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Online since: January 2013
Authors: Hai Lin Mu, Hua Nan Li, Zheng Chao Wang
Second, carrying out mandatory emission reduction in part of the world, promote low-carbon technologies and industry development.
However, the total amount of emission reductions in western China has not reached even half of that in the eastern region.
It is hard to make sure actual achievement in GHG reduction.
[2] IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) – Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_ipcc_fourth_assessment_report_synthesis_report.htm
[3] Energy Information Administration. 2006 energy-related emissions data and environmental analyses. http://www.eia.doe.gov/environment.html
However, the total amount of emission reductions in western China has not reached even half of that in the eastern region.
It is hard to make sure actual achievement in GHG reduction.
[2] IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) – Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_ipcc_fourth_assessment_report_synthesis_report.htm
[3] Energy Information Administration. 2006 energy-related emissions data and environmental analyses. http://www.eia.doe.gov/environment.html
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Wen Jun Chen, Kai Yong She
Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis was used to analyze the evolvement of spatia1 pattern on coal consumption in China since 2002.
Data sources This paper aims to describe the spatial pattern evolution of coal consumption at provincial level in China since 2002, based on three time sections: 2002, 2006, and 2010.
Due to incomplete data, the study areas include only China’s mainland.
Data of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan are absent.
Data of coal consumption comes from(2003,2007 and 2011) and data of total population by region comes from < China Statistical Yearbook >(2011).
Data sources This paper aims to describe the spatial pattern evolution of coal consumption at provincial level in China since 2002, based on three time sections: 2002, 2006, and 2010.
Due to incomplete data, the study areas include only China’s mainland.
Data of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan are absent.
Data of coal consumption comes from
Online since: May 2010
Authors: Mark Bertolini, Lee Shaw, Lucy England, Kartik Rao, James Deane, James Collins
The equipment has
elaborate control, data logging and monitoring systems including a mass spectrometer (Figure 5) for
measuring the composition of the process off gases.
Whilst these cells reduce only gram quantities of material per run they turn around quickly and operate flexibly and hence are able to generate quantities of scientific data relatively quickly.
These cells function both to provide development data and quantities of FFC reduced product for testing, post processing and customer evaluation.
Figure 8: Kilogram scale FFC reduction facility for titanium.
Develop a route for Ti alloys, in particular Ti-6Al-4V by direct reduction in the FFC cell. 4.
Whilst these cells reduce only gram quantities of material per run they turn around quickly and operate flexibly and hence are able to generate quantities of scientific data relatively quickly.
These cells function both to provide development data and quantities of FFC reduced product for testing, post processing and customer evaluation.
Figure 8: Kilogram scale FFC reduction facility for titanium.
Develop a route for Ti alloys, in particular Ti-6Al-4V by direct reduction in the FFC cell. 4.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Tamihiro Gotoh, Kenji Kaneda
Ea is evaluated to be ~0.47 eV from the data.
Solid line is fit to the data.
The present data seem to be consistent with PLD samples [6].
One possibility is the reduction of impurity-related carrier by annealing.
Recently, we reported the reduction of O-H absorption band by thermal annealing [5].
Solid line is fit to the data.
The present data seem to be consistent with PLD samples [6].
One possibility is the reduction of impurity-related carrier by annealing.
Recently, we reported the reduction of O-H absorption band by thermal annealing [5].
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Jian Min Han, Dong Po Yang
(2) The PVT data were plotted in Fig. 3
Shear stress Mpa 0.3 10 Max. shear rate 1/s 50000 Fig.3 PVT data Fig.4Viscositymodel coefficients The simulation results of the original model Filling Time of the original model is shown in Fig. 5.
Fig.19 Mold contrast Estimation of Material saving cost We calculate the nozzle material weight reduction and injection time reduce as an example in order to calculate the total cost reduction.
As shown in Table 2, each product nozzle material weight reduction cost saving for: 510.546×(53.512%-31.421%)×35000×10-6≈4 yuan.
