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Condition Assessment of the Timber Structures of a Century-Old Industrial Building Using a Nondestructive Inspection Procedure Xiping Wang1,a, Marko Teder2,b, and James Wacker1,c 1USDA Forest Products Laboratory, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI 53726, USA 2Dep. of Rural Building, Inst. of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, Tartu 51014, Estonia axwang@fs.fed.us, bmarko.teder@emu.ee, cjwacker@fs.fed.us Keywords: Inspection, microclimate, resistance micro-drilling, stress wave timing, timber structure Abstract.
The purpose of this investigation was to conduct an in situ physical condition survey of the large timber members using a nondestructive testing procedure and provide the facility engineers a fair assessment of the true physical conditions of the structure upon which a rational and cost-effective repair plan can be established.
The scope of the in situ physical inspection was limited to the areas that were under concern and specified by the facility engineers.
A combination of visual, hammer sounding, stress wave timing, and resistance micro-drilling techniques were used to inspect the timber members in the concerned areas specified by the facility engineers.
Inspection and monitoring techniques for bridges and civil structures.

Dynamic, Modal and Wave Propagation Analyses of 3D Functionally Graded Continua Ganesh Anandakumara and Jeong-Ho Kim b Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut, 261 Glenbrook Rd, U-2037, Storrs, CT 06269, USA a anandg@engr.uconn.edu, bjhkim@engr.uconn.edu Keywords: Functionally graded materials, Finite element methods, Dynamic analysis, Modal analysis, Rayleigh Ritz method, Wave propagation.
Int'l Journal of Engineering Science, 35(9):869-883, 1997
Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, 26(2): 119-132, 2002
Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 4:245-249, 1976

Visual Implement of Virtual Reality Tour based on VRML Jianbing Xiahou1, a, Jintong Rao2,b, Yuan Li2,c, Yao Yin1,d 1 School of Software, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, china 2 School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, china ajbxiahou@xmu.edu.cn, braojintong@xmu.edu.cn, cliyuan79@xmu.edu.cn,dyaoable@gmail.com Keywords: VRML, Polyline, Tour Abstract: In this paper, a visual solution is presented about virtual reality tour of Web3D based on VRML.
As shown in Figure 3, combining engineering practice, the cube in the center expresses polyline vertices through visualization methods, while the three arrows express the directions of three axes’ movements through visualization methods.
The virtual reality system has been applied in a number of projects, and has been applied with great practical significance, but also greatly improves engineering efficiency.
[4] PANG Liaojun,LI Huixian,WANG Li,WANG Yumin:Implementation of VRML's Network Communication Function Based on Java , Computer Engineering. 2007, 33(11):47-49

Adaptive Kalman Filter Based Aircraft Ground Icing Thickness Prediction XING Zhi -Wei1, a, Zhang Hui 2, b and Ren Zhun 3, c 1 Ground Support Equipment Research Base, CAUC No.2898, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300300, China 2, 3 Aeronautical Automation College, Civil Aviation University Of China, Tianjin 300300, China a zhiweixing@yahoo.cn, b zhanghuilovelike@163.com, c renzhun1987@126.com Keywords: aircraft icing; adaptive kalman filter; prediction model; dynamic noise; ice thickness.
Journal of Fluids Engineering, 2006, 128(2)：378-388
Computer Engineering and Design, 2010,31(7)：1545-1549
Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering, 2010, 21(5): 156-159
Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2011, 11(4)：155-156

Study of CaCO3 Whiskers: Preparation and Applicability in Construction Materials Jian-qiang WE I1, a, Ming-li CAO1, b 1 School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China aemail:weijianqiang2009@126.com, bemail: caomingli3502@163.com Keywords: CaCO3 whisker; preparation methods; applicability; construction material Abstract.
Engineering flow sheet for preparing CaCO3 whisker by carbonation method[1].
From the perspective of industrial production, double decomposition reaction method with soluble calcium and soluble carbonate salt, Ca(OH)2—CO2 gas-liquid carbonation reaction method and high-gravity reactive precipitation method have more theoretical and engineering values and have been widely applied.
References [1] H X Chen, R C Song., Journal of Materials Science & Engineering, 2004, 22(2): 197-200 [2] OTAY, INUI S, IWASHITA T, et al.

