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Online since: July 2020
Authors: Victor I. Bolobov, Vladimir S. Bochkov, Erik V. Akhmerov, Vyacheslav A. Plaschinskiy, Stanislav A. Chupin
According to data [1, 2], mining industry emits about 970 million tons of carbon dioxide annually, which is 2.7% of the world's total.
With the increase in the grade of billet deformation from 1 to 5, the grain size of austenite in the steel structure decreases from 0.16 to 0.03 mm, and its mechanical characteristics increase as a result of such processing: - tensile strength σb-from 570 to 1030 MPa, - yield strength σt - from 480 to 790 MPa, - relative elongation δ-from 14.3 to 17.9 %, - relative reduction ψ-from 17.2 to 20.1 %, - KCU impact strength - from 1.51 to 2.14 MJ / m2.
With the increase in the grade of billet deformation from 1 to 5, the grain size of austenite in the steel structure decreases from 0.16 to 0.03 mm, and its mechanical characteristics increase as a result of such processing: - tensile strength σb-from 570 to 1030 MPa, - yield strength σt - from 480 to 790 MPa, - relative elongation δ-from 14.3 to 17.9 %, - relative reduction ψ-from 17.2 to 20.1 %, - KCU impact strength - from 1.51 to 2.14 MJ / m2.
Online since: November 2016
Authors: Zhong Yun Fan, Feng Gao, Shouxun Ji
The representative data can be seen in Table 1 for the alloy at 600oC and 590oC with different Fe/Mn ratios.
In the meantime, the initial Mn concentration of 0.5 wt-% was decreased to 0.19 wt-% at 600 oC in the liquid phase, showing a significant reduction of 30% for Fe and 60% for Mn.
In the meantime, the initial Mn concentration of 0.5 wt-% was decreased to 0.19 wt-% at 600 oC in the liquid phase, showing a significant reduction of 30% for Fe and 60% for Mn.
Online since: October 2015
Authors: Аlina A. Pichugina, Svetlana A. Kuznetsova, Larisa V. Tsyro
As shown by the results of measuring the low-temperature nitrogen adsorption of vapor, increasing particle size leads to a reduction in specific surface area tin oxide (II).
IR spectra of the samples SnO obtained in the microwave field from: 1 – ammonium suspension Sn6O4(OH)4; 2 – carbonate suspension Sn6O4(OH)4 From the literature data [12,13] it follows that absorption bands in the frequency fluctuations are responsible 3450…1620 cm-1 OH- groups, which have been formed on the surface of oxides after adsorption of the water from the moist air.
IR spectra of the samples SnO obtained in the microwave field from: 1 – ammonium suspension Sn6O4(OH)4; 2 – carbonate suspension Sn6O4(OH)4 From the literature data [12,13] it follows that absorption bands in the frequency fluctuations are responsible 3450…1620 cm-1 OH- groups, which have been formed on the surface of oxides after adsorption of the water from the moist air.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Jilt Sietsma, Lie Zhao, M. J. Santofimia
Case of Study
Experimental data
Calculated Length Change, assuming QM = 215 kJ/mol [%]
Chemical Composition
[wt.%]
Initial Fraction of α’
Annealing Conditions
Experimental Length Change [%]
T [°C]
Time (s)
Case 1
At longer annealing times, most of the carbon has partitioned from martensite to austenite, but the slow interface migration from martensite to austenite towards equilibrium conditions leads to a reduction of the austenite fraction, explaining the length increase at a lower rate.
At longer annealing times, most of the carbon has partitioned from martensite to austenite, but the slow interface migration from martensite to austenite towards equilibrium conditions leads to a reduction of the austenite fraction, explaining the length increase at a lower rate.
Online since: February 2022
Authors: Dmitriy A. Golovko, Lyudmila V. Klimova, Boris M. Goltsman, Elena A. Yatsenko
In the conditions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, the comprehensive utilization of ash and slag waste from own thermal power plants for the needs of road construction will improve the environmental situation and ensure a new quality of roads with a significant reduction in logistics costs for imported road materials.
