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Online since: December 2012
Authors: Yong Gang Tu, Yan Zhao
Material and Methods
Material
The eggs of anas platyrhynchos were obtained within 1 day of laying from a farm in Nanchang county, Jiangxi Province, China.
Yuan: Chinese Journal of Wildlife Vol. 32(2011), p.167 [2]W.
Wesstra: British Journal of Nutrition Vol. 61(2007), p.7 [6]K.
Tu: Food science Vol. 31(2010), p.337 [14]J.
Gautron: The Journal of Poultry Science Vol. 47(2010), p.208
Yuan: Chinese Journal of Wildlife Vol. 32(2011), p.167 [2]W.
Wesstra: British Journal of Nutrition Vol. 61(2007), p.7 [6]K.
Tu: Food science Vol. 31(2010), p.337 [14]J.
Gautron: The Journal of Poultry Science Vol. 47(2010), p.208
Online since: March 2007
Authors: Guo Dong Wang, Yan Hui Guo, Zhao Dong Wang, Xianghua Liu
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of China for financial support,
under Grant No 50104004.
References [1] Tomitz, Andreas, Kaspar, Radko, Steel Research, 71(2000), No.12, 497-503 [2] V.J.Martinez, J.I.Verdeja, J.A.Pero-Sanz, Materials Characterization, 46(2001), 45-53 [3] Juntunen, P., Raabe, D., Karjalainen, P., Kopio, T., Bolle, G., Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 32(2001), No.8, 1989-1995 [4] Tung, Lam Kai, Quadir, M.Z., Duggan, B.J., Key Engineering Materials, 233-236(2002), No.
I, 437-442 [5] Tomitz, Andreas, Kaspar, Radko, ISIJ International, 40(2000), No. 9, 927-931 [6] Wang, Zhao-Dong; Guo, Yan-Hui; Zhao, Zhong; Sun, Da-Qing, Journal of Northeastern University, 26(2005), No. 8, 747-750 [7] Zhao, H.; Rama, S.C.; Barber, G.C.; Wang, Z.; Wang, X., Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 128(2002), No.1-3, 73-79 [8] T.
Harase, Acta Metallurgica et Materialia, 38 (1990), No.12,2673-2681 [9] Chen, Y.; Chen, X.; Li, C.Y.; Li, X.Y.; Kang, Y.L., Acta Metallurgica Sinica , 15(2002), No.3, 324-330 [10] Mark Denis NAVE, Matthew Robert BSRNETT and Hossein BELADI, ISIJ international, 44(2004), No.6, 1072-1078 [11] C.J.Barrett, Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 26(1999),No.5,393-397 [12] S Matsuoka, M Morita, et al, ISIJ international, 38(1998), No.6, 633~639 [13] Toroghinejad, Mohammad R., Humphreys, Alan O., Liu, Dongsheng, etal, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 34A(2003), No. 5, 1163-1174 [14] Guan, Xiaojun; Li, Yun; Wang, Zuocheng, Iron and Steel, 39(2004), No.9, 58-60 [15] R YONG-JOON ROE, Journal of Applied Physics,36(1965), No.6, 2024-2031 [16] D.Vanderschueren, N.Yoshinaga and K.Koyama.
ISIJ International, 36(1996), No.8 1046~1054 [17] L.S.TOTH, J.J.JONAS, D.DNAIEL, and R.K.RAY, Metallurgical Transactions A (Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science), 21A (1990), No.11, 2985-3000 [18] R K Ray, J J Jonas, and R E Hook, International Materials Review, 39(1994), No.4, 129~172 [19] Wang, Zuocheng and Wang, Xianjin, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 113(2001), 659-661 [20] H INAGAKI, ISIJ International, 34 (1994), No.4, 313~321 [21] Y.
References [1] Tomitz, Andreas, Kaspar, Radko, Steel Research, 71(2000), No.12, 497-503 [2] V.J.Martinez, J.I.Verdeja, J.A.Pero-Sanz, Materials Characterization, 46(2001), 45-53 [3] Juntunen, P., Raabe, D., Karjalainen, P., Kopio, T., Bolle, G., Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 32(2001), No.8, 1989-1995 [4] Tung, Lam Kai, Quadir, M.Z., Duggan, B.J., Key Engineering Materials, 233-236(2002), No.
