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Online since: December 2018
Authors: Dagoberto Brandão Santos, Raphael França Assumpção, Daniela Barçante Perasoli, Dalila Chaves Sicupira
The UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel was warm rolled at 600°C with 60 and 80% of thickness reduction.
A tensile test was performed at room temperature, with a strain rate of 10-3 s-1, in a 5582 model Instron machine, using the Blue Hill software for data acquisition.
Component S, (123)<364>, is present in all conditions and reinforced on the warm rolled with high reduction (80%).
The S-type component increased with the increase in warm rolling reduction.
A significant increase in mechanical strength and its respective ductility reduction (total elongation) is observed in Table 2.
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Ian Yi Yu Bu
Based on the presented data, a possible growth model is proposed to clarify AIC mechanism.
The reduction of agglomerations on the a-Si surface is due to the diffusion of Al agglomerates into silicon.
From the XRD data, XRD signals at Si(111), (200), (311), Al (111) and Al (200) were detected which indicates the formation of nanocrystalline material.
Inspection of the data of Fig. 2 reveals that the AIC process has produced crystalline fraction at temperature above 500oC, with a peak centered at around 514 cm-1.
There is a clear tendency of reduction of resistivity as the annealing temperature increases.
Online since: March 2009
Authors: Tomaž Kosmač, Sebastjan Perko, Mariusz Andrejczuk
Soft grinding of the biscuit-sintered samples resulted in a noticeable increase in the surface roughness, also leading to a significant strength reduction.
These data were used to produce compacts with a green density ranging from 48% TD to 52% TD.
As shown in Fig.6, the grinding of biscuit-sintered pellets resulted in a noticeable strength reduction of the sintered Y-TZP ceramics, indicating that strength-controlling surface flaws must have been introduced during this mechanical operation.
Clearly, the deeper the grinding-induced surface flaws, the higher will be the strength reduction, but no direct relationships between the surface roughness and the strength reduction were found.
Regardless of the diamond-grit size used in soft grinding, this mechanical surface treatment resulted in a noticeable reduction in the strength.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Yong Chen, Long Li, Jian Hua Zeng, Da De Zhang
The research results show that the amount of slag adhesion decreases with a reduction of SiO2 content and an increase of Al2O3 content in slag, owing to larger viscosity and higher foam index of molten slag.
CaO/(SiO2+Al2O3) ∧th Density / gcm-3 0 2.7 0.823 3.10 1 2.4 0.813 3.12 2 2.2 0.812 3.17 3 2.1 0.811 3.18 4 1.9 0.808 3.22 5 1.7 0.798 3.23 As seen from Table 3, both ∧th and ratios of CaO to (SiO2+Al2O3) of No. 0 to No. 5 slags decrease with a reduction of SiO2 content and an increase of Al2O3 content in slag, but the density of No. 5 slag is largest and the density of No. 0 slag is smallest, due to the density of Al2O3 is higher than that of SiO2.
As depicted in Fig. 2, the viscosity of molten slag tested increases in order No. 0 to No. 5 as a result of a reduction of SiO2 content and an increase of Al2O3 content in slag facilitate to form fewer SiO44- tetrahedral, and more Al (1/2Ca2 +) O44- tetrahedral structure, nevertheless, the total amount of both structure increase with an increase of SiO2 + Al2O3 contents in slag and further polymerize to chain or network units, resulting in an increase of viscosity of the melt.
Due to a negligible difference of σ0.2×Db0.9 of molten slag tested at 1600℃, the ratios of foam index of No.1 to No. 5 slags to that of No. 0 slag is shown in Figure 3, according to calculation of equation (1) by using the data from Table 3 and Fig. 2.
Conclusions Under conditions of slag sticking to MgO-C brick at 1600℃ in Ar atmosphere, the amount of slag adhesion decreases with a reduction of SiO2 content and an increase of Al2O3 content in slag, compared to that of normal BOF slag.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Anton Pyatakov, Alyona Kostina, Valentina Zvereva
Our investigations allowed us to obtained new data on the pH range of the hypergene and technogene mineral formation depending of the sulfur amount in the wastes coming with the flotation reagents and sulfides under conditions of the atmosphere influence and without it.
Pourbaix’s data and only insignificantly changed or improved the method proposed by him.
This indicates the change of the oxidation conditions by the oxidation-reduction and then by reduction ones promoting the change of the whole process of mineral formation.