Material Oxide composition, wt. % SiO2 Al2O3 Fе2O3 + FeO К2O + Na2O Other oxides Slag (Apatitskaya TPP) 57-67 14-18 14-16 8-9 3-4 Ash (Apatitskaya TPP) 34-44 24-26 8-10 3-5 2-4 Slag (Severodvinskaya TPP-1) 54-64 12-14 14-17 3-6 2-5 Ash (Severodvinskaya TPP-1) 32-40 12-18 12-18 3-8 1-3 Analysis of the data presented in Table 1 shows that the main component of ash and slag waste from Apatitskaya TPP and Severodvinskaya TPP-1 is silicon oxide (SiO2): in slag – 57.07 wt. %, in ash – 44.64 wt. %, which causes an easy transition of these materials during high-temperature processing to a glassy state, but at the same time a high content of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) will adversely affect an increase in the temperature of the onset of softening and melting, which can partially compensate for the presence of low-melting components in the ash-and-slag waste composition, such as iron oxides (Fe2O3 + FeO) and alkali metal oxides (K2O + Na2O).
Material Oxide composition, wt. % SiO2 Al2O3 Fе2O3 + FeO К2O + Na2O Other oxides Slag (Apatitskaya TPP) 57-67 14-18 14-16 8-9 3-4 Ash (Apatitskaya TPP) 34-44 24-26 8-10 3-5 2-4 Slag (Severodvinskaya TPP-1) 54-64 12-14 14-17 3-6 2-5 Ash (Severodvinskaya TPP-1) 32-40 12-18 12-18 3-8 1-3 Analysis of the data presented in Table 1 shows that the main component of ash and slag waste from Apatitskaya TPP and Severodvinskaya TPP-1 is silicon oxide (SiO2): in slag – 57.07 wt. %, in ash – 44.64 wt. %, which causes an easy transition of these materials during high-temperature processing to a glassy state, but at the same time a high content of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) will adversely affect an increase in the temperature of the onset of softening and melting, which can partially compensate for the presence of low-melting components in the ash-and-slag waste composition, such as iron oxides (Fe2O3 + FeO) and alkali metal oxides (K2O + Na2O).
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Eric M. Rivera-Muñoz, Rodrigo Velázquez-Castillo, J.L. Cabrera-Torres, Rafael Huirache-Acuña, Jesús Arenas-Alatorre
Data was collected from 5 to 80° on a 2θ scale with a step size of 0.05.
Notice the reduction of the parallel vertical lines in (c) clearly observed inside the square in (a).
Notice the reduction of the parallel vertical lines in (c) clearly observed inside the square in (a).
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Jun Hui Fu, Yan Pei Liu, Hong Yu Feng
Needs analysis results can demand state diagram or flow chart the way to represent data.
Literature [6] object-oriented Petri nets, the introduction of Agent for dynamic object modeling contract net protocol, and the use of mathematical analysis Petri net model is analyzed, indicating that the model is versatile, concurrency, active characteristics of and traffic reduction.
Literature [6] object-oriented Petri nets, the introduction of Agent for dynamic object modeling contract net protocol, and the use of mathematical analysis Petri net model is analyzed, indicating that the model is versatile, concurrency, active characteristics of and traffic reduction.
Online since: November 2025
Authors: Moosa Salim M. Al-Kharusi, Mohammed S. Al Owiemri1
Compression tests were carried out at a constant speed of 1.3 mm/min to record data with high precision.
At higher infill densities, the improved mechanical behavior is also due to the reduction in internal voids, which enhances interlayer bonding and material continuity.
At higher infill densities, the improved mechanical behavior is also due to the reduction in internal voids, which enhances interlayer bonding and material continuity.
Online since: April 2015
Authors: Lian Yun Jiang, Guo Dong Wang, Jian Hui Shi, Guo Yuan, Kun Zhao
Based on the positive role played by the ultra-fast cooling technology in reduction of production, the ultra-fast cooling technology got rapid developing rapidly in the production of hot-rolled strip [2-4].
According to the equipment specific parameters of the hot-rolled 2160mm pre-UFC system and the Field data for a factory, the relationship curves between the flux and the exit velocity for slot nozzle with the different slot widths is shown in the Fig. 2.
According to the equipment specific parameters of the hot-rolled 2160mm pre-UFC system and the Field data for a factory, the relationship curves between the flux and the exit velocity for slot nozzle with the different slot widths is shown in the Fig. 2.