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Mould Materials Temp.
Nguyen, "Identification of critical factors affecting shrinkage porosity in permanent mold casting using numerical simulations based on design of experiments," Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 209, pp. 1209-1219, 2009
Ahmad, "Numerical simulation of casting solidification in permanent metallic molds," Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 178, pp. 29–33, 2006
Quaresma, Amauri Garcia, "Melt characteristics and solidification growth direction with respect to gravity affecting the interfacial heat transfer coefficient of chill castings," Materials and Design, pp. 3592–3601, 2009
Woodc, "Effects of runner system design on the mechanical strength of Al
/7Si
/Mg alloy castings," Materials Science and Engineering A, p. 315
/325, 2003

Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2005(40):51-117
AIAA Journal, 2002, 40(5):879-886
AIAA Journal, 2002, 40(4):638-646
AIAA 2007-2051, 48th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Strucural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 23-26, April 2007, Honolulu, Hawall
AIAA Journal, 2010, 48(1):56-62

Journal of Northeastern University: Natural Scienc, 2010, 31(9): 1292-1295. ].
Science, 1947, 106(2751): 253-256. ].
It provides a theoretical basis for isolating and culturing microorganisms from oil shale, and for utilizing micro-organisms in situ leaching oil shale mining industry. 1 Materials and Methods 1.1 Study site and sample collection Oil shale were collected from the Western Fushun Basin (123°57′ E, 41°50′ N, 75.9 m a.s.l.) in June 2011.
Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2012, 31(3): 640-646. ].
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (51204055) and National Postdoctoral Science Foundation (20100481205).

Mykhailin, Thermally stable polymers and polymeric materials, Profession, St.
Kovalev, Shock-wave processing of powder compositions based on tungsten and fluoropolymer, Promising materials. 11 (2016) 55-60
Agafonova, Effect of explosive pressing on the structure and thermomechanical properties of filled polytetrafluoroethylene, Journal: International Polymer Science and Technology. 2, 45 (2018) 39-42
Zelepugin, Destruction of cylinder ampoules with solid phase reactive mixtures under explosive loading, Letters on materials. 5 (2015) 468-472
Kazurov, Shock Wave Treatment of Polytetrafluoroethylene: Structure and Properties, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 116 (2016) 4

The core of the infrared thermal wave detection technology is the study of the interaction between the heat source and media materials or their geometric structures.
After being heated, the physical structure characteristics and boundary conditions on the surface and subsurface of the different media materials will affect the transmission of the thermal wave and will also affect the variation of the surface temperature field.
Fig. 3 Excited infrared thermal wave image Fig. 4 Change curve of the temperature field Conclusion The infrared radiation temperatures of coal and gangue were different at room temperature or under infrared thermal excitation because of the differences of material and density between coal and gangue.
Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science), 27 (5) :22-25, 2006
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 25 (10), 1997.

The effect of the singularity induced by the free surface on fatigue crack growth in thin structures Pavel Hutař1, a, Luboš Náhlík 1,b and Zdeněk Knésl1,c 1 Institute of Physics of Materials, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Zizkova 22, 616 62 Brno, Czech Republic a hutar@ipm.cz, bnahlik@ipm.cz, cknesl@ipm.cz Keywords: Fatigue crack, vertex singularity, thin structures.
Finally, if the structure is thin enough, stress singularity is roughly constant along crack front, smaller than ½, and depends on the Poisson's ratio of the material.
Acknowledgments This investigation was supported by grants nos. 106/06/P239 and 101/08/1623 of the Czech Science Foundation.
Kuhn : International Journal of Fatigue Vol. 28 (2006), p. 627-634 [4] C.R.
Shivakumar, I.S Raju : International Journal of Fracture Vol. 45 (1990), p. 159-178 [7] Hutař, P., Náhlík, L., Knésl, Z.: Key Engineering Materials, Vols. 348-349 (2007), p. 377-380

Topology optimization step as follows: (1) Defining the design domain, material properties and load, dividing design system and the space in which exit into a limited grid structure, each unit has a certain status (with different thickness, density or elastic modulus, etc.).
In view of material and economy, it is necessary to minimize its weight, in addition the rigidity which is sufficient to withstand the load and isolated resonance should also be considered [6].
Yong: Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, (2006).
(In Chinese) [4] Sedlaczek: Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics, Vol. 4 (2009) No. 2
Zhang: Science in China Series E Technological Sciences, Vol. 51 (2008) No. 4.

(1) k: the coefficient connected with the anchorage segment and the rock : the shear strain of the rock; ：the axial strain of the anchorage segment; Fig. 1 Load transfer of the anchoring section Fig. 2 The deformation of the microelement The Basic Solution of the Stress Distribution along Prestressed Anchor in Rock Mass The basic assumptions: (1) The rock and bonding materials are assumed as the same elastic material, so the shear modulus between the rock and the anchoring segment is ； (2) The axial stress on the anchorage segment is uniformly distributed along the radius of the anchor; (3) The anchorage segment is loaded in elastic state.
The anchoring force is mainly provided by the anchor segment near the loading points, so in the design of anchor the length of the anchor segment should not exceed the effective anchoring length, or it will waste of materials and is useless to increase the ultimate bearing capacity of anchor
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Innovation fund for Kunming University of Science and Technology (2012YC081).
Hyperbolic Function Model to Analyze Load Transfer Mechanism on Bolts.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering.2002
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering. 2000,19(3):339-341

Electrification of dielectric materials and rocks causes a change in their charge state.
Petrov, Development prospects for nondestructive testing of heterogeneous nonmetallic materials by the parameters of electrical response to a shock action, Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing 53(2) (2017) 104-110
Pimonov, Crack dynamics and electromagnetic radiation in loaded rocks, Journal of Mining Science 24(5) (1988) 406-412
Vetrova, Analysis of the thermal modes of Focal Plane Arrays, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 168, (2017) 012095, DOI:10.1088/1757-899X/168/1/012095
Demenkova, Mechanisms of change of superficial properties of polymeric materials in discharge plasma, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 168 (2017) 012092, DOI:10.1088/1757-899X/168/1/012092.

Williams 2,c 1 Manchester Materials Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Grosvenor St.
Man: Journal of Materials Science.
Man: Materials Science and Technology.
Man: Materials Letters.
Lin: Materials Science Forum.