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Fabrication of Be-Ta Ti Alloys without Pre-Alloyed Powders via SLM Mitsuahru Todai1,a*, Takeshi Nagase2,b and Takayoshi Nakano3,c 1Department of Environmental Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Niihama College, 7-1 Yagumo-cho Niihama, Ehime 792-8580, Japan 2Research Center for Ultra-High Voltage Electron Microscopy, Osaka University, 7-1, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan 3Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan atodai@mat.niihama-nct.ac.jp, bt-nagase@uhvem.osaka-u.ac.jp and cnakano@mat.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp Keywords: be-ta Ti alloys, additive manufacturing Abstract.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (CSTI), the Cross-Ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP), and Innovative design/manufacturing technologies (Establishment and Validation of the Base for 3D Design & Additive Manufacturing Standing on the Concepts of Anisotropy & Customization) from the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO).
This work was also supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (grant number: 18H05254, 25220912 and 20K05141).
Nakano: Microstructure of equiatomic and non-equiatomic Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr-Mo high-entropy alloys for metallic biomaterials, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 753 (2018) 412-421
Nakajima: Biocompatible Low Young's Modulus Achieved by Strong Crystallographic Elastic Anisotropy in Ti-15Mo-5Zr-3Al Alloy Single Crystal, Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 14 (2012) 48-54.

Basalt fiber, filaments and fabrics have been widely used as reinforcing materials of composites [3,4,5].
In this investigation, chopped basalt fibers were the main reinforcing materials that bonded by polypropylene fibers.
Zhang: Rare Metal Materials and Engineering, Vol. 38(2009), p. 426-430, in Chinese
Hong: Journal of Donghua University (Natural Science), Vol. 35(2009), p. 426-430, in Chinese
Liu: Wood Science and Technology, Vol. 38(2004), p. 363-374, in Chinese.

The electrostatic spinning fiber has the uncounted application prospect in the filtering, membrane materials [7], biological medicine [6, 8], nano conductive material because of its small diameter, high specific surface area, much more pore and other characteristics.
Polyethylene oxide (PEO), a water-soluble polymer, which has wide application in paper making, textile, medicine, electrical appliances, battery, ceramics industry and so on as the green environmental protection new materials.
Ti (the temperature at which decomposition starts) is a criterion to indicate the thermal stability of the materials.
Journal of Electrostatics, 1995, 35: 151~ 160 [3] Huang Z M, Zhang Y Z, Kotaki M.
Composites Science and Technology, 2003, 63: 2223~ 2253 [4] Wang Y, Santiago S, Torge J.

Material.
Table 1 Material thermal conductivity Parts Air Insulation-oil Core Windings Transformer body Floor Materials air mineral oil silicon steel aluminium steel concrete Thermal conductivity (W/m*K) 0.0181 0.162 31 171 43 1 HST.
Qingquan, “Simulation Models of Transformer Hot-spot Temperature”, IEEE 10th International Conference on the Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials, 2012
Woo et al., “A Study on the Hot Spot Temperature in 154kV Power Transformers”, Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology, 2012
Wang, et al., “Study of the Winding Temperature Distribution for Distribution Transformer”, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2014

The Johnson-Cook's constitutive relation is adopted for the asphalt material.
(S) (N) Fig. 4 Cutting force for cutting depth of 60mm and cutting speed of 1000mm/s Fig. 3 Stress-strain relationship for asphalt concrete (MPa) Fig. 2 Contact pair for the nodes of cutter and workpiece First surface 1 Secondsurface First surface 2 Contact pair 2 Fig. 1 Finite element milling model for asphalt concrete Cutter Asphalt concrete Fine mesh layer Coarse mesh layer Cutting velocity Materials Model Modeling the material is very important for the whole FE simulation.
Acknowledgment This work is supported by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No: 09JJ6064) .
[4] Jinyue Tian and Huarong Xiang:Journal of Jiangsu University, Vol.25(2004),No.5,pp.380-384
[5] Manhua Qin, Helai Yang and Man Xue: Journal of Tianjin Institute of Urban Construction, Vol.6(2000),No.2,pp.122-125

Llorente, Toughness and microstructure of 13Cr4NiMo high-strength steel welds, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 9 (2000) 609-615
Subramanian, Role of Nb in low interstitial 13Cr super martensitic stainless steel, Materials Science and Engineering: A. 528 (2011) 6812-6818
Subramanian, Microstructure and properties of 13Cr5Ni1Mo0.025Nb0.09V0.06N super martensitic stainless steel, Materials Science and Engineering: A. 539 (2012) 271-279
Li, Microstructural evolution and low temperature impact toughness of a Fe–13%Cr–4%Ni–Mo martensitic stainless steel, Materials Science and Engineering A. 527 (2010) 614-618
Ma, On the hot deformation behavior of AISI 420 stainless steel based on constitutive analysis and CSL model, Materials Science and Engineering A. 593 (2014) 111-119

Several core shapes and types of core material have been applied to the construction of sandwich structure.
AIAA 200220502, 40th Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit, 14217, January 2002
[2] HAN Jie-cai; CHEN Gui-qing; MENG Song-he; LI Xiao-hai, New-typed ARMOR thermal protection systems[J]．Journal of Astronautics，2004，(03)：350-353
Thermal protection system materials and costs for future reusable launch vehicles .Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 2001, 38(2) :294~296
[6] Shi Liping Li Yao He Xiaodong, Research on Metal Thermal Protection System, Aerospace Materials & Technology, 2005, (3):21-23.

The study highlighted the cost-effectiveness of using previously published materials.
Environmental Sustainability (Dependent Variable) 1 We ensure that green procurement aligns with environmental laws in my firm. 109 107 3 1 0 220 2 Green initiative practices decrease carbon emissions and material waste. 105 108 6 0 1 220 3 Ecological materials may raise upfront procurement costs, which can deter smaller firms from adopting green practices. 104 106 2 6 5 220 4 Insufficient training of procurement officers can result in poor implementation of clean energy transition efforts. 102 104 3 6 5 220 5 Green procurement reduces long-term operational costs by promoting clean energy and sustainable materials. 101 109 4 3 3 220 6 International sustainability goals align with green development efforts enhance the project's global credibility. 108 103 0 8 1 220 7 Green-certified materials may not always be readily available in local markets, causing procurement delays. 104 109 6 0 1 220 Source: (Field Survey, 2025). 4.1 : Test of Research Hypotheses H01: Risk factors- such as
Journal of Sustainable Procurement, 7(2),45- 60
Sustainable Practices and Environmental Standards.Environmental Science and Policy, 128, 95-104
International Journal of Fashion and Design, 3 (4), 14- 27

Tewari Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, India *email: vnshuklamtech@gmail.com Keywords: HVOF; Cr3C2–NiCr; Hot corrosion Abstract-The present investigation is an attempt to evaluate the hot corrosion behaviour of high velocity-oxy fuel (HVOF) sprayed Cr3C2-25 % NiCr coating on 310S stainless steel in an actual industrial environment of a coal fired boiler.
The nominal chemical composition of the substrate material is reported in Table 1.
Prakash, “Studies on the behaviour of stellite-6 as plasma sprayed and laser remelted coatings in molten salt environment at 9000C under cyclic conditions” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 172 (2006) 52–63
Baxter, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 26 (2000) 283-298
Prakash, Mechanical and metallurgical properties of plasma sprayed and laser remelted Ni3Al coatings on boiler tube steels, materials Science and Engineering A, 368 (2004) 149-158

Experimental Procedures This section describes the main characteristics of the tested specimens, the properties of their constituent materials, the experimental loading apparatus, the instrumentation and the data acquisition systems.
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