A function responsible for sending data to the camera was implemented.
THE FILTERED DATA WAS RECONSTRUCTED USING THE PARCEVAL’S THEOREM. 7.
The actuation data is reported by the inverter which powers the motor.
Indeed a multi-camera system delivers more pumping station images (data).
A function responsible for sending data to the camera was implemented.
THE FILTERED DATA WAS RECONSTRUCTED USING THE PARCEVAL’S THEOREM. 7.