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3-D Modeling & Numerical Simulation of Friction Stir Welding Process Barnik Saha Roy1,a, Subhash Chandra Saha2,b, John DebBarma3,c 1Asst.
Department, NIT Agartala, Tripura-799055, India aerbarnik@yahoo.co.in, bsubashchandrasaha@yahoo.in, cdebbarma_john@rediffmail.com Keywords: Aluminium alloy, Friction Stir Welding , Simulation, Thermomechanical Modeling.
The model was implemented using heat transfer & cfd module in Comsol 4.1.
DebRoy (2006) “Numerical simulation of three-dimensional heat transfer and plastic flow during friction stir welding,” Metallurgical & Materials Transactions A, 37A, pp. 1247–1259
Hattel (2005) “A local model for the thermomechanical conditions in friction stir welding,” Modeling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, 13, pp. 77–93

Stansberg[24] made three-dimensional numerical simulation of pier columns force on extreme wave loads.
Simulation study on phosphorus release in Sediments [J].
Reservoir Research of hydrodynamic and water quality simulation In Three Gorges [D].
Analysis on plunging conditions of density stratified flow and 2-D simulation [J].
[23]Xijun Lai,Deguan Wang,Jiahu Jiang,Qun Huang. 3-D numerical simulation of density currents’ spreading on the slope [J].

All parameters were simulated using computational fluid dynamic, CFD.
In addition, the fluid-particle interaction was considered in these simulations.
The average particle size of 205 mm was applied to be the representative particle in all simulations.
Effect of inlet diameter on separation efficiency from the simulations The plot of simulation results between separation efficiency and feed flow rate at various inlet diameters of 5, 6, and 7 mm were shown in Fig. 6.
Effect of body diameter on separation efficiency from the simulations The simulation of body diameter affecting on the separation efficiency of hydrocyclone was also studied as shown in Fig. 9.

This takes a solid foundation for hydraulic performance prediction and CFD numerical simulation analysis of the francis turbine.

At present, the study of the internal flow field of hydrodynamic coupling is mainly based on the CFD software for numerical simulation and modern flow testing technology.
According to the relative literature, the research work on the flow field of hydrodynamic coupling is mainly based on CFD simulation, in this paper, we will use PIV to test and analyze the velocity of flow field on radial and axial tested sections of pump and turbine in three typical working conditions.
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Research on Flow Field in the Stator of a Torque Converter [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery 2007 (8):11~14.

Approximate aeroelastic theories are highly time efficient when compared to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, however their accuracy is limited to simple geometries and certain flow conditions due to simplifications in their derivations.
Experimental data for simple test cases are critical for the validation of modern computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and development of new approximate methods, so that they may be applied accurately to increasingly complex geometries and flow conditions [10].
The resulting aerodynamic moment about the pitch axis, updated at each time-step, were used to calculate the test model dynamic response using finite difference approximations of the governing equations: (1) (2) (3) In addition to the assumptions made in the derivations of each of the aerodynamic theories, the following simplifications were made during the analysis: bearing drag of the pitch axis is negligible; constant flow properties; two-dimensional flow over the plate; and negligible impact on simulation accuracy due to exclusion of plate trailing edge.

However, these dynamic variables are essential data for the validation of dynamic simulation methods.
The distance between the walls can be as such that simulations to be performed to aspect ratios of the channel (Rf = a / b) in the range 5.2 ≤ Rf ≤ 6.9.
For practical simulations, the vertical channel is immersed in a tank filled with water, in order to ignore, on one hand, radiation and on the other hand, for an easy highlight of the velocity boundary conditions at the inlet and the outlet of the channel.
Fig. 1 Geometry of the real, experimental channel Model validation In order to study the dynamic behavior of flow in natural convection obtained from the numerical simulations, it is necessary to check the validation of the selected model.
Chereches, Numerical simulation of dynamical aspects of natural convection flow in a double-skin façade, Energy and Buildings, pp. 229-233, (2012)

Then simulation of the device had been done in order to optimize the design.
The results of simulation indicated the device added to fluid system could reduce cavitation noise effectively.
The impacts on the internal flow field of valve are studied by perforated pipes and apron through simulation analysis. 3.2 Simulation The flow field near perforations is the focus of analysis.
Velocity field, pressure field and gas volume ratio after the occurrence of cavitation were obtained by simulation.
Multiphase CFD of Natural Ventilated Cavitation about Submegred Bodies.

The shape of the Wind channel is the key of simulation effect of the wind load of aerodynamic brake at high speed.
The simulation model is properly simplified real model of original size.
Its structured mesh is partitioned in the ICEM CFD software with refined grids around the channel and the aerodynamic braking device, as shown in Fig. 5.
Fig. 5 Structured mesh of the simulation model Simulation results contrast of the three Schemes.
The high pressure center of the scheme three is closer to the device center, more aligning to the simulation goal.

VR is the newest production in the field of CAD, computer simulations and ergonomics.
Using virtual technology to design and simulation can be more vivid and powerfull than the rigid drawing, It can also maximum extent reflect the designer's ideas 2 Virtual reality technology in the application of the automobile modeling design 2.1The traditional automobile modeling design According to the traditional automotive design process, originally designed is to complete the hand-drawn renderings.
Integrated visualization, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), a series of human-computer interaction function [9].
This can save more than half of R & D costs, but also can draw more accurate and reliable data than the traditional clay model test. 4 Virtual reality technology development in the automotive industry General Motors is the world's first virtual reality technology into the design of automotive vehicle manufacturers, the earlier the design, production and assembly to achieve a virtual reality simulation.
Journal of system simulation. 2002(01) [10]WANG Le, Fang Xing.Virtual reality technology in the application of the product improved design[J].