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In the back-process of the IUS, a low-cost energy harvesting module is added, which is actually a biological reactor using the nutrient materials in the urine to cultivate a non-pathogenic bacteria, Vibrio Fischeri.
Sandra, Journal of Chromatography B-Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences, Vol. 834 (2006), p. 134-140
Dong, Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 18 (2013), 097001
Erwig, Journal of Visual Languages and Computing, Vol. 18 (2007), p. 71-95
Dong, Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, Vol. 23 (2013), 045011.

In this paper, the analysis for outer body and lining washer's load from two parts: elastic deformation and plastic deformation based on the disciplines of kinetics and strength of materials [1-3].
Mechanical Engineering Science, No. 2, (1960), p.81-83
Ji: Strength of Materials, Changchun: Jilin University Press, (1990), p.51-55
Zhang: Journal of Jiamusi University (Natural Science Version), Vol.17, No.2, (1999) p.264-266
Lecture Notes in Computer Science 4282, (2006), p.28-37.

Electro-spark deposition (ESD) is a microwelding process that utilizes short duration of electrical pulses to deposit electrode materials to a metallic substrate.
Compared to the TA2 electrode, the 7075 aluminum alloy substrate with lower melting point generates a larger volume of molten materials.
Materials and Design Vol.32 (2011), P.1594 [2] Zheng Chen, Y.Zhou.
Applies Surface Science Vol. 228 (2004), p. 405 [5] M.
The open surface journal Vol.3 (2011), P.105 [6] R.N.

Methodology Raw Materials.
Raw Materials Characterization.
ACI Materials Journal 109 (2012)
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2014 (2014)
Materials & Design 130 (2017): 381-391

It is also widely used as additive for many other materials.
Takata, The use of SEM to investigate the effect of an elect beam on the optically-visible flashover tree of CaO added MgO ceramic, Journal of Materials Science 42(15), pp. 6036-6040, 2007
Ismail, Materials Today: Proceedings, 5, 3193–3201, 2018
Adesta, Fabrication of CuSiC Composite by Powder Metallurgy Route, Advanced Materials Research, 264-265, pp 748-753, 2011
Apelian, Particulate Processing (Powder Metallurgy), Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, 6761-6768, 2001.

Because of the above excellent physical and chemical properties, it is widely used in many areas, for example, electric light sources, semiconductors, optical communications, defense industry, metallurgy industry, building materials, chemistry, machinery, electric power, and environmental protection etc.
Tool: submitted to Journal of American Ceramic Society (1946)
Badeke: submitted to Journal of Aerosol Science and Technology (2008) [6] Bernd Hannebauer and Frank Menzel: submitted to Journal of Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie (2003) [7] Coppalle and Vervisch: submitted to Journal of Combustion and Flame ( 1983) [8] U.
Fabian: submitted to Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids (2000)
Schadrack: submitted to Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids (2009)

Study on electronic structure and optical property of Silicon doped with transition metal by First principles Yu Jie1, a, Chen Jing-Chao1,b , Pan Yong2,c, Chen Rong1,d 1 Key Lab of Advanced Materials in Rare&Precious and Non-ferrous Metals, Ministry of Education ,KMUST Faculty of Material science and Engineering , Kunming University of Science and Technology, 650093 Kunming, China 2Kunming Institute of Precious Metals, 650021 Kunming,China ayujie@kmust.edu.cn, bcjingchao@hotmail.com, cpanyong@163.com,dchenrong@163.com Keywords: first-principles, lattice parameter, electronic structure, optical property.
A direct electric transition, without phonon affluent, is possible in indirect band gap materials if the photon energy is high enough.
Acknowledgement This work is supported by Natural Science Foundation（50874054）of China, Natural Science Joint Foundation (u0837601) of china, Natural Science Foundation (No.2009CD134) of Yunnan Province of China.
References [1]Li G C , Li G H: Theoretical investigation on new materials for raising efficiency of energy conversionin PEC solar cells.
Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells , Vol.30,pp.6l–64,(1993) [2]S.

Corrosion Characteristic of Double Glow Plasma Hydrogen-free Carburizing on Titanium Li-na GUO 1, a, Jin CHEN 2,b and Jun-de PAN 3,c 1 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China 2 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China 3 Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China a guolina2001@126.com, b chenjinty@sohu.com, cghgscw@163.com Keywords: Titanium; double glow technique; hydrogen-free carburizing; corrosion characteristic.
Firstly, A alveolate high purity solid graphite was manufactured as a source materials, and the workpiece of substrate Ti and a source materials manufactured were put in a double glow plasma furnace.
The microstructure of the carburized layer is shown in Fig. 2.We can see clearly the alloy layer different from substrate materials on the surface of Ti after hydrogen-free carburizing.
[4] Z.Xu:Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology Vol. 11 (1993).p. 71—75(In chinese)
[5] C.Z.Wang, B.Tang, Y.G.Su, Z.Xu : Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, Vol. 12 (1991).p.43—48(In chinese).

Klimpel2,c 1Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Institute of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, ul.
Together with the increasing laser power, also the depth of remelting material grows up.
WNT, Warszawa - 2002 [2] Dobrzański L.A., Mazurkiewicz J., Hajduczek E.: Journal of Mat.
Przegląd spawalnictwa nr 8, Warszawa - 1999 [4] Dae-Hwan K., Seong-Hyeon H., Byoung-Kee K.: Fabrication of ultrafine TaC powders by mechano-chemical process, Materials Letters - 2004 [5] Klimpel A.: Napawanie i natryskiwanie cieplne, WNT Warszawa - 1999 [6] Yang L.J.: Wear coefficient of tungsten carbide against hot-work tool steel disc with two different pin settings., Science Direct - 2004 [7] Direct - 2004 [8] Sjöström J., Bergström J.: Thermal fatigue testing of chromium martensitic hot-work tool steel after different austenitizing treatments., Journal of Materials Processing Technology - 2004 [9] Teghil R., D'Alessio L., Zaccagnino M., Ferro D., Marotta V., Maria G.
De.: TiC and TaC deposition by pulsed laser ablation: a comparative approach, Applied Surface Science - 2001

Quadri: International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Vol. 2 (2010), p. 5977
Travessa: Materials and Design Vol. 32 (2011), p. 4684
Ma: Materials Science and Engineering Vol. 50 (2005), p. 1
Belluci: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol. 152 (2004), p. 97
Arcaklioglu,: Materials and Design Vol. 28 (2007), p. 78