I, 437-442 [5] Tomitz, Andreas, Kaspar, Radko, ISIJ International, 40(2000), No. 9, 927-931 [6] Wang, Zhao-Dong; Guo, Yan-Hui; Zhao, Zhong; Sun, Da-Qing, Journal of Northeastern University, 26(2005), No. 8, 747-750 [7] Zhao, H.; Rama, S.C.; Barber, G.C.; Wang, Z.; Wang, X., Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 128(2002), No.1-3, 73-79 [8] T.
Harase, Acta Metallurgica et Materialia, 38 (1990), No.12,2673-2681 [9] Chen, Y.; Chen, X.; Li, C.Y.; Li, X.Y.; Kang, Y.L., Acta Metallurgica Sinica , 15(2002), No.3, 324-330 [10] Mark Denis NAVE, Matthew Robert BSRNETT and Hossein BELADI, ISIJ international, 44(2004), No.6, 1072-1078 [11] C.J.Barrett, Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 26(1999),No.5,393-397 [12] S Matsuoka, M Morita, et al, ISIJ international, 38(1998), No.6, 633~639 [13] Toroghinejad, Mohammad R., Humphreys, Alan O., Liu, Dongsheng, etal, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 34A(2003), No. 5, 1163-1174 [14] Guan, Xiaojun; Li, Yun; Wang, Zuocheng, Iron and Steel, 39(2004), No.9, 58-60 [15] R YONG-JOON ROE, Journal of Applied Physics,36(1965), No.6, 2024-2031 [16] D.Vanderschueren, N.Yoshinaga and K.Koyama.
ISIJ International, 36(1996), No.8 1046~1054 [17] L.S.TOTH, J.J.JONAS, D.DNAIEL, and R.K.RAY, Metallurgical Transactions A (Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science), 21A (1990), No.11, 2985-3000 [18] R K Ray, J J Jonas, and R E Hook, International Materials Review, 39(1994), No.4, 129~172 [19] Wang, Zuocheng and Wang, Xianjin, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 113(2001), 659-661 [20] H INAGAKI, ISIJ International, 34 (1994), No.4, 313~321 [21] Y.
Online since: April 2014
Authors: Xiao Cheng Su, Zhi Liu, Xiao Yun Wang
Shear strength is determined by the nature of the coarse and fine material.
Shear strength is determined by the nature of the coarse and fine material.
Shear strength significantly increased Along with the coarse material content increased.
References [1]CHEN Rui-zhi, SANG Yan-fang, WANG Zhong-gen, LI Zong-li Framework of Water Allocation Based on Interconnected River System Network[J].South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science &Technology,2013,11(4):1-4 [2]CHEN Tai-zheng, HOU Jing-wei, CHEN Zhun Quantitative Studies of the Optimization Allocation of Water Resources in China-A Review[J].Resources Science,2013,35(1):132-139 [3]XIAO Jia-yuan, XI Peng-hui Eco-compensation of Trans-provincial Basin Water Resource:Form Government Leadership to Market Readjustment[J].Journal of Guizhou College of Finance and Economics,2013(2):85-91 [4]LIU Ning On the coordinated routine and emergency management of China’s hydrology and water resources[J].Advances In Water Science,2013(2):280-286 [5]SONG Ning, TIAN Ming-hua, MA Heng-yun.
An International Comparison of China’s Urban Water Resource Strategies[J].Journal of Water Resources Research , 2013(4), pp.260-269
Shear strength is determined by the nature of the coarse and fine material.
Shear strength significantly increased Along with the coarse material content increased.
References [1]CHEN Rui-zhi, SANG Yan-fang, WANG Zhong-gen, LI Zong-li Framework of Water Allocation Based on Interconnected River System Network[J].South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science &Technology,2013,11(4):1-4 [2]CHEN Tai-zheng, HOU Jing-wei, CHEN Zhun Quantitative Studies of the Optimization Allocation of Water Resources in China-A Review[J].Resources Science,2013,35(1):132-139 [3]XIAO Jia-yuan, XI Peng-hui Eco-compensation of Trans-provincial Basin Water Resource:Form Government Leadership to Market Readjustment[J].Journal of Guizhou College of Finance and Economics,2013(2):85-91 [4]LIU Ning On the coordinated routine and emergency management of China’s hydrology and water resources[J].Advances In Water Science,2013(2):280-286 [5]SONG Ning, TIAN Ming-hua, MA Heng-yun.
