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Online since: November 2012
Authors: António Sergio Pouzada, Carla I. Martins, Fantina R. Esteves
The flexural stiffness data hereafter are the average of five tests.
In Fig. 2 flexural stiffness data as a function of the mould filling and flow rate are presented.
Weight Reduction and Mould Filling.
Weight [g] Weight reduction [%] 70% 53 28 80% 61 18 90% 68 8 100% 74 0 Table 2 - Weight reduction as a function of mould filling.
Stevens, Methods of generating flexural design data for injection moulded plates, Plastics and Rubber Processing and Applications 4 (1984) 181-187
In Fig. 2 flexural stiffness data as a function of the mould filling and flow rate are presented.
Weight Reduction and Mould Filling.
Weight [g] Weight reduction [%] 70% 53 28 80% 61 18 90% 68 8 100% 74 0 Table 2 - Weight reduction as a function of mould filling.
Stevens, Methods of generating flexural design data for injection moulded plates, Plastics and Rubber Processing and Applications 4 (1984) 181-187
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Cheng Ming Li, Jie Shen, Hui Liu, Zhe Shi, Jun Lin Qiu, Li Zhong Xu
The main features of grinding production process optimization includes mill gradation optimization, the extraction of cement grinding process real-time data and historical data, the analysis and prediction of cement grinding process online real-time data, the data mining and intelligent analysis of cement grinding process historical data, expert optimization control and process optimization for cement grinding process.
The method combined with mathematical models, physical and chemical mechanisms, real-time detection data in DCS database, historical data, existing experience and integrated use of regression analysis, neural network, support vector machine, expert knowledge etc to estimate and validate the process parameters which are hard to be measured.
(2) For the operation characteristics of large time delay and strong coupling, time-varying, nonlinear kiln system/grinding system is difficult to be modeled, the paper develops a method based on mechanism, dynamic data, knowledge modeling and multi-model ensemble.
By applying the complex system methods of AI and MBC, based on the analytical inference mechanism that combines expert knowledge bank, historical data and in time data of DCS system, take in time record as fact and inference which output a series of control movement signals that achieved the best result of whole control of VST /grinding system in product quality, product quantity and energy consuming under variety of conditions
In a word, cement production has a great influence on energy saving and emission reduction goals and great social responsibility.
The method combined with mathematical models, physical and chemical mechanisms, real-time detection data in DCS database, historical data, existing experience and integrated use of regression analysis, neural network, support vector machine, expert knowledge etc to estimate and validate the process parameters which are hard to be measured.
(2) For the operation characteristics of large time delay and strong coupling, time-varying, nonlinear kiln system/grinding system is difficult to be modeled, the paper develops a method based on mechanism, dynamic data, knowledge modeling and multi-model ensemble.
By applying the complex system methods of AI and MBC, based on the analytical inference mechanism that combines expert knowledge bank, historical data and in time data of DCS system, take in time record as fact and inference which output a series of control movement signals that achieved the best result of whole control of VST /grinding system in product quality, product quantity and energy consuming under variety of conditions
In a word, cement production has a great influence on energy saving and emission reduction goals and great social responsibility.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Shan Liu, Yao Kun Wang, Zhi Qiang Wan
The external nonlinear aerodynamic force data can be obtained by Euler solver, Navier-Stokes solver and wind tunnel tests.
This will lead to the gradual reduction of natural vibration frequency of aircrafts.
A static aeroelastic response analysis method which can use external nonlinear 3-D aerodynamic force data is developed in this paper.
In addition, the value of aerodynamic coefficient based on flexible data is smaller than based on rigid data.
Aircraft static aeroelasticrespons analysis based on nonlinear experimental aerodynamic data[J].
This will lead to the gradual reduction of natural vibration frequency of aircrafts.
A static aeroelastic response analysis method which can use external nonlinear 3-D aerodynamic force data is developed in this paper.
In addition, the value of aerodynamic coefficient based on flexible data is smaller than based on rigid data.
Aircraft static aeroelasticrespons analysis based on nonlinear experimental aerodynamic data[J].
Online since: September 2019
Authors: Igor A. Polozov, Pu Guang Ji, Alexey V. Orlov, Dmitriy V. Masaylo
The use of this tool leads to a reduction in the amount of initial material and as a result - cost saving.
Optimization of the initial model allows to achieve a significant reduction in the weight of the part (also a reduction in the consumption of the raw material for its production) while preservation of the required strength characteristics of the part, as well as strength characteristic (and sometimes improving) of the optimized model as compared with the original one.
