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China is the world's leading bamboo producing countries.Bamboo germplasm resources, bamboo area, bamboo accumulation and production in china all rank first in the world.At present, in the global environment worsening situation, people are eager to use renewable resources as an industrial raw material, thereby reducing the high pollution, non-renewable raw materials such as oil, coal, ore, steel and other dependent, forming a green, sustainable development mode of production.Bamboo is ideal green material.As a structural & building material, bamboo culms have a huge development potential and have been widely used.
Multiscale and Functionally Graded Materials, Vol.8,no.3(2006),p. 754-759 [2] Marco Invernici, Alberto Paolo Sicuso: Bamboom erang:project for the new headquarter of maize culture research centre in bergamo.
:Bamboo / poplar Composites bond performance and its influencing factors.Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences, China 2009 [4] Zhao X.S.: Based on ANSYS Software bamboo surface compression process analysis.
Journal of Inner Mongolia agricultural university,Vol.30,no.1(2009),p.224-228 [5] Ma J.F.
Journal of Building Materials,J Build Mater,Vol.14,no.6(2011),p.793-797 [10] Derek R Mitch.

Experimental Raw materials and Mixing Ratio Raw materials.
While freezing, surplus water is pushed to the bubbles nearby, and materials receive the reaction of water, which probably causes the damage of materials.
Reference [1] Xiuhua Zheng, Baosheng Zhang: Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Natural Science).
[6] Zhengwu Jiang, Zhenping Sun: Journal of Building Materials.
(In Chinese) [8] Rachel, Detwiler: CI Materials Journal.

Materials and Methods Materials The Cassia Seeds were kindly provided by Ningxia Tang Ming Pharmaceutcal Co., Ltd., the herbs were ground with a micro plant grinding machine (Tianjin Taisite Instrument Co., Ltd., China) to obtain a relatively homogenous drug powder and then sieved through 100-mesh screen.
Effects of extraction temperature Appropriate extraction temperature plays an important role in flavonoids recovery from plant materials.
Journal of Chromatography A, 1012(2):119–128. (2003) [10] Chen Y., Xie M.Y., Gong X.
Journal of Food Engineering, 81,162–170. (2007) [11] Eskilsson C.
Journal of Chromatography A, 902, 227–250. (2000) [12] Camel V..

Fig. 1 Forces on disc cutter at different position Material constitutive model.
The constitutive relation of material is critical in numerical simulation of rock-breaking process.
Abaqus offers a general framework for material failure modeling.
Material failure refers to the complete loss of load-carrying capacity which is resulted from the progressive degradation of material stiffness.
Acknowledgements This research is supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (973 Program, No. 2013CB035401), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51074180, 51274252) References [1] Hong W: Journal of China coal society, Vol. 35(2011), P. 1815~1820 [2] Cuixia S, Yanqun W: Journal of Tianjin University, Vol. 44(2011), P. 522~528 [3] Wu L, Tianmin G: Tunneling and Underground Space Technology, Vol. 37(2013), P. 37~44 [4] Kezhi S, Mengshu W: Journal of basic science and engineering, Vol. 19(2011), P. 591~599 [5] Z.X.Zhang, S.Q.Kou: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, Vol. 36(2003), P. 39~61 [6] M.

These numerical methods have been proven correct in simulating the CFRP composite structures and pressure pipes subjected to transverse impact load in previous work [[4] Zhenyu Wang, Yang Zhao, Xu Liang, and Zhiguo He, Analysis of the Dynamic Response in Blast-Loaded CFRP-Strengthened Metallic Beams, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, Volume 2013 (2013) ,[5] Yang Zhao, Guowei Ma, Zhenyu Wang, Numerical study on high-velocity impact behavior of the pressure pipes, International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, in review. ].
ABAQUS offers a damage model to predict the onset of damage and to model damage evolution for elastic-brittle materials (such as CFRP) with anisotropic behavior.
The model is primarily intended to be used with fibre-reinforced materials since they typically exhibit such behavior.
The material properties of the test specimens are tabulated in Table 1 and Table 2.
Table 1: Material properties of 4340 steel and CFRP [7,[11] M.R.

Experimental Materials.
Table 1 Lists the materials used in the experimental work.
Boren, et al.: Journal of Cereal Science Vol. 47 (2008), p. 79 [4] S.
Baldwin, et al.: Journal of Cereal Science Vol. 27 (1998), p. 255 [9] S.
Huber: Journal of Cereal Science Vol. 48 (2008), p. 159

Experimental procedure Materials.
The total amount of cementitious material is 450 kg/m3.
It may be due to the use of supplementary cementing materials.
Xie: submitted to Journal of Cement and concrete research (2001) [3] T.
Huang: submitted to Journal of Construction and Building Materials (2008)

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is a non-traditional manufacturing process of removing material.
Introduction Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is a non-conventional manufacturing process of removing materials and widely used for aerospace, automotive and biomedical industries [1].
Erosion rate with a low current gives a low rate of material removal.
Rahim, Comparison Studies of Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) Process Model for Low Gap Current, Advanced Materials Research Journal, vol. 133-440, pp. 650-654, (2012) [3] T.
Skoric, Influence of discharge energy on machining characteristics in EDM, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, vol. 26, pp. 173-179, (2012)

It was believed that ductility of Fe3Al can be improved when the materials had nanocrystalline microstructure[3-7].
There was a black layer on the top of the target materials, and the top black layer was naturally separated with the desired Fe3Al product and removed by hand.
Intermetallic compounds structural materials,National Defence Industry Press,2001,Beijing.
Tredway, Science, 282, 1998, 1275-1281
Rare Metal Materials and Engineering, 2007,36(8):1350-1353 (chinese) [16]L.

Abdul Amir 1, a * 1School of Physics and Materials, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia ahaider@salam.uitm.edu.my Keywords: GaAs; Gamma Ray; Ion Range and Defect.
The calculation of energy loss of ions in materials or samples should be accurate so as to advance further in technology as well as to gain knowledge in various other branches of science.
Vesely: Influence of Ionizing Radiation in Electronic and Optoelectronic Properties of III–V Semiconductor Compounds, Science Direct, Microelectronics Journal 39 (5), p.732–736 (2008)
Debacker: Microstructure evolution of irradiated tungsten: Crystal effects in He and H implantation as modelled in the Binary Collision Approximation, Journal of nuclear materials, 403(1), p. 89-100 (2010)
Chee: Monte Carlo study of alpha (α) particles transport in nanoscale gallium arsenide semiconductor materials, In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2012:(ICFAS2012) (Vol. 1482, No. 1, p. 559-563), AIP Publishing (2012).