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For this reason, the use of numerical simulations becomes more interesting [8].
Particle tracing In many scientific areas as well as in technical applications, finite element simulation is of central importance.
In Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) time dependent and time independent velocity fields are differentiated.
This operation has to be evaluated at the beginning of the particle tracing simulation as well as in every flow line generation loop.
Kleiner: Simulation-Based Analysis of Composite Extrusion Processes, CIRP Annals, Vol.56/1, 2007, General Assembly, Dresden, Germany [11] P.

The numerical simulations showed that the friction, pressure coefficient and total drag coefficient are found to be increased with increase in Richardson number, also, heat transfer rate increases gradually with increase in Reynolds number and/or Richardson number.
The aim of this study is to perform through a numerical simulation the phenomena of suppression of Non- Newtonian power-Law fluid flow separation around a confined square cylinder by superimposed thermal buoyancy in a vertical confined channel, and exploring the effects of thermal buoyancy on the flow.
This present CFD package applies the finite volume method to covert the governing partial differential equations into a system of discrete algebraic equations by discretizing the computational domain into grid mesh.
For a transient simulation, an initial condition is also required to numerically close the equations.
Fig. 2: Typical grids used for simulation.

In recent years, solid mechanics, nonlinear finite element analysis method is quite mature, and in fluid mechanics, nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations solving CFD technology progress very rapidly, [19-20]。
Simulation of vibrationst resses in turbine blades [R] .
Simulation of vibrationst resses in turbine blades [R] .
Finite element simulation of turbomachine blade row viscous interactions vane vibratory stress predictions[R] .
Finite element simulation of turbomachine blade row viscous interactions vane vibratory stress predictions [R] .

Three-dimensional CFD modelling and simulation of the temperature profiles and airflow patterns during a continuous industrial baking process.

Wind tunnel experiment and CFD methods can not obtain precise results in actual operational condition.
Schepers, in: Comparison of Wake Model Simulations with Offshore Wind Turbine Wake Profiles Measured by Sodar, volume 23 of J.

In order to understand the variation of q/m with the air current pressure, flow of particles in the J/E chamber was simulated by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), based on the coupling the flow field and electric field (see Fig.5).
(a) Low air current pressure (b) High air current pressure Fig.5 Simulation of the flow of particles in the J/M chamber on different air current pressure Conclusion 1.

This approach can be used for unsymmetrical fuselage if one able to provide the angle of attack at zero lift for the corresponding fuselage as it had been done by Wolowicz C.H and Yancey R.B [2], Another method for predicting the fuselage’s aerodynamics characteristics may use CFD approach as it had been done by Lee [3] for the case of fuselage’s helicopter.
[3] Lee Bum Seok, Numerical Simulation of Rotor Fuselage Aerodynamic Interaction Using an Unstructured Overset Mesh Technique, March 2010

Raygan Experimental Investigation and CFD Simulation of Top Spray Fluidized Bed Coating System, Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering, V. 61(2) (2017)117 – 127

A FE analysis was conducted by exerting the centrifugal and gas pressure loads computed by CFD technique.
Harmonic stress simulation by commercial FEM software shows this alternating stress is allocated in nearby the fracture region when 500 N tip rubbing friction forces is applied.

Study of CFD Aid Design of ShipWater Journal Bearing of Shaft , J.
Simulation Study on Attrition to Centrifugal Sewerage Pump，J.