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Abstract On site characterization of wood members is a very challenging task, after considering all the variables affecting the whole structure itself and material used for construction.
The presence of defects, damages and decay significantly affect mechanical properties of timber and influence estimation of global structure characteristics.
Estimation of selected wood properties.
Several PLS models for prediction of chemical composition (lignin, cellulose, and extractives content) [10, 11], physical properties (density, mass loss) [12] and mechanical properties (MoE, tensile strength) [13] were developed with various experiments.
The degradation mechanism is a combination of several factors: moisture, sunlight, heat/cold, chemicals, abrasion by windblown materials, and biological agents.

Factors of affecting the stability of surrounding rock Lithology.
Crustal stress is one of the most important basic factors that affect the stability of underground chambers.
Engineering Factors.
(4) The properties of rock is improved, intensity of rock is heighten, such as grouting
The structure of broken rock, the integrity of broken rock and rock strength and its mechanical properties has been improved by grouting.

The drying curves about various factors were summed up to conclude airflow temperature is the most important factor which affects drying effect.
Therefore, it is necessary to consider high efficient drying method for corn stalks drying and airflow temperature for drying is not too high to prevent the precipitation of volatile and affect the property of corn stalks after drying.
Multi-factor orthogonal experiment was designed to get primary and secondary relationship of these four factors which affect drying.
Hot air temperature is the main factor which affects drying characteristics.
The factors and levels are shown in Table 2.

The rock fragmentation process is the interaction process between TBM and rock mass, which is affected by TBM specifications, such as thrust force, cutter tip width and profile, cutter spacing, RPM, and torque, and rock mass properties mainly including rock material strength, rock brittleness, joint spacing and orientation.
Subsequently, use of interactive multi-factor orthogonal test method, impact of significant factor during the breaking process has been obtained.
The input parameters for the rocks modeled were determined based on the measured rock properties.
The properties of the rock models were represented using a linear equation of state (EOS).
Table 1 Mechanical properties of the rock types modeled in this study.

The effects of technical conditions on the mechanical properties of WPC were investigated.
In the process of WPC production, the properties of the final product is not only affected by plant fiber types [1], modified method [2], matrix type and interface properties [3] and other factors, but also directly affected by the molding process [4].
In the mixing and molding process, the factors affecting the product quality are usually includes mixing temperature, mixing time, molding pressure, molding temperature, molding time and etc [5-6].
The effect of mixing time on the mechanical properties of ONPF/rPP composites was depicted in Fig.3 and Fig.4.
Further increase in the molding pressure resulted in a decrease in mechanical properties.

Chaturvedi Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 5V6 Email: mchat@cc.umanitoba.ca Keywords: Liquatin cracking, Ni superalloy welds, Heat affected zone Abstract.
This has lead to a significant progress in the development of nickel based superalloys with greatly improved properties.
It is widely used in aero-engine and land based power generation turbines due to its outstanding high temperature strength and corrosion properties.
Formation of sulphocarbides in Ni base superalloys is generally considered beneficial for mechanical properties due to its effect of tying up substantial amount of sulphur that could otherwise be available for segregating to grain boundaries causing embrittlement.
Jena and Chaturvedi [18] had suggested that grain boundary borides in superalloys could be harmful to its properties.

The grain size in the area near the weld lines is the main factor that affects the efficiency of the VSR treatment.
Their chemical constitution and mechanical properties are listed in table 1-4.
Table 1.Chemical constitution of the Q235 steel (wt.%) C Si Mn S P Fe ≤0.20 ≤0.35 ≤1.4 ≤0.045 ≤0.045 other Table 2.Mechanical properties of the Q235 steel Yielding strength σs/MPa Tensile strength σb/MPa Ductility δ/% ≥235 370~400 ≥26 Table 3.
Chemical constitution of the Q345 steel (wt.%) C Si Mn S P Nb Al Fe ≤0.18 ≤0.50 0.9~1.6 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 0.02~0.05 ≥0.015 other Table 4.Mechanical properties of the Q345 steel Yielding strength σs/MPa Tensile strength σb/MPa Ductility δ/% ≥355 490~630 ≥21 Table 5.
(2) The main factor that affects the efficiency of VSR is not the phase constitution of the materials, rater, the grain size plays an more important role.

Moisture is a critical environmental factor that can be damaging the composite properties.
Costa et al [12] indicated that both temperature and moisture can influence the static mechanical properties of composite laminates.
The presence of moisture within polymeric composites often degrades their physical and mechanical properties.
As shown in Fig. 2, both temperature and humidity may affect the static mechanical properties of composite laminates.
Combined with the temperature effects, these factors may cause significant changes in the matrix toughness affecting the laminate strength [12].

In the process of metal powder laser rapid forming, various defects may be caused in forming parts on account of technical parameters, equipment performance, material characteristics and other factors.
The experimental analysis finds that less or over accumulation resulting from powder feed delay is the main reason for affecting the dimensional accuracy of cladding and the main reason which affects the appearance of surface sticky powder is specific energy.
Titanium alloy has been widely used in the aerospace field since it has the significant properties such as high specific strength, corrosion-resistance, heat resistance, and so on.
It has become the trump card in the field of titanium alloy since it has the properties of heat resistance, intensity, ductility, tenacity, forming property, weld ability, corrosion-resistance and good biocompatibility.
Sun: Microstructure and Wear Properties of Laser Clad Ni-TiC Composite Coating on Titanium Alloy Substrate (Ph.D., Harbin Institute of Technology, China 2000), p. 20-28.

Especially, to ensure the size of the composite structural components after forming, Invar36 has been used as a material for forming mould in the field of aerospace for it can match the thermal expansion properties of composite material[2-3].
Chemical composition and mechanical properties of Invar 36 were shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
Table 1 Chemical composition of Invar36 C P S Si Mn Ni Fe £0.05% £0.02% £0.02% £0.3% £0.6% £35.0%~37.0% Rest Table 2 Mechanical properties of Invar36 Mechanical properties Value Tensile strength (MPa) 590 Yield strength (MPa) 410 Elongation rate (%) 30~45 Hardness (HRB) 72 Elastic modulus (GPa) 141 (c) Spindle Holder Milling cutter Workpiece Dynamometer Workbench (b) (a) Dynamometer Workpiece Spindle Holder Milling cutter Fig. 1 (a) Machining center, (b) Clamping setup of workpiece and (c) Diagram of experiment setup All the milling experiments were carried out on a 5-axis milling machine center (MIKRON UCP 710) as shown in Fig. 1(a).
In this paper, cutting speed, feed per tooth, axial depth of cut and radial depth of cut were set as control factors with three levels respectively and cutting force was set as response factor.
The significant factors for the cutting force was determined by Taugchi's experiment and range analysis.