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This demands for engineers with more broad education and gain profound practical engineering background in multi-disciplinary fields.
Galloway: The 21st-Century Engineer: A Proposal for Engineering Reform.
Renton, VA, American Society of Civil Engineers, p.25-32
Journal of Engineering education, p. 235-236
Malcom: The Human Face of Engineering, Journal of Engineering Education, p. 237-238. (2008) [6] J.

So the ANSYS fine finite element models of transmission tower-line system which are more agrees with engineering practices are set up, dynamic characteristics are calculated on nine conditions and the influences of transmission line on dynamic characteristics of the transmission tower are discussed, some valuable conclusions are given.
Due to the rapid development of vibration analysis technology based on the finite element method, the refined vibration analysis to such a large and complex engineering structure as high voltage transmission tower has been very convenient. in recent years many research results have been published on the transmission tower vibration analysis.
In this paper, the ANSYS fine finite element models for transmission tower-line system which are more agrees with engineering practices are set up, the influences of transmission line on dynamic characteristics of the transmission tower are analyzed, some valuable conclusions are given.
China Civil Engineering Journal (In Chinese), Vol.40 No.2 (2007), p.39-46 [2] LUO Liang, LIU Benyu, NIU Zhenghao.
China Civil Engineering Journal (In Chinese), Vol.43 No.JK (2010), p.224-229

Limiting Buckling Moment Design for Singly Symmetric Girders Wei-Ting Hsu1, a, Dung-Myau Lue2, b and Cheng-Yen Liao3, c 1 Department of Construction Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 2 Department of Civil Engineering, Nation Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan 3 Department of Civil Engineering, Nation Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan awthsu@cyut.edu.tw, bdmlue@dragon.nchu.edu.tw, cd099062002@mail.nchu.edu.tw Keywords: Singly symmetric girders, Limiting buckling moment, Elastic moment, Torsion properties, AISC specifications.
It will enable practicing engineers to perform more in-depth evaluation in their routine deigns.
This study enables practicing engineers to perform more in-depth design for the singly symmetric girders.
Hill: Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 86(1960), No.
Trahair: Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 106 (1980), No.

Finite Element Analysis of Dongjusi Railway Tunnel within Hard Rock Mass Based on the Unified Rock Mass Strength Criterion Yuan HUA1, a, Taiquan ZHOU 1, b and Guoliang DAI2, c 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Southern Yangtze University, Wuxi, China, 214122 2 College of Civil Engineering,Southeast University, Nanjing,China,210096 a huayuanxinxiang@163.com, bzhoutaiquan@sytu.edu.cn, czhoutaiquan@163.com Keywords: Hoek-Brown criterion; Unified rock mass strength criterion; Nonlinear finite element; Rock mass stability; Hard rock mass.
The railway tunnel lining structure is designed according to the unified rock mass strength criterion and greatly makes use of the rock mass potential strength, which decreases engineering cost.
Introduction The rock in underground engineering, such as tunnel engineering, is often acted under complex triaxial stress state.
The intermediate principle stress plays an important role in rock material strength according to the rock engineering experimental results.
[5] Zhou Hui,Zhang Chuanqing: Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 24(2006):P.3083

The crashworthiness of aircraft structure can be effectively improved by selecting the appropriate landing way. 0 Introduction With the rapid development of the civil aviation industry, security and reliability had become the basic requirements for civil aircraft operations.
The crashworthiness of civil aircraft fuselage structure under the vertical initial velocity impact was researched in reference[1].
From the crash simulation, it can be found that although the damage of fuselage floor beam structure under the three conditions is different, the crew cabin are able to maintain more than 85% of the original space, it's belong to the living space, corresponding with the civil aircraft structures crashworthiness design standards . 4.3 The influence of impact conditions on acceleration time pulse The acceleration characteristics at the seat position is an important index to evaluate civil aircraft crashworthiness, ​​the acceleration values on FS440 fuselage location were selected to compare the acceleration characteristics under different impact conditions.
The acceleration pulse frequency significantly enhanced after 120ms. 5 Conclusions (1) The research results of crash dynamic characteristics of fuselage structure with a left roll angle indicate: Because of the emergence of the left roll angle, resulting in entire fuselage structure deformation lean to the left, the fuselage deformation reach the maximum at 150ms.Although the left-leaning phenomenon will continue after 150ms, the crew cabin space can be maintained for more than 85% of the original space, accord with the civil aircraft crashworthiness design standards; At the same time, the emergence of the left roll angle has changed the value and distribution of fuselage structure stress; The left roll angle also resulted in increasing of peak acceleration on left side, advancing of peak acceleration appear time, and led to an increase of peak acceleration in right side.
Song, Influence of sub-floor structural parameters on the fuselage crashworthiness of composite material civil aircraft, Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering 27(2008) 620-624

