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State of the Art of Constitutive Model of Concrete Materials Based on Damage Mechanics D.X.Zhang1,2,a and Q.Y.Wang2,b 1Collage of civil engineering, tongji university ,shanghia, 200092, china 2North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power , Zhengzhou Henan 450011, china a dxzhang@ncwu.edu.cn, b Wqy@ncwu.edu.cn Keywords: Concrete; Constitutive Model; Damage Mechanic; Thermodynamic Approach Abstract.
The proper choice of constitutive models for an engineering application depends on the actual need and the loading circumstances.
Continuum damage theory-Application to concrete, ASCE Journal of Engineering Mechanics.

For the proper design of the protective construction elements, including evaluation of their impact resistance and to ensure that protective buildings are safe to use, the construction engineer must have knowledge in this area.
Cieślik, Technical report on resistance to burglary of cash box window with antiburglar pane of the class P4 (in Polish), Institute of Military Engineering, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, 2002
Rekucki et al., Technical report on testing of the resistance of panes and windows to explosive loading (in Polish), Institute of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, 2003.

Analysis of Impact of Tire Tread Groove Depth on Hydroplaning Risk Level Liu Tangzhi1a, Tang Boming1,Li Haiying2b 1Dong Bin and Gao Jianping,School of Civil Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University No. 66 Xuefudadao , Nanan district,,Chongqing Municipality, P.
Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2003,4
Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2004,3

STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF SINGLE LAYER SPACE FRAME WITH MEMBER ARRANGEMENT FOLLOWING SPIRAL PHYLLOTAXIS CHOONG KOK KEONG1, a and JAE YEOL KIM2,b, * 1School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia 2, *Corresponding Author, Department of Architectural Engineering, Hyupsung University, Bongdam, Hwasung, KOREA akkchoongmy@yahoo.com, bjykim@uhs.ac.kr Keywords: Spiral phyllotaxis, space frame, plant organs Abstract.
They are of special interest to engineers as they enclose a maximum amount of space with a minimum surface and have been proved to be very economical in terms of consumption of constructional materials.

Experimental Study on the Axial Compression Capacity of Condensed Column in Composite Masonry Wall Shaojie WANG1, a, Fusheng LIU*1,b, Tong SUN1,c, Shunke ZHANG1,d and Hongbin WANG1,e 1 College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, 271018, China atumuwsj@163.com, bliufsh@sdau.edu.cn, csuntongtz@hotmail.com, dshk.zhang@163.com, ewanghongbin1987@163.com Keywords: Composite Masonry Wall with Condensed Core Column, Concrete Hollow Block, Axial Compression, Failure Mode, Experimental Study.
Introduction In recent years, the concrete hollow blocks have been widely used in construction and engineering fields, for its advantages of saving energy, building materials, as well as its convenience of drawing materials and constructing [1-4].
Hao: Engineering Structure Vol.30 (2008), p.870 [5] Z.D.

A Pull-Shear Test for Debonding of FRP- Laminates for Concrete Structures Lluís Gil, Juan José Cruz and Marco Antonio Pérez Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Department of Strength of Materials and Structural Engineering ETSEIAT, CER-LITEM c/ Colom 11, 08222, Terrassa lluis.gil@upc.edu, juan.jose.cruz@upc.edu, marco.antonio.perez@upc.edu Keywords: Laminate carbon fibers, reinforcement concrete, anchorage length, debonding Abstract The reinforcement of concrete structures with laminates of carbon fibers CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer) began in the 1970's but laminates were not used extensively until the 1990's.Nowadays it is one of the most promising technologies due to the good mechanical characteristics of the laminates and their easy manipulation.
Author 2 also wants to thank to PROMEP and to the F.I-UNACH by the scholarship granted for the accomplishment of his Doctorate in Civil Engineering. 8.
"Anchorage Strength Models for FRP and Steel Plates Bonded to Concrete", Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 127 (7), pp. 784-791

Fassois Stochastic Mechanical Systems & Automation (SMSA) Laboratory Department of Mechanical & Aeronautical Engineering University of Patras, GR 265 00 Patras, Greece E-mail: {fkopsaf,fassois}@mech.upatras.gr Keywords: damage localization, damage quantification, vibration based methods, stochastic methods Abstract.
Introduction The interest in the ability to monitor a structure and detect damage at an early stage is pervasive throughout the mechanical, aerospace and civil engineering communities.
Sakellariou: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences Vol. 365 (2007), p. 411

Civil Engineering, 2839-516 Caparica, Portugal 3University of Minho, School of Engineering, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal acristiana.pereira@estbarreiro.ips.pt (corresponding author), bpaulina.faria@fct.unl.pt, crfang@det.uminho.pt, dana.martins@estbarreiro.ips.pt, epvinagre.435@estbarreiro.ips.pt, esratao.1315@estbarreiro.ips.pt Keywords: waste fibrous material, recycling, fiber-reinforced mortar, mortar characterization, compatibility.
[5] Lundahl, A., Study on the waste fiber reinforced ecocomposites, MSc thesis, E-TEAM European Masters in Textile Engineering, university of Minho (2008)

Tensile Mechanical Properties of AM50A Alloy by Hopkinson Bar Dong Wei SHU 1, a, Wei ZHOU 1,b Guo Wei MA 2,c 1 School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798 2 School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798 a mdshu@ntu.edu.sg, bwzhou@cantab.net, ccgwma@ntu.edu.sg Keywords: Hopkinson Bar, AM50A alloy, strain rate, dynamic, plastic, strength, tensile.
Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 233-236(2002), p. 181 [11] B.

Stress Analysis and Experimental Verification on Corroded Prestressed Concrete Beam Er-Yu Zhu 1,a , Chun Liu2 , Li He1 , Hong-Wei Zhang 1 and Nan Xie 1 1School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044 2Bridge and Tunnel office, Engineering Affair Department of Beijing Railway Bureau, Beijing, 100056 a eyzhu@263.net Keywords: prestressed concrete beam; corrosion; finite element calculation; static test Abstract.
[2] Construction and Acceptance Specification on Railway Concrete and Bricking-up Engineering, TBl0210-97（China Railway Press, China, 1997)