As can be seen in Fig. 3, and the quality of the computer 3D model is very rough, obtaining a high-quality computer model requires a product redesign taking into account the obtained data of material distribution in the process of topology optimization.
In fig. 4, the final 3D model is reprojected taking into account the data obtained in the process of TO.
Also one of the effective methods of weight reduction for such lightly loaded parts can be the use in the design of cellular structures.
Optimization of the initial model allows to achieve a significant reduction in the weight of the part (also a reduction in the consumption of the raw material for its production) while preservation of the required strength characteristics of the part, as well as strength characteristic (and sometimes improving) of the optimized model as compared with the original one.
As can be seen in Fig. 3, and the quality of the computer 3D model is very rough, obtaining a high-quality computer model requires a product redesign taking into account the obtained data of material distribution in the process of topology optimization.
In fig. 4, the final 3D model is reprojected taking into account the data obtained in the process of TO.
Also one of the effective methods of weight reduction for such lightly loaded parts can be the use in the design of cellular structures.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Xian Bin Teng, Ran Ran Wang, Yan Ming Xu
Multi-body Dynamics Analysis of V-type Diesel Engine Crankshaft
Wang Ranran1,a, Xu Yanming2,b, Teng Xianbin3,c
1English Teaching Department, Tianjin Maritime College, Tianjin 300350
2Marine Engineering Department, Tianjin Maritime College, Tianjin 300350
ahuangmao818@163.com, bxym4800658@163.com, ctengxbin@163.com,
Key words: Crankshaft; Modal reduction; Multi-body dynamics; Dynamic characteristics
Abstract.
First, by 3d software and finite element software to establish the multi-body dynamic models of the crankshaft, bearing and piston, then simulated the actual engine working condition, and got the data such as crankshaft acceleration, velocity and displacement by the multi-body dynamics simulation analysis.
With the model completed above and importing related parameters, the connecting rod generates model automatically by software based on the related data.
First, by 3d software and finite element software to establish the multi-body dynamic models of the crankshaft, bearing and piston, then simulated the actual engine working condition, and got the data such as crankshaft acceleration, velocity and displacement by the multi-body dynamics simulation analysis.
With the model completed above and importing related parameters, the connecting rod generates model automatically by software based on the related data.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Wen Chao Li, Chang Bing Ye, Yu Mei Wu, Wei Jia Luo
Based on the research work about the result of organic fertilizer from algae paste, the internal pollution load reductions of COD, NH4-N and available phosphorus were estimated as 13163.04t, 1018.91t and 146.26t, respectively, in 2012.
According to meteorological data, the perennial prevailing wind direction of Xinyun Lake is south-west wind.
Analysis of the benefits for utilization of organic fertilizer from algae According to the statistical data, the population of Xingyun lake basin is 190,000 people, among which agricultural population is 170,000 people.
As for the reductions of COD, TN and TP through collection and remove algae, the environmental benefit was very significant.
As for the reduction chemical fertilizers fertilization to the cultivated land, the environmental benefit was very significant through collection and remove algae and using as organic fertilizer after anaerobic fermentation.
According to meteorological data, the perennial prevailing wind direction of Xinyun Lake is south-west wind.
Analysis of the benefits for utilization of organic fertilizer from algae According to the statistical data, the population of Xingyun lake basin is 190,000 people, among which agricultural population is 170,000 people.
As for the reductions of COD, TN and TP through collection and remove algae, the environmental benefit was very significant.
As for the reduction chemical fertilizers fertilization to the cultivated land, the environmental benefit was very significant through collection and remove algae and using as organic fertilizer after anaerobic fermentation.
Online since: February 2019
Authors: Andrey N. Dmitriev, Galina Yu. Vitkina, R.V. Petukhov, Elena A. Vyaznikova
Reduction Roasting of Titaniferous Ores
A.N.
These mathematical models, among others, allow us to use the metallurgical characteristics of iron ore as the initial data, including in the two-dimensional version.
Diffractogram of pellets Р3 Metallurgical Properties of Agglomerate and Pellets According to the method described above, the physicochemical properties of the investigated agglomerate and pellets (mechanical strength, reducibility, softening and melting points, reduction strength) were determined.
According to the data obtained, agglomerate and pellets correspond to the current requirements for the initial and final softening temperatures.
These mathematical models, among others, allow us to use the metallurgical characteristics of iron ore as the initial data, including in the two-dimensional version.