An International Comparison of China’s Urban Water Resource Strategies[J].Journal of Water Resources Research , 2013(4), pp.260-269
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Yan Zhao, Qing Song Yang
Materials and Methods
1.1 The materials
The seeds of winter oilseed rape (Brassica Napus L.
Jiang, Chinese Science Bulletin 58, 2, 140.(2013) [2].
Azooz, Global Journal of Molecular Sciences 3, 1, 18-20.( 2008) [3].
Sharma, Journal of Environmental Biology 30, 3, 461-466. (2009) [4].
Tahira, Pakistan Journal of Biological Science 4, 5, 575-580. (2001)
Jiang, Chinese Science Bulletin 58, 2, 140.(2013) [2].
Azooz, Global Journal of Molecular Sciences 3, 1, 18-20.( 2008) [3].
Sharma, Journal of Environmental Biology 30, 3, 461-466. (2009) [4].
Tahira, Pakistan Journal of Biological Science 4, 5, 575-580. (2001)
Online since: March 2014
Authors: Dionizy Czekaj, Agata Lisińska-Czekaj, Joanna Micior, Małgorzata Adamczyk
Dielectric Properties of BiNbO4–Based Ceramic-Polymer Composites with 0-3 Connectivity
Agata Lisińska-Czekaja, Joanna Miciorb, Małgorzata Adamczykc
and Dionizy Czekajd
University of Silesia, Department of Materials Science, 2, Sniezna St.,41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
aagata.lisinska-czekaj@us.edu.pl, cmalgorzata.adamczyk-habrajska@us.edu.pl ddionizy.czekaj@us.edu.pl
Keywords: BiNbO4, PVDF, dielectric properties, impedance spectroscopy, micromechatronic materials
Abstract.
Acknowledgement The present research has been supported by Polish National Science Centre (NCN) from the funds for science in 2011-2014 as a research project N N507 218540.
E.Newnham, D.P.Skinder, and L.E.Cross: Materials Research Bulletin, Vol. 13, 5 (1978) 325-336 [3] K.Osińska, M.Adamczyk, and D.Czekaj: Ceramika, Vol. 101 (2008) 125-131 [4] U.
Khakhar, Ashok Misra, Polymer, Vol. 49 (2008) 3486–3499 [5] D.Czekaj, J.Micior, and A.Lisińska-Czekaj: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials, (2014) in press [6] A.Lisinska-Czekaj and D.Czekaj: Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 512-515 (2012) 1212-1217 [7] M.Płońska, and D.Czekaj: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials, Vol. 56, 4 (2011) 1169-1175 [8] E.Barsukov, J.
West, Journal of Electroceramics, Vol. 10 (2003) 165–177 [10] A.Lisińska-Czekaj, Wielofunkcyjne materiały na osnowie tytanian bizmutu, Uniwersytet Śląski, Wydawnictwo Gnome, Katowice, 2012 [11] D.Czekaj: Fabrication and study of BST-based functional materials, Uniwersytet Śląski, Wydawnictwo Gnome, Katowice, 2010 [12] B.A.
Acknowledgement The present research has been supported by Polish National Science Centre (NCN) from the funds for science in 2011-2014 as a research project N N507 218540.
E.Newnham, D.P.Skinder, and L.E.Cross: Materials Research Bulletin, Vol. 13, 5 (1978) 325-336 [3] K.Osińska, M.Adamczyk, and D.Czekaj: Ceramika, Vol. 101 (2008) 125-131 [4] U.
Khakhar, Ashok Misra, Polymer, Vol. 49 (2008) 3486–3499 [5] D.Czekaj, J.Micior, and A.Lisińska-Czekaj: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials, (2014) in press [6] A.Lisinska-Czekaj and D.Czekaj: Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 512-515 (2012) 1212-1217 [7] M.Płońska, and D.Czekaj: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials, Vol. 56, 4 (2011) 1169-1175 [8] E.Barsukov, J.
West, Journal of Electroceramics, Vol. 10 (2003) 165–177 [10] A.Lisińska-Czekaj, Wielofunkcyjne materiały na osnowie tytanian bizmutu, Uniwersytet Śląski, Wydawnictwo Gnome, Katowice, 2012 [11] D.Czekaj: Fabrication and study of BST-based functional materials, Uniwersytet Śląski, Wydawnictwo Gnome, Katowice, 2010 [12] B.A.