Conclusions The investigations we carried out allowed us to obtain new data on the parameters of the modern hypergene and technogene mineral formation that directly depends on the sulfur amount in the system, i.e. the sulfur component in the tailings and the reagent composition that are used in the ore processing, and on the presence or absence of the atmosphere.
Masоn, Oxidation and reduction in geochemistry, Journ.
Online since: November 2011
Authors: Qi Qiang Li, Qing Ma
The method which adopts method of the FCM arithmetic divides the complicated historical data into gather of multiple proxy event day populations.
Historical meteorological data compose a feature vector.
Buildings Baseline Load Forecasting Model The clustering data c is looked as the set number of the BP neural network training samples.
The history hour load data of an office building are also used.
Table 1 shows the data of each training sample set, and 480 training samples of eight groups are given.
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Sergey V. Safonov, Sergey A. Fateev, Lev S. Logunov, Evgeniia M. Khairullina, Vladimir.A. Kochemirovsky
Von Gutfeld and Kordas explain this effect by exclusively a thermal factor (increase the reaction rate of metal reduction with heat), as well as mixing the solution.
In this work we used a number of polyols with different reduction potentials, including those with negative difference of potentials with copper (II) in the solution.
SEM data for copper structures produced when deposited with different reductants: a) ethanol; b) ethylene glycol; c) glycerol; d) xylitol; e) formaldehyde.
Table 2.Reduction potentials of copper (calculated) for copper complexes with EDTA and tartrate in concentrations used in LCLD.
Consider reduction potentials of reducing agents used in the work and their possible change under heating.
Online since: September 2011
Authors: Ya Zhang, You Liang Mao
Carbon Emissions Measure and Trend Data Resources and Measure Means This paper applies the energy data in Yunnan Statistical Yearbook (1998 to 2008).
The carbon calculation uses an average carbon emission coefficient according to the second best choice of statistical data.
Energy consumption carbon emission is worked out according to IPCC carbon emission calculation guide combined with characteristics of Yunnan’s statistical data.
Yunnan’s carbon emission coefficient of major energy consumption roots in default value of IPCC carbon calculation manual with an original data in J.
The data was in completely accordance with the above carbon emission structure.
Online since: December 2011
Authors: Feng Xia Gu, Wen Bao Liu
Data sources and processing The primary datasets used in this study was three landuse maps of 1981, 1990, and 2000 of the study area.
These data were digitized from paper topography maps with a scale of 1:5000.
The major data processing steps included: (1) creating TIF raster data files by scanning the topographic maps in MapGIS, (2) geometrically correcting the scanned data and registering them for on-screen digitizing to generate the vector data files, (3) using the codes of parcels to link the spatial data with their attributes, (4) transforming MapGIS vector data into ArcGIS vector data formats, and (5) converting vector data into raster data and aggregating original landuse types into five classes: agricultural land, urban land, forest meadow, wetland and water bodies.
As a result, the area of agricultural land decreased with a net reduction of 122.76 km2 during the decade.
The net reduction of water bodies was 17.17 km2.
Online since: March 2012
Authors: Jia Wang, Wei Zhang, Xue Zheng Chen, Peng Fei Yin, Zheng Kai Xu, Bing Han
The impedance data can be collected over a broad frequency range.
This part of the electrochemical impedance data interpretation was critical since several equivalent electrical circuits can be used [12-14].
The stage comparison of three different coatings deterioration processes types/stages medium penetration corrosion initiation corrosion extension Coatings failure (<106Ω.cm2) 4-4h 1-13d 14-15d 16-20d 16d 12-12h 1-18d 19-22d 23-68d 68d Immersion 1-14d 15–40d 41-57d 57d 3.3 Monitoring results of the coating capacitance Cf and coating resistance Rf By comparison, the Rf and Cf parameters extracted from EIS data are presented in Fig. 6 as a function of exposure time.
The changes in (a) coating resistances Rf and (b) coating capacitances Cf as a function of exposure time under wet-dry cyclic and immersed tests For the 4-4h and 12-12h cycles, one of the notable phenomenon was that, despite the data dispersion, Rf were always higher and Cf were lower than the immersed during period Ⅰ.
Tsuru T, An investigation on oxygen reduction under thin electrolyter layer using kelvin probe reference electrode, J.
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