Table.2 Test Data Original model Modified model Material ASA 778T ASA 778T Solid density g/cm3 1.0531 1.0531 Material price RMB/t 35000 35000 Volume of product cm3 484.803 484.803 Weight of product g 510.5460393 510.5460393 Volume of nozzle material cm3 259.427 152.328 Weight of nozzle material g 273.2025737 160.4166168 Nozzle material for injection weight % 53.51183883 31.42059764 Injection weight g 783.748613 670.9626561 Cost of material RMB 27.43120146 23.48369296 Injection time s 3.18 2.75 Maximum injection pressure Mpa 86 90 Maximum clamping force t 546 430 Injection time reduction cost saving for: The molding cycle of the original plan in about 1 minutes.
Shear stress Mpa 0.3 10 Max. shear rate 1/s 50000 Fig.3 PVT data Fig.4Viscositymodel coefficients The simulation results of the original model Filling Time of the original model is shown in Fig. 5.
Fig.19 Mold contrast Estimation of Material saving cost We calculate the nozzle material weight reduction and injection time reduce as an example in order to calculate the total cost reduction.
As shown in Table 2, each product nozzle material weight reduction cost saving for: 510.546×(53.512%-31.421%)×35000×10-6≈4 yuan.
Table.2 Test Data Original model Modified model Material ASA 778T ASA 778T Solid density g/cm3 1.0531 1.0531 Material price RMB/t 35000 35000 Volume of product cm3 484.803 484.803 Weight of product g 510.5460393 510.5460393 Volume of nozzle material cm3 259.427 152.328 Weight of nozzle material g 273.2025737 160.4166168 Nozzle material for injection weight % 53.51183883 31.42059764 Injection weight g 783.748613 670.9626561 Cost of material RMB 27.43120146 23.48369296 Injection time s 3.18 2.75 Maximum injection pressure Mpa 86 90 Maximum clamping force t 546 430 Injection time reduction cost saving for: The molding cycle of the original plan in about 1 minutes.
Online since: March 2013
Authors: Kenichi Murakami, Kohsaku Ushioda, Tatsuya Morikawa, Kenji Higashida, Sae Nakanishi, Yoshihiro Suwa
Prediction of recrystallization textures using the phase field simulation
Recrystallization behaviors and texture evolution were predicted with phase field simulation using EBSD data (Fig 9 a) obtained from 80% cold-rolled Interstitial Free (IF) steel as the initial input data by Suwa et al. [18].
Fig. 9 IPF maps of (a) scanned data of 80% cold-rolled Ti-IF steel, (b) reconstructed subgrain (SG) structure and (c) partially recrystallized microstructure simulated by the phase field simulation [18].
When a phase-field simulation of recrystallization is performed based on the above assumptions, 1) distribution of crystal orientations and 2) stored energy are needed as the initial data.
However, the method for extracting the initial substructure information from EBSD data (Fig.9 a) has not yet been established.
An attempt to predict the recrystallization behaviors and the texture evolution during annealing was made using the phase field simulation based on the SG growth model, where the experimental EBSD data of cold-rolled sheet are used as the initial condition.
Fig. 9 IPF maps of (a) scanned data of 80% cold-rolled Ti-IF steel, (b) reconstructed subgrain (SG) structure and (c) partially recrystallized microstructure simulated by the phase field simulation [18].
When a phase-field simulation of recrystallization is performed based on the above assumptions, 1) distribution of crystal orientations and 2) stored energy are needed as the initial data.
However, the method for extracting the initial substructure information from EBSD data (Fig.9 a) has not yet been established.
An attempt to predict the recrystallization behaviors and the texture evolution during annealing was made using the phase field simulation based on the SG growth model, where the experimental EBSD data of cold-rolled sheet are used as the initial condition.
Online since: October 2025
Authors: Abdul Basith, Yana Oktaviana
Numerous studies have utilized remote sensing data to analyze land cover and land use (LULC) changes in Kulonprogo Regency, employing various analytical methods.
The geometric and radiometric corrections applied to this imagery ensure high data accuracy for analytical applications.
It is essential to include object-specific data that acts as distinct descriptors for every class when creating categorization rules.
The rule set was iteratively tested against sample data to assess its performance.
Land cover change is assessed by overlaying land cover data from 2016 and 2021.