Online since: September 2009
Authors: Dong Hui Wen, Xun Lv, Ju Long Yuan
Material removal rate
(MRR) and surface roughness (Ra, Rmax) of workpiece were measured.
Acknowledgments This project is supported by National Nature Science Foundation (50535040), Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Y105610, Y106065).
Wen: Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 43 (2008) No.1, pp.35-48
Dai: Key Engineering Materials, Vols. 304-305 (2005), pp.398-402
Yuan and D.H.Wen: Materials Science Forum, Vols. 532-533 (2006), pp.393-396
Acknowledgments This project is supported by National Nature Science Foundation (50535040), Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Y105610, Y106065).
Wen: Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 43 (2008) No.1, pp.35-48
Dai: Key Engineering Materials, Vols. 304-305 (2005), pp.398-402
Yuan and D.H.Wen: Materials Science Forum, Vols. 532-533 (2006), pp.393-396
Online since: April 2013
Authors: Ilia Ilyushin, Leonid Afremov
Introduction
One of the tasks of Physics of nanomaterials is development of new magnetic materials with targeted properties.
Moreover, the formal description allows modeling of magnetic properties of nanoparticles with any type of ordering: whether they are ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic materials.
Acknowledgements The work is supported by grant of Ministry of Education and Science 02.740.11.0549 (Reference number 2010-1.2.2-214-005-006).
Phys. 71 (2008) 056501 (78pp) [2] Belokon V and Nefedev K, 2001, Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics 93(1) 136, {URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1391530} [3] Afremov L and Kirienko Y, 2012, Advanced Materials Research, 378, 589, (Preprint http://arxiv.org/abs/1108.0745) [4] Kirienko Y and Afremov L, 2012, Advanced Materials Research, 472, 1827, (Preprint http://arxiv.org/abs/1201.1562) [5] B.
Matsui, Journal of the Magnetics Society of Japan, vol. 24,no. 4/2, p. 511–514, 2000.
Moreover, the formal description allows modeling of magnetic properties of nanoparticles with any type of ordering: whether they are ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic materials.
Acknowledgements The work is supported by grant of Ministry of Education and Science 02.740.11.0549 (Reference number 2010-1.2.2-214-005-006).
Phys. 71 (2008) 056501 (78pp) [2] Belokon V and Nefedev K, 2001, Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics 93(1) 136, {URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1391530} [3] Afremov L and Kirienko Y, 2012, Advanced Materials Research, 378, 589, (Preprint http://arxiv.org/abs/1108.0745) [4] Kirienko Y and Afremov L, 2012, Advanced Materials Research, 472, 1827, (Preprint http://arxiv.org/abs/1201.1562) [5] B.
Matsui, Journal of the Magnetics Society of Japan, vol. 24,no. 4/2, p. 511–514, 2000.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Wei Jun Yang, Yu Shuang Ni, Ning Jiang
Introduction
The newly developed homogenization theory of masonry allows the global behaviour of masonry to be derived from the representative volume element with consideration of mechanical characters and mixing effect of the materials[1].
Assumptions of homogenization model Fundamental assumptions of homogenization model(Fig.1):(1) include all the participant materials;(2) constitute the entire structure by periodic and continuous distribution;(3)The representative volume element provides a valuable dividing boundary between the discrete model and the continuum model;(4) Brick and mortar are elastic-brittle, that is to say yield criteria is the failure criteria.
Fig.1 Homogenization of Masonry Material Strength Conception of Masonry Homogenization Model Elastic Constitutive Relationship of Representative Volume Element(RVE) On the supposition that direction of principal stress and material principal direction are same, The stress-strain relationship of representative volume element is shown as follows: (1) meanwhile: , (2) Regarded representative volume element as plane orthotropic materials, form elastic mechanics of anisotropic body, the following equation is validity to give an approximate value ;and where (3) and (4) Elastic modulus and poisson ratio can be obtained by the following specific displacement border conditions
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Project supported by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (10JJ2039) .
References [1] Daquan Wang,Jianhua Wu. submitted to Journal of Chonhqing Jianzhu University(2002).
