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Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of China for financial support, under Grant No 50104004.
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Introduction Adhesive joint has been increasingly used in the automotive, aircraft, ship industry and wood construction due to offering some advantages such as enabling joining two dissimilar materials, providing uniform stress distribution, saving the structure weight and increasing the fatigue performance.
Materials and Method Single lap joints were manufactured using low carbon steel substrates bonded using Araldite epoxy adhesive.
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. (=11.80μm) and GRIPM Advanced Materials, Co., Ltd. (=24.32μm).
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 50975100, Key Science and Technology Research Project from Ministry of Education of China (208170) and Project of Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Platform (2011H2003).
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Selecting the appropriate materials to help students expand their thinking space, enhance their interest of discussing the topics, and stimulate the students to express ideas effectively, and thus to enhance the students spoken English.
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Introduction One of the tasks of Physics of nanomaterials is development of new magnetic materials with targeted properties.
Moreover, the formal description allows modeling of magnetic properties of nanoparticles with any type of ordering: whether they are ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic materials.
Acknowledgements The work is supported by grant of Ministry of Education and Science 02.740.11.0549 (Reference number 2010-1.2.2-214-005-006).
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Introduction The newly developed homogenization theory of masonry allows the global behaviour of masonry to be derived from the representative volume element with consideration of mechanical characters and mixing effect of the materials[1].
Assumptions of homogenization model Fundamental assumptions of homogenization model(Fig.1):(1) include all the participant materials;(2) constitute the entire structure by periodic and continuous distribution;(3)The representative volume element provides a valuable dividing boundary between the discrete model and the continuum model;(4) Brick and mortar are elastic-brittle, that is to say yield criteria is the failure criteria.
Fig.1 Homogenization of Masonry Material Strength Conception of Masonry Homogenization Model Elastic Constitutive Relationship of Representative Volume Element(RVE) On the supposition that direction of principal stress and material principal direction are same, The stress-strain relationship of representative volume element is shown as follows: (1) meanwhile: ， (2) Regarded representative volume element as plane orthotropic materials, form elastic mechanics of anisotropic body, the following equation is validity to give an approximate value ；and where (3) and (4) Elastic modulus and poisson ratio can be obtained by the following specific displacement border conditions
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Project supported by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (10JJ2039) .
References [1] Daquan Wang，Jianhua Wu. submitted to Journal of Chonhqing Jianzhu University(2002).

But when the top of the stored bulk materials is a conical pile, the Rankine formula does not work, because the Rankine theory must be based on the assumptions that the interface between the retaining wall and the soil is erect and smooth, and that the top plane of the bulk materials behind the retaining wall is horizontal.
Only when the aspect ratio δ is very small numbers to nearly 0, the rupture plane can meet the top of the stored bulk materials.
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