The Slabbing Mechanics Analysis of the Tunnel Lining Zusong Wu1, a, Guangqi Chen1, b, Kouki Zen1, c and Xinrong Liu2, d 1Geo-Disaster Prevention Lab.2, Dept. of Civil and Structural Engineering, Kyushu University, in Japan 819-0395 2Dept. of Civil and Structural Engineering, Chongqing University, in China 400030 awzsonghot@hotmail.com, bchen@civil.kyushu-u.ac.jp, czen@civil.kyushu-u.ac.jp, dliuxrong@126.com Keywords: Tunnel Lining; The Slabbing; Line Elastic Method; The Interaction.
Goodman, Gen-hua Shi: Block Theory and Its Application to Rock Engineering [M]. 1985, Printed in the United States of America

Research on the Equivalence and the Mechanical Performance of the Model of Steel–concrete Joint Ya-dong YAO 1, a, Qian-hui PU 1,b and Chaoyi Yao 1,c 1School of Civil Eng，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 610031，Sichuan，China asdtzdong11@163.com, bqhp@swjtu.edu.cn, cycyswjtu@sina.com Keywords: Steel-concrete joint; Bearing plate; PBL shear connector; Shear lag effect Abstract.
Model tests on steel-concrete joining section of main girder of a cable-stayed bridge [J] CHINA CIVIL ENGINEERING JOURNAL: 2006, 39(3): 86-90.
Mechanical features of cable-girder anchorage for cable-stayed bridgeswith steel box girders[J] CHINA CIVIL ENGINEERING JOURNAL: 2012, 09: 100-107.
Test on the composite joint section between steel box girder and concrete tower of a cable-stayed bridge [J] CHINA CIVIL ENGINEERING JOURNAL: 2008, 07(41): 61-66.

Student, Dept. of Civil & Env.
Eng., Rice Univ., Houston, Texas 77005, U.S.A. 2Prof., Dept. of Civil & Env.
Prof., Dept. of Civil & Env.
Piezoelectric sensors and actuators have been used extensively in vibration suppression applications; however, there have been limited studies on civil engineering structures and even fewer that involve sensor or actuator failure.
Li: Engineering Structures Vol. 28 (2006), p. 1513 [2] T.

Nano-Engineered Strong, Durable and Multifunctional/Smart Concretes Si-qi Ding1,a, Li-qing Zhang1,b, Sheng-wei Sun2,c, Jian Ou-yang3,d and Bao-guo Han1,e 1School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China 2School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China 3School of Transportation and Logistics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China adsq19910909@163.com, bzhangliqingdagong@163.com, cssw5256081@163.com, douyangjian87@126.com, ehithanbaoguo@163.com, hanbaoguo@dlut.edu.cn Keywords: Nano materials, Concrete, Strength, Transport property, Electrical property, Electromagnetic property, Piezoresitivity Abstract.
Fifthly, the multifunctional and smart concrete materials are required since traditional concrete that just serve as structural materials can not meet the requirement of the safety, longevity and function of advanced engineering infrastructures.
This paper deals with nano-engineered concrete with different kinds of nanofillers including nano silica(NS), carbon nanotube(CNT), botryoid hybrid carbon material (BHCBM, a hybrid of carbon nanotube and nano carbon black), nano graphite platelet(NGP) and nano-tip material(spiky spherical nickel particles), and reports their effects on the mechanical performance, durability, electrical property, electromagnetic property and piezoresistivity, respectively.
Ou, Review of nanocarbon-engineered multifunctional cementitious composites, Compos.

Research on Durability Design of Concrete Structure Under Chloride Environment Kefeng Zhang1 1Journal Of ChongQing Water Resources And Electric Engineering College, ChongQing ,402100,China 30863496@qq.com Keywords: concrete structure, durability design, service life, ehloride diflusion coefHcient Abstract.
Introduction It is well known that combines the advantages of reinforcing steel bar and concrete of reinforced concrete structures, low cost, and is the preferred form of the design of civil engineering structures, its scope of application is very wide.
Affects the structure using the functionality and security, so durability is one of the important connotation of engineering structure reliability[3].
Engineering community on the durability of concrete structures in the past the lack of sufficient awareness of the traditional design methods are given structure using phase safety and performance, while the weak sense of durability design.
Liu: Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol. 27 (2010) No. 2, p.46