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The simulations reveal show that cancer cells generally experience higher levels of deformation than normal cells.
(a) (b) Figure 1: Schematics of: (a) Cell deformation model used in CFD simulation and (b) Bending of cell-ECM interface adopted for FEM. 3.2.
Also the simulations of crack growth involved the release of nodes in the vicinity of the crack-tip, once the critical crack driving forces were reached.
Table 1 Values of the parameters used in two models for deformation and detachments single cell Definition Value Reference Normal Cell Young’s modulus of nucleus 8000 Pa [46] Young’s modulus of cytoplasm 500Pa,1.97kPa [46,52] Young’s modulus of extracellular matrix 105± 14 Pa [45] Density of normal cell 1E-6 kg/m3 [50] Breast Cancer Cell (MDA-MB 231) Young’s modulus of nucleus 400 Pa [48] Young’s modulus of cytoplasm 2204 Pa,0.53kPa [49,50] Young’s modulus of extracellular matrix 100 k Pa [45] Density of tumor cell 1.08 E-3 kg/m3 [50] Fluid Properties Density of fluid used in CFD simulation 1000 kg/m3 [22] Viscosity of fluid used in CFD simulation 0.001 Pa*s [22] 4.
The simulations of cell deformation and detachment revealed that breast cancer cells deform.

Simulation of the MOCVD Reactor for ZnO Growth S.
The simulation results are useful for the practical growth of ZnO.
However, computer simulation has many advantages over experiment method.
In this paper, we utilize a computer-modeling tool, which bases on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) called FLUENT, to solve the various transport equations in the growth process.
In the simulations, the mole fraction remained constant.

The standard κ­ε turbulence model as a simplified computational fluid dynamics model is used to provide moderately fast simulations of turbulent airflow in an urban environment.
CFD model simulation is an important method to study the urban wind field and the pollutant concentration field.
RANS model is the most commonly used model for simulation of urban flow field and concentration field.
The simulations of turbulent air flow and pollutant dispersion were based on the steady-state Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS) and the standard κ­ε turbulence model (Santiago, 2010).
[6] Flaherty, J.E., Stock, D., Lamb, B.: Computational fluid dynamic simulations of plume dispersion in urban Oklahoma City.

Simulation Study on Indoor Pollen Removal with Variable Exhaust Angle of an Air Purifier Akinori Hashimoto1,a and Toshiki Takahashi2,b 1Human Resources Cultivation Center (HRCC), Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-Cho, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan 2Faculty of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-Cho, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan at10802401@gunma-u.ac.jp, bt-tak@gunma-u.ac.jp Keywords: Pollen removal, Air purifier, CFD, LES, GPGPU Abstract.
The present simulation model is schematically drawn in Fig. 1.
We carry out the LPT simulation and LES by GPGPU based on CUDA.
Therefore we have accelerated the simulations using GPGPU to increase simulation research efficiency.
The LPT-LES coupling simulation using GPGPU (NVIDIA GTX 780 based on CUDA) has become 18 times faster than the same simulation on the CPU.

The feasibility of the demonstration project of boiler flue gas treating wastewater on 4# boiler in Changshu Power Company limited was analyzed; the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software FLUENT was adopted to simulated the pressure field and velocity field in the outlet flue pipes of air pre-heater.
Schedule of the droplet size and the settling velocity droplet size（μm） settling velocity（m/s） 10 — 30 — 60 0.09 100 0.21 137.5 0.32 171.4 0.54 Simulation of the Flue Gas Flow Conditions In the process where the wastewater is atomized and sprayed into the flue gas, the mixture of the droplet and gas is the prerequisite of the effect of waste water evaporation, which is also the basis of the nozzle arrangement.
In preliminary studies, combination with the research of the mixing process of our group and the experience in the process of desulfurization denitration development, The large commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software FLUENT was adopted to simulated the flue gas flow conditions in the outlet flue pipes of air pre-heater.

The simulation draws some conclusion on distributive rules of solid particle inside impeller passage.
Through numerical simulation, the paper obtain the regularity of distribution of solid particles in pump passage.
Service fluid used in numerical simulation was water that there existed sand particle.
During simulation, the paper supposed that service fluid belonged to newtonian fluid, which had isotropy in part.
[2] Schilling: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, vol. 14 (2002), p.14-18 [3] Fujun Wang:Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Software Analysis: Principles and Applicatio(Tsinghua university press, 2004), in Chinese

Based from the simulation result, majority of the stress concentrates around the area between shaft and insert hole portion.
Overall, the simulation result is always severe compared to theoretical calculation.
Literature review Bernoulli’s energy equation is one of the main references in terms of CFD theoretical aspect [5].
From these results, we could observe a large difference between the theoretical aspect and the simulation result.
However, in order to gain a more detailed result, the aid of these simulation software is required.

Research on Mathematical Model of Liquid-Continuous Impinging Streams Fubao Lia, Wei Shab and Qin Lic Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang, 111003, China aprf_fubaoli@126.com, bshawei0713@126.com, cprf_qinli@126.com Keywords: Liquid-continuous, Impinging streams, Mathematical model, Numerical simulation.
It, primarily, established the mathematical model of Liquid-continuous impinging streams through analyzing the physical characteristics of flow field of Liquid-continuous impinging streams.Then it obtained the locus function, velocity function and pressure function of Liquid-continuous impinging streams though solving equation of the model.Finally it made a numerical simulation about Liquid-continuous impinging streams by using CFD software.The result of numerical simulation and the analysis about flow characteristic suggests that the mathematical model established by this paper is appropriate for describing the flow field of Liquid-continuous impinging streams.
Simulation of Flow Field of Liquid-continuous Impinging Streams In this paper, the flow field of LIS is simulated.
Environment of flow field is: the interval of nozzle is 0.2m, namely B=0.1m; the diameter of nozzle is 5mm; the inlet-boundary is velocity-inlet and the numerical value is uf=2m/s; the outlet-boundary is outflow; numerical algorithms choice Pressure-Based; viscous model choice standard k-ω; solution method choice second order SIMPLEC. the medium of simulation is water.
(3) The result of simulation of the flow field specified parameter is coincide with the result obtained by mathematical model, then it indicate that the mathematical model established in this paper is fit exactly for describing the flow field of Liquid-continuous impinging streams.

Numerical simulation was used to obtain the transient concentration of dust in the process of dispersion in a closed vessel in this work.
The object of present work was mainly to study the transient dispersion of dust in a vessel by using numerical simulation.
The hemispherical nozzle used in the experiment and numerical simulation is shown in Fig. 2.
Calculation results and comparison Dust dispersion process in the 5 L vessel can be obtained by using numerical simulation.
CFD provided a useful approach monitoring the transient concentration of dust in a closed vessel under impulse pressure.

This research focuses on the mutual effects of the adjacent towers' performance, and also makes a comparison between the efficiency of the three cooling towers in windy and no-wind conditions, using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).
Goodarzi & Keimanesh [7] in a research by using numerical simulation studied two other kinds of windbreakers.
There are different solutions methods in CFD, that finite volume method is used here.
There was a symmetry plane along the wind direction and only one half of the total domain was selected for numerical simulation.
According to symmetry of the geometry and the flow filed just one half of the geometry used for simulation.