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Investigation of Chemical Cost Reduction in Demineralized Water Production Process Somkiat Tangjitsitcharoen1, aand Bhoomchoopong Poolsuwan2,b 1Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok, Thailand 2Bang Pakong Power Plant, ElectricityGenerating Authority of Thailand, Bang Pakong, Chachorngsao, Thailand asomkiat.t@eng.chula.ac.th, bbhoomchoopong.p@egat.co.th Keywords:Demineralized Water,Jar Test,Poly-aluminium chloride (PAC), the pH,The turbidity.
Since the reduction of PAC causes the decrease in acidity in the raw water.
Experimental design and data analysis In order to obtain the proper PAC dosage, the relations of the turbidity, the pH and the PAC dosage are investigated.
Vijitjanyakool.Reduction of COD in wastewater from tannery industry by coagulation and oxidation (2000) [7] S.

After the estimation of kinetic parameters, the model showed good agreement with experimental data for different exhaust temperatures.
Urea-SCR systems possess an outstanding performance in NOX reduction, which can serve as a technology platform for further improvement.
According to the experimental data at different exhaust temperature, the kinetic parameters of urea thermolysis rate expression were obtained from literature [4] and then estimated by using genetic algorithm.
The standard SCR reaction plays an important role in the NOX reduction, so its activation energy has an obvious effect on the NOX conversion efficiency.
Conclusions An accurate urea-SCR model consisting of 1d/3d adblue injection model and 1d catalytic converter model was presented in this work, which showed good agreement with experimental data for different exhaust temperatures after the parameters estimation.

Noise Reduction for a Given Vehicle Based on Sound Intensity Measurement Method Zhixin Liu1, a , Yongwan Shi1, b 1China automotive technology and research center, Tianjin, China aliuzhixin@catarc.ac.cn, bshiyongwan@catarc.ac.cn Keywords: Sound Intensity, Engine, Noise Source Identification.
Introduction Recently noise reduction has become one of the primary goals of new engine development thus lots of scholars and researchers began to attach importance to noise reduction[1～5].
For the purpose of effective noise reduction, it is very important to understand the entire system of noise generation.
Analysis of experimental results The vehicle speed were chosen at idle speed,50km/h and 80km/h. the noise data of three operating conditions was measured and analyzed by the sound intensity measurement system.

A RS encoder produces 240-K bytes of parity-check data by encoding K bytes of information data at a row, and then stores them into the parity-check section at the same row.
On account of different modes, different sizes of storages are required to store information data and parity-check data.
For K=240, there is no need toperformRS coding asit hasno parity-check data.
The first segment (16 columns) of information data are filled into information section.
Chen, Error-control coding for data networks,Kluwer Academic Publishers,Boston, 1999, pp. 233-256.

Figure 1 represents the flow chart for the research methodology and the way of approach to the problem statement and how data were collected.
Current Process Chart Data collection consists of time study for each operation in the manufacturing process.
The data pertaining to part manufactured in the shop floor is given in Table 1.
The line balancing diagram for P5 model is drawn using the collected data as shown in Figure 7 with cycle time for each process and TAKT time.
Data Analysis TAKT Time Calculation: TAKT time is calculated for both P3 and P5 model as given below.

SJTs with a pre-stress hFE of 90 suffer only a 10% reduction of the hFE after 190 hours under a 200 A/cm2 DC current stress at a TJ of 125°C, while a similar stress on earlier generation SJTs resulted in over 25% hFE reduction in only 25 hours.
This paper will present hFE stability data obtained from stressing SJTs free of BPDs.
A current gain degradation of nearly 25% is observed in 6 hours of DC current stress at 125°C, whereas minimal hFE reduction results when the same stress is applied at 25°C.
A similar stress applied to Gen-II SJTs results in ≈ 10% hFE reduction after 190 hours of stressing.
A 10% reduction in hFE is within acceptable limits for this parameter, especially since the SJT switches are mostly operated in the saturation region, typically with a 50% base current overdrive.

Given the importance of the thinning in the ISF process and the limited data on the influence of the process parameters, this study aims to investigate the impact of the step depth ∆z and the feed rate F on the thickness varia- tion during the SPIF of pure aluminum alloy Al1050.
It can be observed that increasing the step size leads to a greater thickness reduction.
The numerical results demonstrated a good level of agreement with the experimental data when comparing the wall thickness distribution across the defined three main regions.
A greater thickness reduction occurred where stretching is the primary deformation mechanism, and this effect became more pronounced as the step size increased. 3.
Numerical and experimental investigation of the effect of strength of aluminum 6061 alloy on thickness reduction in single-point incremental forming.

The simultaneous production of water and oil causes lots of negative effects on the reservoir performance such as significant reduction in oil recovery, corrosion, the cost of oil and water separation, environmental pollutions, and etc.
Additionally, since it is not well-matched with its observation data, by the use of SimOpt software, a reasonable match between the simulated and observed data were achieved.
After achieving a reasonable match between the observed and simulated data in SimOpt, by the use of ECLIPSE 100 software various scenarios are investigated.
This event results in a significant reduction of oil relative permeability and an increase in water-relative permeability, which finally decreases the reservoir recovery factor [2].
According to the geological data, this reservoir contains three faults, which divide the reservoir into four parts but one equilibrium region because of the transmissibility of the faults, and there are 12 production wells (Fig. 1).

The stiffness reduction is caused by two phenomena.
But partially it could be highlighted by the data measured in Norway, which was published in [5]: Table 3: Determination of microfibril angle by small-angle X-ray scattering.
Fig. 6: Elastic modulus determined by nanoindentation.Using the data measured in Norway, they are presented in Table 3 and Fig. 6, the proposed formula of coeffred was validated.
It is seen, that presented formula matches the Norwegian data pretty well.
The reduction formula was derived introducing some assumptions.

As the main aluminosilicate precursor already used in AASC is a waste product of the metal industry (i.e. slag), the incorporation of waste as aggregate into the AASC will lead to further reduction in the cost of the concrete coupled with significant reduction in its embodied energy and carbon.
With most studies showing a reduction in mechanical properties with the incorporation of wastes as aggregate in concrete [4-7].
And the continuous reduction in the workability was observed with increasing RCA content.
Figure 1: 28 day's mechanical properties of AASC incorporating copper slag as a fine aggregate (data from [10]) Increase in the compressive strength was observed in AASC when RCA was used as a replacement of natural coarse aggregate up to 50%, after which there is a reduction in its compressive strength [15].
Sulphate attack on the AASC mixtures leads to a reduction in their compressive strength, with more reduction in strength observed with increasing RCA content [16].