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The investigations showed that a laser alloying of the selected hot working steel delivers best results within the selected materials.
The investigations were carried out for the above mentioned base materials.
The results show that all of the three materials can in principle be laser cladded.
All of the demonstration parts, except demonstration part 2, were manufactured including all selected base materials.
Journal of Materials Processing Technology 1, 2004, p. 35–42 [3] Engel, U.: Prediction of tool failure from a probabilistic point of view, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 42, 1994, p. 1–13 [4] Blum, C.; Roli, A.: Metaheuristics in combinatorial optimization: Overview and conceptual comparison, ACM Comput.

Construction and building materials 22; 2008, p. 264–276
Aci materials journal; 1994: 91(5), p. 537–551
Progress in structural engineering and materials.
Progress in structural engineering and materials.
Construction and building materials, vol. 17.

Introduction As manufacturing process converts starting materials into final products resulting in physical and/or chemical changes, environmental wastes and emissions are simultaneously generated by the consumption of energy, excessive materials and other resources in the manufacturing system [1].
Lotka firstly introduced the concept of materials and energy flows among the central issues in ecology in 1925 [9].
Exergy analysis is a tool that can be used to comprehensively assess the use of materials and energy in a manufacturing process.
Groover, Fundamentals of modern manufacturing : materials, processes, and systems, 4th ed.
Sheng, "An Analytical Approach for Determining the Environmental-Impact of Machining Processes," Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 53, pp. 736-758, Sep 1995

Materials and experimental procedure.
As shown table 3, each varying rate of maximum load on some materials is very different.
Premise 3 : Tensile plastic zone sizes of materials are deferent very much each other and in same material and structure plastic zone size is decided by only stress ratio.
-No.3: If applied stresses are same but materials are different, crack propagation rates are different.
Knott, "Fatigue crack growth retardation in plane stress and plane strain", Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 26, pp. 5613-5617 (1991)

Application of Y+L Ventilation to Gas Control on 3303 Mining Face Xuan Zhang1, a , Zhen Quan2, b 1College of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000,China 2College of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China amonica8326@sina.com,bquanzhen1987@126.com Keyword: Y+L ventilation, mining face, gas control Abstract.
Specifically, setting up capped support and side support in material roadway in roofing to create the return airway of the workface, thus the ventilation on workface is formed into Y-type ventilation takes in air through transportation and material roadways and returns air through the return air roadway.
Meanwhile, digging the transportation roadway of the next workface in advance on the outer side of the material raodway as the tail roadway of the workface, and digging a contact roadway every 60-80 meters between the tail roadway and the material roadway, which enables the return air from the workface goes back to the return air roadway through the contact roadway and the tail roadway.
[2] Shiyue Wu and Yongyi Guo: the Journal of Xi’an Technology Institute, 2001,21(3).-205-207, 212 .In Chinese
[3] N.N.Petrov: Journal of Mining Scinece, P171-177, Issue 2, Volume 42, 2006.

Superplastic forming limit and instability of AZ31B sheet Song Meijuan1, a, Wang Lingyun2, b and Liu Raochuan1 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 400050, China 2College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing,400044,China a. meijuan_song@126.com, b. cqulywang@yahoo.com.cn Keywords: AZ31B magnesium alloy; superplastic; plastic instability; FLD.
Therefore, the present theories concerning plastic instability of sheet forming is not suitable for superplastic materials, and there is little study on tensile instability of superplastic forming [1-10].
Experimental materials.
The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2003, 13 (1) : 71-75.
The superplastic forming theory in consideration of cavtity evolvement [J].the Journal of Jishou University , 1998, 19 (4) : 9-19 (in Chinese)

Design and Experimental Research of Gas Cooler for CO2 Heat Pump Water Heater Ye Feng Liua, Guo Dong Gongb, Xi Chenc College of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P.R.
The gas cooler is designed as counter-flow double-pipe, and material is red copper.
International Journal of Refrigeration, 2002.25( 4):421-427
International Journal of Refrigeration. 1998.21(3):172-179
International Symposium on Dialogue between Social and Natural Sciences. in February26-28 February.2007 Princess Kaiulani Hotel, Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.

There are engineering capability index CP in Quality Management Science, the meaning is the ratio of measured parameter tolerances of the workpiece (T) and dispersion range of output workpiece parameters (6σ)[1]
In the drawings and technical documents, such quality characteristics only have unilateral lower tolerance, for example: the strength of material, lifetime of the product, withstand voltage of insulation, and some special provisions for certain process documents, all belong to this category.
Conclusion In the modernization drive, measurement science is an essential technology foundation.
References [1] Y.Q.Sun: submitted to journal of China Metrology, Vol. 3 (2011), p. 41 [2] J.S.Lu.industrial measurement Vol.S1 (2001) [3] Information on GB/T 19022-2003, Measurement Management System (2003) [4] W.Zhang, G.M.Zhao, submitted to journal of Advanced Measurement and Laboratory Management, Vol. 3(2010), p.55-57 [5] D.H.Han; submitted to journal of Science and Technology of Datong Coal, Vol.1 (2007),p.30-32 [6] J.X.

However the special properties of composite materials result in the drilling difficulty, more and more researchers have put focus on the machining mechanism and quality during drilling composite materials.
From the above works contributing to the drilling of composite materials, the effect of spindle speed, feed rate and drill diameter on the defects at the entrance, exit and wall of the hole has been discussed frequently.
Experimental procedure Experiment equipment and materials.
In drilling of composite materials, the spindle speed n and feed rate per revolution fr are the two most important cutting parameters.
Acknowledgments This work is supported by Important National Science & Technology Specific Projects (No.2009ZX04012-032-01).

They are mobile, provide high deformative characteristics of these materials.
Onoprienko, Composite materials with additives of water-soluble polymers, Appendix to the scientific and technical journal “Building materials”. 4 (2004) 15-16
Sumskoy, Thermal insulation solutions of reduced density, Construction Materials and Products. 1 (1) (2018) 40 –50
Simon, What is adhesion, Science, Moscow, 1983
Rebinder, Physico-chemical mechanics, Science, Moscow, 1979