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Then, the laser reflected by diffuse reflectance materials of the baffle is turned the high-energy laser into the safety laser.
So as to optimize the structure, different parts of the laser lighter use different materials.
Plasma Science and Technology.
Chinese journal of lasers.
Chinese journal of lasers.

Among the source is the emissivity of the electrode surface, is the reactive of metal materials spill.
The first case corresponds to the situation along the lateral face of the material where only cold gas is present, whereas, the forced regime is more suitable since this side of the material is generally cooled by water flow.
Acknowledgement This research was financially supported by the National Science Foundation (51277182).
Thermal plasma modeling [J].Journal of Physics D Applied Physics, 2005, 38(9):153-183 [8] Li He Ping, Chen Xi.
Journal of Engineering Thermo physics, 2001, 22(1):78-81

The fracture strength of material for certain micro-accelerometer structure have crucial implication for the operation.
Minute faults in interior and surface of structure is unavoidable due to material inherent factor and the fabricating process, which bring about minute cracks.
Weibull, a swedish physicist, proposed first this distribution when he studied material strength in 1939.
Acknowledgment This work was financially supported by the Major National Science and Technology program (2011 ZX0 3005-001) and the Laboratory program (ZHD201104).
Johansson, and J.Schweitz, Thin solid films, vol. 292, 247-254,1997 [2] Jiang Lili, Tang Jieying, Chinese mechanical engineering (Z), 212-214, 2005 [3] Lv Jinnan, Tang Jieying, Chinese Journal of functionals and devices, Vol.14, No.1 pp. 103-106, 2008 [4] Xingguo Xiong, Yu-Liang Wu, and Wen-Ben Jone, Material Fatigue and Reliability of MEMS Accelerometers, IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance of VLSI Systems, 314-322, 2008 [5] Chen Jiading, Zheng Muqiao, Probability and Statistics, in chinese, the press of Beijing university, 2007 [6] Gregory T.A.

Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant no.10772061.
Evaluation of residual stresses and plastic deformations for iron-based materials by leakage magnetic flux sensors [J].
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2001, 314:232 - 239
Monitoring fatigue crack propagation of ferromagnetic materials with spontaneous abnormal magnetic signals [J].
International Journal of Fatigue, 2008, 30(9): 1599-1605.

The writer use the process combined Stereolithography with traditional casting technique, which is most maturerapid prototyping technology at present,to achieve the low cost and high efficiency in the process of foundry practice for the torque converter pump wheel, and achieve the purpose of the rapid manufacturing. 1 Making pump wheel's prototype by Stereolithography 1.1 Stereolithography and its characteristics Rapid prototyping technology has been developed in recent years ,and it is the floorboard which contains of directly according to CAD model to make the fast production samples or parts of completed sets of technology.It integrated with CAD technology, the numerical control technology, laser technology, material technology, and other modern sciences and technology achievements.
Fig. 4 Whole model which contains of the feeding system 2.2 Making the type shell of pump wheel The shell is made up of adhesive and refractory powder and and sand materials,and completed in the process of preparation coating(coating:Silicon sol, ethyl silicate, sodium silicate), dry sand and atherosclerosis.It includes surface, transition layer , back layer and the sealing plasma layer,the surface coating contact with the liquid metal in order to guarantee the surface quality, surface smooth, densification, smooth and solid of the casting.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Guangxi Science Foundation (No.2011GXNSFF018004), and the Guangxi Scientific and Technological Project (No.11107002-12).
Journal of Foundry Technique.2006, 27(2):289-291
[2] Cui Hong-bing, Yang Tie-nan, Qian Hui-fen.Manufacturing the modelling core of fired molded by SLS method(Selective laser sintering).Journal of modern manufacturing technology, 2002(9): 23-24

Introduction The most economical method of preparation protective layer is that protective layer is formed on the surface of the material by electrodeposition method.
Rare earth compounds have been widely used in optics, electronics, metallurgy, chemical and materials engineering, due to their special physical and chemical characteristics.
Engelken: Journal of Electrochemical Society Vol. 152 (2005), p.
Huang; Journal of Rare Earths Vol. 27 (2009), p. 480 [14] X.Z.
Shen: Advanced Materials Research.

Dielectric materials inside and outside is almost at the same time heating, the formation of the state of body heat source.
Final product is iron concentrate. 2.2 Magnetization Roasting Raw Materials in the Microwave Heating Rate According to the principle of microwave heating, the United States and Clark D by maxwell equation deduced microwave field to the material heating effect of expression [6,7]
Although microwave heating with traditional heating mode incomparable advantages, but there are also some problems need to be solved.Kunming university of science and technology invented the "multifunctional microwave high temperature reactor" in 2009 .The reactor is accepted by the Spanish national carbon materials institute.This event marked the microwave metallurgy reactor in China has reached the world level .
[7]Clark D, Folz D,West J.Processing Materials with Microwave Ener[J].
Journal of Central South University (Natural Science Edition)[J].2012.43(6).2043～2047

Heat transfer model for solidification process of NH4Cl solution Jin Yan1,a, Tian Zhibing1,b 1 Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, P.
Transportation processes is a key role on crystal growth and the characteristic of the material [4, 5].
The aqueous ammonium chloride solution, i.e. a transparent analogous alloy, is chosen as the phase change material.
Journal of Materials Science. 25(1990) 2185-2187
[5] R.Gaskell, An Introduction to Transport Phenomena in Materials Engineering, First ed., NY.

Introduction Flocculation (in polymer science): Reversible formation of aggregates in which the particles are not in physical contact [1].
Acknowledgement In this paper, the research was sponsored by the Marine nonprofit and special research funding (201105026), Tianjin marine science and technology project (KJXH2011-01).
Journal of Materials Science, 2014 49(8) 3196-3204
Advanced Materials Research, 2013 781-784 2170-2173
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Urban Science Edition), 2008 25(2) 78-82.

Acknowledgement The authors acknowledge the supporting from the National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 50801009, Chinese Postdoctoral Foundation 20090461327, EPSRC (UK) EP/H016619, and the UESTC award for Excellent Young Scientists.
Nayfeh: Wiley Series in Nonlinear Science Wiley.
A. de Heer: Science 283 (1999), pp 1513
Harsha: International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Vol. 2(5) (2010), pp 993-1000
Aluru: Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 126 (2004), pp. 230