Assumptions of homogenization model Fundamental assumptions of homogenization model(Fig.1):(1) include all the participant materials;(2) constitute the entire structure by periodic and continuous distribution;(3)The representative volume element provides a valuable dividing boundary between the discrete model and the continuum model;(4) Brick and mortar are elastic-brittle, that is to say yield criteria is the failure criteria.
Fig.1 Homogenization of Masonry Material Strength Conception of Masonry Homogenization Model Elastic Constitutive Relationship of Representative Volume Element(RVE) On the supposition that direction of principal stress and material principal direction are same, The stress-strain relationship of representative volume element is shown as follows: (1) meanwhile: , (2) Regarded representative volume element as plane orthotropic materials, form elastic mechanics of anisotropic body, the following equation is validity to give an approximate value ;and where (3) and (4) Elastic modulus and poisson ratio can be obtained by the following specific displacement border conditions
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Project supported by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (10JJ2039) .
References [1] Daquan Wang,Jianhua Wu. submitted to Journal of Chonhqing Jianzhu University(2002).
Online since: September 2013
Authors: S. Baishya, Reshmi Maity, R.K. Thapa
Enormous growth in material science have evolved few more materials to be used in MEMS which follows the basic requirements, these materials are metals like Ni, Al, nonmetals like Si, Ge, GaAs, polymers like SU8, polymide like diamond, SiC, Si3N4 ,SiO2 [7].
Mathematical Modeling By consideration of Mason’s analysis [8], the equation of motion of membrane under tension can be expressed by, (1) is the thickness of the membrane, is the value of poison’s ratio (ratio of lateral concentration to the longitudinal expansion of material) , ω is displacement normal to the plane of the membrane, is the tension on membrane, is the transverse pressure on the membrane and is density of the material.
Now, the particular integral So, the particular integral (5) The general solution of the above equation will be, (6) Now ‘w’ will be maximum at r = 0 then multiply by ‘r’ in both sides we get, And will be zero at r = a so, (7) (8) And if we assume, then Where, = dielectric constant of material between the plate and=electrode spacing So, (9) Results and Discussion The different parameters value are selected from the fabrication technique used [6] shown in Table 1.
[7] Rudra Pratap and Arun Kumar: Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics Vol. 45 (2007), p. 358
Trivedi: Defence Science Journal, Vol. 59 (2009), p. 627
Mathematical Modeling By consideration of Mason’s analysis [8], the equation of motion of membrane under tension can be expressed by, (1) is the thickness of the membrane, is the value of poison’s ratio (ratio of lateral concentration to the longitudinal expansion of material) , ω is displacement normal to the plane of the membrane, is the tension on membrane, is the transverse pressure on the membrane and is density of the material.
Now, the particular integral So, the particular integral (5) The general solution of the above equation will be, (6) Now ‘w’ will be maximum at r = 0 then multiply by ‘r’ in both sides we get, And will be zero at r = a so, (7) (8) And if we assume, then Where, = dielectric constant of material between the plate and=electrode spacing So, (9) Results and Discussion The different parameters value are selected from the fabrication technique used [6] shown in Table 1.
[7] Rudra Pratap and Arun Kumar: Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics Vol. 45 (2007), p. 358
Trivedi: Defence Science Journal, Vol. 59 (2009), p. 627
Online since: December 2010
Authors: Chang Bing Chen
But when the top of the stored bulk materials is a conical pile, the Rankine formula does not work, because the Rankine theory must be based on the assumptions that the interface between the retaining wall and the soil is erect and smooth, and that the top plane of the bulk materials behind the retaining wall is horizontal.
Only when the aspect ratio δ is very small numbers to nearly 0, the rupture plane can meet the top of the stored bulk materials.
Journal of Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 127, No. 10, (2001), p. 1033-1043
Journal of Building Structures, Vol. 16, No. 5, (1995), p. 57-63.
Architectural Science, Vol. 14, No. 4, (1998), p. 14-18.
Only when the aspect ratio δ is very small numbers to nearly 0, the rupture plane can meet the top of the stored bulk materials.
Journal of Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 127, No. 10, (2001), p. 1033-1043
Journal of Building Structures, Vol. 16, No. 5, (1995), p. 57-63.
Architectural Science, Vol. 14, No. 4, (1998), p. 14-18.