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Thermal cycles and cooling rate gradients affect the microstructural properties of the weld, which is responsible for mechanical performance [10].
This approach applied for enhancing the mechanical properties of assemblies produced by friction stir welding, as demonstrated by some authors [16].
The choice of process factors was done according to the main findings described in literature, which indicate the most influencing parameters on welding properties [29-30].
This plasma interacts with the laser radiation, affecting the energy delivery and process dynamics.
Qu: Effect of simulated welding thermal cycle on microstructure and mechanical properties of X90 pipeline steel Mat.

The properties of the final SLM components depend on the process parameter optimization.
Based on the literature data [8-15], it can be concluded that thanks to elaboration of surface modification by PVD (Physical Vapour Deposition) of pure titanium it will be possible to produce functional implants, which mechanical, physicochemical, and electrochemical properties affect the limitation of factors causing progressive destruction processes in the human body [15-23].
Pure titanium is characterized by high biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, and of course satisfactory mechanical properties, which makes it a good material for cooperation with the bone.
In order to eliminate unfavorable factors, it is necessary to use surface modification.
Święszkowski, Microstructure and mechanical properties of investigation of CP titanium processed by Selective Laser Melting (SLM), J.

Mechanical properties of NiTiNOL Material Mechanical Properties Values NiTiNOL Elastic Modulus (GPa) 75 Density (g/cc) 6.5 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 11 x 10-6 /°C Melting Point 1310° C Modulus of Rigidity (GPa) 28 Table 2 shows the mechanical properties of tool material that is PCD.
Mechanical properties of PCD Material Mechanical Properties Values Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) Elastic Modulus (GPa) 890-1000 Density (g/cc) 4.12 Thermal Conductivity (W/m k) 540-560 Hardness (GPa) 50 Average Grain size (μm) 10 Grade CTB010 2.2 Design of experiments and Methodology Full Factorial design (L27) is adopted for the study focusing on three factors at three levels—Vc, fr and D.
The enhanced Eq. (2) provides a more accurate prediction of tool life in milling processes, considering the complex interplay of factors that affect tool wear [23].
Similarly, a specific hierarchy of parameters influencing S/N ratios is shown in Fig.6, the main factor affecting the S/N ratio for Deformation is the fr.
Fig.4 displays a particular hierarchy of parameters affecting S/N ratios.

In general, polymer degradation is influenced by many factors (such as enzymes, environmental factors, crystallinity, temperature, pH, shape, and humidity) [5, 14].
The physical appearance and mechanical properties were investigated.
The mechanical properties and appearance of the samples before and after the landfill burial test was compared by mechanical testing and photos taken.
The rate of the bulk degradation mechanism influences by several factors such as humidity, pH of the environment, crystallinity, cross-linking and morphological properties [1, 22].
The mechanical properties of the PLA decreased faster than PBS polymer (after two and four weeks).

Cooling rate, coiling temperature, and the open sequence of valve affect directly the final microstructures and mechanical properties of rolled products [8-11].
There are more factors affecting coiling temperature, in which strip velocity is strong timevariable, especially in accelerate rolling, time of different points through cooling zone is different.
The mechanical properties of cooled product reach or exceed the normative values.
Summary The cooling process on the runout table (ROT) has been modelled by taking into account the various factors that affect the temperature of the strip.
The mechanical properties of cooled product reach or exceed the normative values.

Improving the Properties of Sapphire by Coatings Liping Fenga, Zhengtang Liub State Key Lab of Solidification Processes, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China a flpmerry@yahoo.com.cn, b liuzht@nwpu.edu.cn Keywords: sapphire; transmission; surface morphology; flexure strength Abstract.
SiO2 coatings and double layer films of SiO2/Si3N4 have been designed and prepared on sapphire (α-Al2O3) by radio frequency magnetron reactive sputtering in order to improve the optical and mechanical properties of infrared windows of sapphire.
Introduction Single crystals of sapphire exhibit outstanding optical and mechanical properties that make this material highly attractive for manufacturing mid-wave (3~5um) infrared-transmitting windows and domes capable of operating in adverse environments [1-2].
Silicon dioxide and silicon nitride are important materials used as high and low index films in multilayer optical thin films devices because of their desirable properties.
It was observed that the prepared coatings can affect the morphology and roughness of the sapphire substrate.

Research on the Construction of Three Levels of Customization Model Based on Human Engineering Weijin An1,a and Wenming Yang2,b 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China 2School of Management, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China aanweijin@tju.edu.cn, bWyang@tju.edu.cn Keywords: Human engineering, Individual needs, Three levels of customization model, Man-machine system Abstract: In order to satisfy increasing demand for personalized products, through analysis characteristic parameters of individual factors such as the various parts of the body size, body weight, body surface area, factors affecting the performance of the machine and their mathematical relationships, three levels of customization model based on human engineering by using mechanics and control theory was established to help designers to design personalized products, best meet customer's all aspects of demand.
Although ergonomics reveals the laws of man-machine relationship, but the provided data are average data, in real life, people under the influence of different factors such as the sex, age, hobbies, alone "scientific data" can not fully solve the practical problems.
The model consider not only the law of human activities, but also impact of individual factors on the static and dynamic performance.
Customization process is from the shallower to the deeper: First, according to the needs of consumers to choose the colors and models; Second, according to the individual size input by customer to design the structure of various components, for example, the design of the frame; Third, according to weight and size to design the size of the various components which affect static and dynamic properties, such as: spring.
To determine custom parameter, designers need to consider bicycle structural elements, human-vehicle dynamics feature and human factors [8-9]: 1.

The used titanium alloy in the experiment is widely used for manufacturing the aircraft components, and the material trademark is TA15, of which the main composition and mechanical properties is shown in table 1 and table 2 respectively [6].
Because milling force can not only influence the machining accuracy and surface quality of the parts, but also directly affect the quantity of heat generated, and further affect the tool wear, tool breakage and tool life etc. [9], according to the reference [10], there are many factors which can affect milling force.
But when the tool, cooling and the material are specified, the milling depth, milling width, feed engagement and milling speed will be the main factors to affect milling force.
Because of many factors to affect milling force, the method of orthogonal experiments is used in the test.
The dosage level of main influence factors is shown in table 3.

The functional similarity criteria and structural similarity criteria derived from this method can accurately describe the similar properties of mechanical components under different similar requirements and can be used to set up the experimental model.
Function is the nature when the components affect and exchange with the external environment, it’s the pattern of manifestation with the external environment.
Structure is the nature when the inner elements affect and impact with each other.
And the structure here is not the structure of the system, but the inner factor of the components for example size, modulus and other physical parameters.
The similarity theory and its application in mechanical engineering[J].

Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr31 hypereutectic cast iron Chuanxiao Peng, Wenchao Cui, Xiaoyan Yang, Li Wanga School of Mechanical and Electrical and Information Engineering, Shandong University at Weihai, Weihai 264209, People’s Republic of China awanglihxf@sdu.edu.cn Keywords: Hypereutectic high chromium cast irons, Heat treatment, Microstructure, Erosion wear property.
Its service life is greatly affected by the erosion wear property of materials.
In this work, Cr31 hypereutectic cast iron was selected to study the effect of heat treatment (destabilization + SCHT) on microstructure and mechanical properties.
Two factors, secondary carbide precipitating and martensite formation, enhanced specimens.
Liu, Microstructure evolution and its influence on mechanical properties of hypereutectic HCCIs, Master Thesis, Northeastern University, 2010, p.32.