Optimization Study on Open Shaped Ribs Arrangement and Diaphragm Cutout for Steel Orthotropic Box Girder Zhenwang Wu1, Kaifeng Zheng1, Yingjie Cui1 , Yanbin Shui2 1School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China 2Department of Bridge, Tunnel and Track Traffic, Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China zhenwangwu@139.com, shuiyb1976@163.com Keywords:steel orthotropic box girder; open shaped ribs arrangement; diaphragm cutout; optimization study Abstract.The ramp B of one overpass was designed as curved steel orthotropic box girder, whose deck was welded with open shaped bulb ribs in the range of driveways.
Engineering background and finite element model The ramp B of one overpass, of which main span is 32m and minimum curve radius is 40m, adopts 1.5m constant depth steel orthotropic box girder.
“Full-scale fatigue tests of steel orthotropic decks for the Williamsburg Bridge,” Journal of Bridge Engineering, ASCE, Volume 8, Issue 5, September/October 2003, pp.323-333

Measurement and interpretation of residual stresses induced in Ti-17 by machining conditions Fréour S.a , Girard E.b , Guillén R.c Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (UMR CNRS 6183), IUT de Saint-Nazaire - Université de Nantes, 37, Boulevard de l'Université, BP 406, 44 602 Saint-Nazaire cedex, France.
Boyer, Materials Science and Engineering, A213, (1996), pp 103-114
Williams, Materials Science and Engineering, A263, (1999), pp 107-111
Diamond: Practical Experiment Designs - For Engineers and Scientists, (Competitive Manufacturing Series, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1989)
Taguchi and Konishi S: Orthogonal arrays and linear graphs - tools for quality engineering, (Dearborn, MI: American Supplier Institute, Inc, 1987)

Calculation on Energy Saving Potential of a New Dry-type Air-conditioning System Xiaowei Hu1,a, Yufeng Zhang1,b, Lili Wei2,c, Xinhui Wu3,d 1.School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072, China 2.School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Ningbo University of technology Ningbo 315016 3.Mechanical Engineering School,Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China a,bhu_xw2005@126.com;cweilili990503@163.com; d991290996@qq.com Keywords: desiccant wheel air-conditioning system; silica gel wheel; high temperature heat pump; simulation calculation; energy saving potential; Abstract.
“HVAC dehumidification systems for thermal comfort: a critical review,” Applied Thermal Engineering, vol. 25(5–6), 2005, pp.677–707

Structures for Engineering and Architecture, Naples, Italy afaggiano@unina.it, bmariarosaria.grippa@unina.it, ccalderon@unina.it Keywords: Chestnut timber, non-destructive tests, bending tests, mechanical identification.
Journal of Civil Structural Health Monitoring: Volume 1, Issue 3, page 103-112, 2011
Experimental analysis on old chestnut timber by means of non-destructive techniques. 11th World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE2010), Riva del Garda, Italy, 20-24 June 2010
Structural grading of old chestnut elements by compression and bending tests. 11th World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE2010), Riva del Garda, Italy, 20-24 June 2010
Combined methods for in situ mechanical identification of ancient timber structures based on non-destructive tests. 11th World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE2010), Riva del Garda, Italy, 20-24 June 2010.

Hii1,e 1Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Science, Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus, 93350 Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. 2Guangxi Electrical Polytechnic Institute, Guangxi, 530007 Nanning, Guangxi, China.
The filtration process was conducted in Swinburne Chemical Engineering Laboratory.
Meanwhile, the observation process for the filtered samples was conducted Swinburne Civil Engineering Material Laboratory.
Chen, Effects of microplastics on wastewater and sewage sludge treatment and their removal: a review, Chemical Engineering Journal. 382 (July 2019), 122955 [7] S.A.