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Tennison et al. [15] researched spray penetration from a common rail injector using a chamber which was pressurized to a representative gas density in a typical HSDI diesel engine.
Santangelo [18] investigated high-pressure water-mist spray dispersion.Hiroyasu el al. researched the spray tip penetration and dispersion with several experimental methods[19-20].
Edge detection technique to determine the spray dispersion area Fig. 1 Diesel sprayimage capturedwith a high-speed camera at a time interval of 0.222 ms [15] Fig. 2 Image-processing results(a) original captured image (b) background image (c) subtracted image (d) edge detection results of the spray dispersion Experimental data ofTenisson et al.
Tennsion et al [15]injected fuel with multiple injections such as single, pilot, and split pattern and visualized diesel spray images using a pulsed copper vapor laser, a high-speed camera and an optical system arrangement.
For all experimental conditions used in this research, the spray breakup time calculated from Xu et al. [21] is within 0.1ms.

Khoza et al. synthesized ZnO nanoparticles via the microwave method, using acetone, ethanol, and deionized water.
Rahimi et al. and Lavand et al. improved the optical properties of ZnO by doping with various transition metals, producing nanostructures that were suitable for photocatalysis[11,12].
[18] W.E.Mahmoud, A.Al-Ghamdi, F.
El-Tantawy, S.
Al-Heniti, J.

El-Shekeil; Faris M.
AL-Oqla(2013).
Kais Bin Zaman, Abdullah-Al-Khaled(2007).
Al-Ma’adeed, I.Y.
Al-Qaradawi, N.

Bi-velocity Method and Linear Nonreversible Thermodynamics, Interdiffusion in R2 Marek Danielewskia and Bartek Wierzbab Interdisciplinary Centre for Materials Modeling, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics AGH University of Science and Technology, Al.
The diffusion velocity, d d i i iJ cυ ≡ , is expressed by the Nernst-Planck formula [12]: ( ) ( ) grad grad d ch ch m el i i i i i i i i i B p z F B υ µ ϕ µ µ µ = − − Ω + = − + + , where , ,ii iB D z are the mobility, diffusevity and valence, respectively.
Results In this work we compare the experimental results obtained by Zhao et al. [13, 14] with the results obtained using the one dimensional and two dimensional CADiff method.
Co Cr Ti Mo Nb W Al.
Co Cr Ti Mo Nb W Al.

Muhamad et al. [8] experimented with cement and rice husk ash (RHA) in roof tiles.
Sultana et al. [9] demonstrated an experiment using hard rock dust and red clay in the roof tiles with the firing temperature at 850°C to 1100°C.
Su et al. [12] investigated the microstructure of plastic rubber in cement.
According from Lourenco et al. [14] reviewed the properties of clay materials in old and new bricks.
El-Mahdy, and D.M.

Yin, et al.: Chem.
Fujishima, et al.: J.
Mangalaraj, et al.: Appl.
[9] E.L.
Wang, et al.: J.

El-Hofy, Machining Technology: Machine Tools and Operations, CRC Press, 2008
Hatala et.al, T-Vc Dependence for sintered metal in standard ISO 3685, Technological Engineering 7/2 (2010) 6-9
Zajac et al, Cutting facilities of new type of came cutting material, in: Proceedings of the Conference PPTO, Košice, 1995, pp. 138-139
Cep et al, Surface roughness after machining and influence of feed rate on process, Key Engineering Materials 581 (2014) 341-347
Zelenak et al, Comparison of mechanical properties of surface layers with use of nanoindentation and microindentation tests, Metalurgija 51/3 (2012) 309-312

El Bedoui, M.H.
Tsuruzoe, et al: Circ.
Baek, et al: Biochem.
Cai, et al: Arch.
Kim, et al: Tissue Eng.

Anandakrishnan et al. [9] produced AA 7075 reinforced with TiC composites through in-situ stir casting process.
Ramesh et al. [10] investigated wear behavior of AA6061reinforced with SiC and Al2O3 composites after hot extrusion and reported that wear resistance of extruded composites are superior to the casted one.
Rao et al. [12] investigated dry sliding wear behavior of heat treated AA7009-SiC composites under various loads, sliding speeds.
Baradeswaran et al. studied the influence of B4C on the mechanical and tribological behaviour of AA7075-B4C composites [13].
Abou El-Khair, A.N.

., et al., The effect of nanosilica on the physical properties of oil well cement.
[3] Jacob, S., et al., Reinforcing effect of nanosilica on polypropylene–nylon fibre composite.
[4] Chen, J.H., et al., Interfacial enhancement of nano-SiO2/polypropylene composites.
[6] Zhu, A., et al., Effect of flexibility of grafted polymer on the morphology and property of nanosilica/PVC composites.
El Mabrouk, Effect of polymer/filler interactions on the structure and rheological properties of ethylene-octene copolymer/nanosilica composites.