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Among the lithium greases, 5% CB contained grease performs the best friction reduction properties, and among the overbased calcium sulfonate complex greases, 6% CB contained grease performs the best friction reduction properties.
But the conductive capacity and friction reduction properties of the overbased calcium sulfonate complex grease and lithium grease containing CB was not studied.
The data of the coefficient of friction (COF) were recorded by a computer.
Moreover, the lithium grease containing CB perform better friction reduction than overbased calcium sulfonate complex grease.
According to the references reported, the friction reduction mechanisms of CB in greases may be attributed to three factors: firstly, CB dispersed uniformly in the greases, serve as spacers preventing the close touch between the contact surfaces [4].

Road condition data is a precursor for road monitoring and is collected on a periodic basis by road authorities to assist in transportation planning.
This ensures the compatibility and quality of data sets and make greater use of available road condition data for improved statistical reliability in data analysis [4].
Critical examination of the condition survey data in Botswana, showed that defects varies from road to road, thus the strategy adopted so as to analyze the condition data was to group the sections into different districts.
Conclusion This research experience has shown that it is essential to select a uniform and site specific data set of gravel road performance deterioration parameters and use consistent methods to collect and record gravel road condition survey data.
The data sets of 2008 were not use for the analysis because it was not available for all the roads evaluated.

The pesticide residues were calculated using the following formula: Pesticide residues = For all treatments, data from independent replicate trials were collected and the standard deviations were calculated[5].
Duncan’s multiple range test was used for analyzing all data and the significance was determined by one-way analysis of variance (SPSS 11.0 for Windows, SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., U.S.A.).
Significant differences between data were established at a significance level of P < 0.05.
Effects of CGW immersion time on the reduction of 2 pesticides residues on fresh spinach are reported in Figure.3.
The reductions of the pesticides on fresh spinach increased to 38.0% (phorate), 40.2% (chlorpyrifos) after10 min of immersion in CGW (20 mg/L).

Processing of the ECAP+CR sample consisted of ECAP of 4 passes, which was less than that showing the optimum microstructure for high strain rate superplasticity of UFG Al alloys (i.e. 8 passes), with route Bc and subsequent cold rolling (70% thickness reduction).
An analysis of the mechanical data revealed that deformation of the ECAP+CR sample was dominated by grain boundary sliding, but dislocation viscous glide was the main deformation mechanism for the ECAP sample.
The ECAP+CR process takes two main advantages: (a) reduction of the ECAP passage and (b) production of the UFG plates or sheets.
After ECAP, cold rolling with a total reduction of 70% was carried out with 0.2 mm reduction per rolling pass.
By contrast, except high strain rate region faster than 1×10-2 s-1, the mechanical data of the ECAP sample coalesced into a straight line with the slope of 0.33 (= m), indicative of operation of dislocation viscous glide.

The values of the yield strength and reduction of area, which are important for spheroidization annealing, were determined.
Using the Avrami approach, the behavior of the steel has been modeled on the basis of these data.
This results in a decrease of the yield strength by 40% and an increase in the reduction of area by almost 100%.
Thus, the reduction of area increases to a maximum of more than 40% after half an hour of annealing.
Figure 4: Area of spheroidized cementite during intercritical (a), subcritical cyclic (b) and spheroidization heat treatment involving the decomposition of supercooled austenite (c) Here, the statistical distribution of data for each investigated annealing time is shown in quartiles, where averages are highlighted.

Zinc Substituted Hydroxyapatite - A Comparison of Modelling and Experimental Data Helen Chappell1a, David Shepherd2b, Serena Best2c 1 Department of Earth Sciences, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, U.K. 2 Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K.
a hc263@cam.ac.uk, b dvs23@cam.ac.uk, csmb51@cam.ac.uk Keywords: Hydroxyapatite, Zinc, Density Functional Theory, X-ray fluoresecence spectroscopy, Rietveld analysis, Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometry Abstract The effect of substitution of zinc into the hydroxyapatite lattice(ZnHA) was evaluated using experimental precipitation studies and with ab initio modelling data.
The aim of the study was to attempt to explain experimental results with data obtained from ab initio modelling in order to address the problem of low zinc uptake in the experimentally produced material.
This accounts for the reduction in the a-lattice parameter, from the phase-pure HA cell value of 9.488 Å, to 9.319 Å in cell 4.
We have also shown that the trends in lattice parameters, in particular the reduction of the a-parameter, are due to the movement of the hydroxyl ions away from the c-axis.

There is also benefit to be accrued from the residual stress reduction obtained during artificial ageing.
The data was used to calculate the radius of a specimen by least squares method in comparison to a perfect circle.
These changes are indicative of a reduction in the solid state diffusion by entrapment of the mobile copper in the precipitate form.
For both the 1hr and 7hrs naturally aged specimens, the high strain level (5.0%) led to a reduction in springback.
The lack of change is indicative of a reduction in the kinetics of the artificial ageing process.

Generative models are probabilistic representation of data that can be regarded as the generator of observed data.
To explain the data effectively, the probability models must be able to 1) reduce the complexity of the original data; 2) make abstraction and simplification in some extent.
Generation model can generate random observation data in condition that latent parameters are given.
It is used to describe the "co-occurrence" of data[7].
[4] Arthur Dempster, Nan Laird, and Donald Rubin, "Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM algorithm".

The present work aims to bring new data about the effect of alkali charge in co-precipitation preparation of Cu-Mn mixed oxide catalyst as WGSR for fuel cells.
Reduction peak of α presents the reduction of highly dispersed non-crystalline copper oxide strongly interacting with manganese oxide and that of smaller copper oxide particles weakly assisted with manganese oxide.
Reduction peak of β may be assigned to the reduction of surface copper oxide (crystalline) and subsurface Cu-Mn Solid solution (crystalline) which stronger interacted with surface oxygen vacancies.
Catalytic performance closely related to the (β+λ) reduction peak (Surface phase reduction peak and bulk phase reduction peaks closely combinated with oxygen vacancy of Cu-Mn solid solution) area.
The (β+λ) reduction peak area of catalyst become larger, catalyst had better low-temperature activity.

The application of SCR exhibits co-benefit of mercury catalytic oxidation and NOx reduction.
Experimental Procedure and data processing The SCR catalyst in the quartz tube is honeycomb structure, which is the same shape as the catalyst in SCR reactor in power plants.
The reduction may be caused by blockage by fly ash particles and sintering of TiO2 particles.
This phenomenon indicates that the difference of Hg0 oxidation rates between the catalysts is due to the decrease of active sites, which is consistent with the XRF data. 3) The effect of SO2 Figure 4 shows the mercury speciation of fresh SCR catalyst under different SO2 concentrations.
Heterogeneous mercury reaction on a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst [J].