Diffractogram of pellets Р3 Metallurgical Properties of Agglomerate and Pellets According to the method described above, the physicochemical properties of the investigated agglomerate and pellets (mechanical strength, reducibility, softening and melting points, reduction strength) were determined.
According to the data obtained, agglomerate and pellets correspond to the current requirements for the initial and final softening temperatures.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Bao Zhong Wu, Guo Xi Li, Jing Zhong Gong, Jing Qiu, Xin Yin
The experimental data analysis method was used in this paper.
The measured data in the assembly process was collected, and cloud model theory [23] was introduced to build the assembly cloud model for the data analysis and mining.
Step2:Original measurement data was expressed in concepts.
Data is processed applying cloud generator maximum determinant method.
For the 28 sets of data, decision table after data processed is shown in Table 3. 0 indicates that the data does not belong to the concept and one denotes that it belongs to the concept.
The measured data in the assembly process was collected, and cloud model theory [23] was introduced to build the assembly cloud model for the data analysis and mining.
Step2:Original measurement data was expressed in concepts.
Data is processed applying cloud generator maximum determinant method.
For the 28 sets of data, decision table after data processed is shown in Table 3. 0 indicates that the data does not belong to the concept and one denotes that it belongs to the concept.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Xin Dai, Dong Wang
Existing nitrogen oxides (NOx) control technology primarily depends on selective catalytic reduction (SCR) method.
The total NO removal efficiency formula used for experimental data analysis in this paper is defined as follow: η= (1) Cin: Initial NO concentration.
N atom cannot react directly with C2H4, the way to remove NO is still the reduction reaction 3.
The experiment data in NO/N2 system is added for contrast.
Boulder: JILA Data Center, (1985) [9] Mahmud K, Marshall P, and Fontijn A: The Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 91(1987), P. 1568 [10] Zhu AiMin, Qin Sun, Jin HaiLiu, and Yong Xu: Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol. 25(2005), P. 371
The total NO removal efficiency formula used for experimental data analysis in this paper is defined as follow: η= (1) Cin: Initial NO concentration.
N atom cannot react directly with C2H4, the way to remove NO is still the reduction reaction 3.
The experiment data in NO/N2 system is added for contrast.
Boulder: JILA Data Center, (1985) [9] Mahmud K, Marshall P, and Fontijn A: The Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 91(1987), P. 1568 [10] Zhu AiMin, Qin Sun, Jin HaiLiu, and Yong Xu: Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol. 25(2005), P. 371
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Kai Zhao, Qiu Bo Chen, Min Jie Lv, Zuo Xun Hou, Wen Zhe Zhao
Data storage reliability also gradually degrades with the data retention time.
This results in significant system read latency degradation for two reasons: (i) Since NAND flash memory on-chip sensing latency is linearly proportional to the sensing quantization granularity, soft-decision memory sensing will largely increase on-chip memory sensing latency; (ii) Soft-decision sensing directly results in a larger amount of data to be transferred from NAND flash memory chips to solid-state data storage system controller, leading to a longer flash-to-controller data transfer latency.
Since data storage systems demand very high code rate (e.g., 8/9 and higher) and very low error floor, the parity check matrices of LDPC codes used in data storage systems tend to have a regular structure with the maximum column weight of 4~6.
Conclusion This paper presents a high-speed and low-cost LDPC code bit-flipping decoder design solution for solid-state data storage systems.
Until now the real-life applications of bit-flipping decoding pale in comparison with that of message-passing decoding that have been widely used in real-life data communication and magnetic data storage.
This results in significant system read latency degradation for two reasons: (i) Since NAND flash memory on-chip sensing latency is linearly proportional to the sensing quantization granularity, soft-decision memory sensing will largely increase on-chip memory sensing latency; (ii) Soft-decision sensing directly results in a larger amount of data to be transferred from NAND flash memory chips to solid-state data storage system controller, leading to a longer flash-to-controller data transfer latency.
Since data storage systems demand very high code rate (e.g., 8/9 and higher) and very low error floor, the parity check matrices of LDPC codes used in data storage systems tend to have a regular structure with the maximum column weight of 4~6.
Conclusion This paper presents a high-speed and low-cost LDPC code bit-flipping decoder design solution for solid-state data storage systems.
Until now the real-life applications of bit-flipping decoding pale in comparison with that of message-passing decoding that have been widely used in real-life data communication and magnetic data storage.