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School of Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China *stjhfut@163.com Keywords: sweet potato starch; alkyl polyglycoside; glyphosate; pesticide synergist Abstract Using sweet potato starch, butanol, and dodecyl alcohol as raw materials, the alkyl indican surfactant was synthesized by two-step reactions with composite catalysts of p-toluene sulfonic acid and citric acid, the synthesis conditions were investigated through orthogonal method and the structure of the product was characterized by IR and mass spectroscopy.
Sweet potato starch was bought from supermarket, n-butanol, n-dodecanol, p-toluenesulfonic acid,citric acid and acetone were all analytical reagents from Shanghai Chemistry Reagent Co.
Table 1 Factors and levels of orthogonal experiment for APG levels factors A(temperature/C) B(time/h) C(msp:mnb:mnd) D(p-toluene-sulfonic acid) 1 110 4 1:2:5 1.2% 2 120 5 1:2:6 1.4% 3 130 6 1:2:7 1.6% 2.3 Characterization of APG FTIR (WQF-310) and mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) using an orbitrapXL ThermoFisher were used to determine the structure of the prepared compounds. 2.4 Application of APG in the glyphosate Spray treatments were applied to grass by using a sprayer.
The following work was done as above ratio. 3.2 Structure confirmation The chemical structure of the prepared compounds was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy[8].
Environmental Chemistry Letters 2008, 6(3):135-148

The structure and components were characterized by FTIR and ESEM.
It shares similar chemical structures with cellulose.
Fine structures of BC/chitosan films were scanned with SEM.
Such structure provides the possibility of combining the properties of both BC and chitosan.
Acknowledgments This subject was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (20774033) and Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics Chemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (LCLC-2007-07), the Key Scientific Research Foundation of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST-SRF No. 0125170002) and the grant from the Ph.D.

Topology is a mathematical method used to define spatial relationships that allows a GIS to structure data based on the principle of feature adjacency and feature connectivity.
The topological data structure determines how and where points and lines connect.
Without a topologic data structure, the data manipulation and analysis function of a GIS would not be possible[12-14].Managing people depends on counting and classifying them; this is done on an area basis.
GIM International 17:133-35 [15] Brown D 2002 Topology and Chemistry.
Structural Chemistry 13 (3-4): 339-355.

As a result, the copper grains size is reduced, and gets a fine grain structure.
The SEM micrograph in Fig. 2e shows that the copper coatings had a fine-grained structure, but were porosity.
The thickness range from 1.5 µm to 2.5 µm, and the electroplating copper is the structure of fcc.
Journal of electroanalytical Chemistry. 2005,578 (2):357-67
Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 2005,66 (2):406-9

Preparation and Characterization of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Microspheres of p-Nitroaniline Ming Yanga*, Qian Sunb, Caiyun Lic School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, ChangQing Garden, Hankou, Wuhan, 430023, P.
The monodispersed molecular imprinted polymers with porous structure were characterized by SEM, and UV-visible spectrophotometry.
In SEM image, we can clearly observe single particle with average dimensions of 1.0-2.0 µm MIPMs and with porous structure.
Haupt, Molecularly imprinted polymers in analytical chemistry, Analyst 126 (2001) 747-756

The structure of PDCPD/PS alloy was characterized by Soxhlet extraction, infrared spectrum (IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
The report focused on the affect factors of the frontal polymerization, and did not study on the structure and mechanical properties of the polymer.
The powder after Soxhlet extraction was ground with potassium bromide and pressed into tablet, analyzed the structure by VECTOR-22 FT-IR spectrometer.
Washington D C: American Chemistry Society, 1994: 3- 38
Lon, Jourrral of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry, Vol 35 (1997), p. 227 [7] Z.

The Anti-influenza Activity of Cyclohexene Derivatives Studied by Topological Indices and Neural Network Wenchang Zhuang1,a, Xihua Du1,b, Changjun Feng1,c, Jing Li1,d 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou Institute of Technology, Lishui Road, Xuzhou, 221111, China awindchant@xzit.edu.cn, bdxh@xzit.edu.cn, cfengcj@xzit.edu.cn, dljshan@xzit.edu.cn Keywords: Cyclohexene; Neuraminidase inhibitor; Anti-influenza activity; Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) Abstract：In order to establish quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model of cyclohexene derivatives as neuraminidase inhibitors, the relationships between the anti-influenza activity of 34 cyclohexene derivatives and their molecular connectivity indices (mX) as well as their electrotopological state indices (Im) were analyzed, meanwhile molecular structures of the substances were also effectively characterized.
Quantitative structure activity relationships (QSAR), based on the molecular structure, has been widely applied in synthetic chemistry, environmental toxicology, drug design and evaluation, pesticide manufacturing and biomolecular simulation[6-10].
Basic Principles and Methods QSAR, a topological methods based on characteristics of three-dimensional structures of receptor molecules in vivo and compounds [11], has been employed to investigate the relationship between molecular structures and their properties, activity or toxicity.
In this paper, the molecular structures of cyclohexene neuraminidase inhibitors mentioned in the literature [1] have been built up by Chemoffice 2005, which main structure as shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 Molecular structure of cyclohexene neuraminidase inhibitors Multiple Regression Method.

Recently, various approaches have been employed to modify the structure of the working electrode (TiO2 electrode) to improve the performance of DSSC.
Grätzel: Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A:Chemistry Vol. 164 (2004), p.3
Gra1tzel: Inorganic Chemistry Vol. 44 (2005), p. 178
Arakawa: Chemistry Letters Vol. 28 (1999), p. 853
Arakawa: Journal of Physical Chemistry B Vol. 107 (2003), p. 597.

Putkham, Changing of Particle Size and Pore Structures of Calcium Oxide during Calcinations of Industrial Eggshell Waste.
Al, The eggshell: structure, composition and mineralization.
ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, (2015). 3(5), 941–949
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry, (2013). 13(2), 176–180
Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, (2014). 20(1), 113–117.

And the ligand model asserts that the main role ruthenium is to modify the electronic structure of platinum surface by interacting with the conduction band of platinum.
Recently, Adzic and coworkers reported Pt-covered Ru (0001) single crystal electrodes of very interesting structure/reactivity properties and Pt decorated Ru nanoparticles.[4-5] The spontaneous deposition of platinum into ruthenium matrices allows excellent utilization of expensive platinum in the Ru/Pt catalyst.
Access to the morphology and coverage of such spontaneous deposition systems is possible through the methods such as: in situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), low electron energy diffraction (LEED), X-ray methods and auger electron spectroscopy (AES), which provide powerful tools to establish the link between surface structure and electrocatalytic activity.
Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 532 :57-66(2002) [5] S.R.Brankovic, J.McBreen, R.R.Adzic, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry ,503: 99–104(2001) [6] M-S,Zheng, S-G, Zun, S-P, Chen, J.
Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry , 444: 41–53(1998) [9] Y-G, Yan, Q-X, Li, et al.