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Especially over the past decade, due to energy shortage, the rising cost of materials, energy saving which has become an important strategic initiative in China's "12th Five-Year" period, the research on Energy-efficient heat exchanger has become the hot topic in the field of heat transfer [1].
Therefore, the faster the working medium heating rate, the more efficient heat transfer.Similarly, if the working medium keeps the same heating rate, the volume of the heat exchanger with efficient heat transfer structure is much smaller, which can saves materials, reduces cost and improves economic efficiency. 3.
Acknowledgement: Hunan province science and technology plan project "application of a high-efficiency heat exchangers in the machinery industry" (number 2011GK3050), Shaoyang City Science and technology plan project "study of a novel tubular heat exchanger" (G1022) funding.
Journal of Gansu University of Technology, 2003, 29(3): 68-71 [3] JIN Shi-lan.
Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology, 2005, 31(2): 62-65

Finite element model of UAV central wing Select materials design sizes, elastic modulus young, material density density, the aerodynamic load force and material yield limit S as random input variables.
The aerodynamic loads, materials design sizes and other properties of the material are set to Gaussian distribution under simulated conditions. σs Table 1.
South China Journal of Seismology,Guangdong, 2014 [3] HE Shuiqing, WANG Shan.
Science Press, Beijing.2008 [5] WANG Shan, HE Jian.
Science Press,Beijing, 2001

Materials and Methods Portland cement M400 of OJSC Kryvyi Rih Cement (Ukraine) was used for concrete production.
Eastern European Journal of Advanced Technologies. 1/6(79). (2016) 55–60 [10] A.
Eastern-European Journal of Enteprise Technologies.3/6 (93). (2018) 46–51
[11] А Shyshkina, A.Shyshkin Fine-Grained Concrete for Repair and Restoration of Building Structures Materials Science Forum Submitted. 1038, (2021) 317-322.
Series: Materials Science and Engineering (2020) 907 012038

RFPA is numerical simulation software which can be used for simulating failure process of brittle materials, such as rock, concrete and so on.
And the software has been successfully used for numerical simulation of rock, concrete and other brittle materials fracture process [2 ~ 4].
Concrete-filled steel tube structure: theoretics and practice[M].Bei Jing: Science Press,2004 [2] Zhu W C,Tang C A.Numerical simulation on sheer fracture process of concrete using mesoscopic mechanical models [J].Construction and Building Materials,2002, 16(8):453-463 [3] Zhu Wancheng, Wang Shuhong, Tang chunan.
Computer simulation on the Three-Point Bending Test of Concrete Specimen. journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science). 1999, 20(5):533-535 [4] LING Li, TANG Chunan, YANG Juying, WANG Shu-hong, ZHANG Yong-bin.
China Civil Engineering Journal. 2001，34(4)：22-31

Understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate biomineralization may thus provide practical routes to the synthesis of new high-performance composite materials.
The brick and mortar ordering of nacre has already inspired the toughening of ceramic materials by co-processing rigid ceramic as silicon carbide and supple interlayers as boron nitride [4].
Material and methods Preparation of growing shell surface.
Science Vol 271 5 (1996), pp 67-69 [2] A.M.
Journal of materials science letters 18 (1999), pp1547- 1549 [4] R.

Because of its excellent properties, EPDM is widely used in electrical industry, automobile, inner tyre, waterproof materials, the improvement of polyolefin, and so on[1,2,3].
Experimental section Materials.
Gockenbach, An investigation of dynamic mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of housing materials for outdoor polymeric insulators, European Polymer Journal. 40 (2004) 2495-2503
Gao, Degradation evaluation of ethylene–propylene–diene monomer (EPDM) rubber in artificial weathering environment by principal component analysis, Materials Letters. 63 (2009) 116-117
Part I, Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 6 (1963) 57-63

Diffusional analysis in Al-Ni cold rolled strip during annealing process ZHU Guohui a, SUI Fengli b and CHEN Qiwei c School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Anhui, Maanshan 243002 a zhuhg@ahut.edu.cn, b fenglisui@21cn.com, c agdcqw@163.com Keywords: Al-Ni strips, diffusion annealing, modeling, interface layer.
Introduction Ni strip is an important material in various batteries such as automobile and phone batteries.
However, Ni is very expensive material which results in high price of products.
Tang, Research of manufacturing technique of Al/Ni clad composite metal, Rare Metal Materials and Engineering, 36 (2007) 296-300
Wang, et al, New development of technology of clad metal, Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 14 (2000) 12-16

Theoretical Investigation and Analysis of Solar Thermoelectric Air Conditioning Zhaohui Qia , Lingyan Xub, Baohong Sunc School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China a zhqi55@gmail.com, b xulingyan85@163.com,c sunbaohong2010@163.com Keywords: Solar energy, thermoelectric refrigeration, Air conditioning.
Solar thermoelectric air conditioning utilizes thermoelectric effect of semiconductor materials to achieve the purpose of refrigerating and heating.
The direct current which flows into semiconductor materials is provided by solar photovoltaic device.
This paper demonstrates the main factors which influence thermoelectric air conditioning such as thermoelectric materials, air supply and heat transfer temperature difference, solar photoelectric devices and so on.
Feng: Journal of Semiconductor Refrigeration, Vol. 22 (2001), p.202 (In Chinese)

Institute of environment science and engineering, Kunming university of science and technology, Kunming, China 2.
Journal of Hydrology, 2010 384(2):1-13
Journal of Hydrology, 2010, 395(1): 103-108
Impact o f vegetation cover and slope on runoff erosion, and water quality for field plots on a range of soil and spoil materials on central Queensland coal mines[J] .
Journal of Hydrology, 1993(143)3:279-295

So it is widely used on the research of basic properties, dynamic response, and crack growth of rock material [13-17].
Sun: Engineering Journal of Wuhan University Vol. 40(2007), p. 84.
Wu, et al: Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol. 32(2010), p. 819.
Cundall: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences Vol. 41(2004), p. 1329 [14] D.O.
Potyondy: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences Vol. 44(2007), p. 667 [15] L.