The geometric and radiometric corrections applied to this imagery ensure high data accuracy for analytical applications.
It is essential to include object-specific data that acts as distinct descriptors for every class when creating categorization rules.
The rule set was iteratively tested against sample data to assess its performance.
Land cover change is assessed by overlaying land cover data from 2016 and 2021.
Online since: January 2005
Authors: Yun Kyeong Sheen, Yong Ik Byun
BATC survey data of 15 intermediate-band filters
offer excellent opportunity to study low spectral resolution SED for thousands of point sources in the
field simultaneously.
However, they have much superior photometric accuracy than spectroscopic data and still represent general outlines of optical SEDs.
Title of Publication (to be inserted by the publisher) BATC Multiband Data The BATC (Beijing-Arizona-Taipei-Connecticut) color survey is optical imaging survey for approximately 500 target fields [2].
The left panel shows detailed spectra for each spectral type and the right panel is for BATC SEDs Data Reduction In order to sample faintest sources at an increased S/N, we combined hundreds of images from the same filter.
The BATC data of multiple intermediate filters are indeed useful in constructing SED curves for many thousands of sources accurately.
However, they have much superior photometric accuracy than spectroscopic data and still represent general outlines of optical SEDs.
Title of Publication (to be inserted by the publisher) BATC Multiband Data The BATC (Beijing-Arizona-Taipei-Connecticut) color survey is optical imaging survey for approximately 500 target fields [2].
The left panel shows detailed spectra for each spectral type and the right panel is for BATC SEDs Data Reduction In order to sample faintest sources at an increased S/N, we combined hundreds of images from the same filter.
The BATC data of multiple intermediate filters are indeed useful in constructing SED curves for many thousands of sources accurately.
Online since: September 2011
Authors: Xian Feng Huang, Jun Liu, Yan Yang
When the sound transmission velocity of the forced flexural wave incident on the wall and the one of the inherent free bending wave are equal, the maximum amplitude of wall vibration will occur, As a consequence, the phenomenon of a large number of sound transmit through the wall and the sound reduction index of the wall abates rapidly, due to the coincidence effect, and that coincidence effect is a major factor that affects the sound insulation adversely.
The coincidence effect which occurs in the wall will impair the sound insulation performance, which decline in the sound reduction index within a certain frequency range, which the mass law can not predicted it.
Calculation of sound reduction index to 20 mm plasterboard by mass law and SEA Fig3.
Calculation of sound reduction index to 20 mm flake board by mass law and SEA As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, it indicates that (1) the coincidence effect reduces the sound reduction index in the coincidence valley, and the values of reduction are dependent of the properties of the wall which is concerned: thickness, surface density, and young’s modulus. (2)As to a homogeneous single-leaf wall, the frequency range of the coincidence effect can be found by SEA. (3) Under the condition of the wall with the same material, the critical frequency will move towards the lower frequency due to higher surface density and thicker wall, whereas, the critical frequency will make for the higher frequency owe to lower surface density and thinner plate.
Fig.4 Comparison of the sound reduction index for 100 thick aerated concrete Regardless of coincidence effect, the sound reduction index calculated by the mass law is higher than the measured data.
The coincidence effect which occurs in the wall will impair the sound insulation performance, which decline in the sound reduction index within a certain frequency range, which the mass law can not predicted it.
Calculation of sound reduction index to 20 mm plasterboard by mass law and SEA Fig3.
Calculation of sound reduction index to 20 mm flake board by mass law and SEA As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, it indicates that (1) the coincidence effect reduces the sound reduction index in the coincidence valley, and the values of reduction are dependent of the properties of the wall which is concerned: thickness, surface density, and young’s modulus. (2)As to a homogeneous single-leaf wall, the frequency range of the coincidence effect can be found by SEA. (3) Under the condition of the wall with the same material, the critical frequency will move towards the lower frequency due to higher surface density and thicker wall, whereas, the critical frequency will make for the higher frequency owe to lower surface density and thinner plate.
Fig.4 Comparison of the sound reduction index for 100 thick aerated concrete Regardless of coincidence effect, the sound reduction index calculated by the mass law is higher than the measured data.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Li Ping Qin, Wei Rong Huang
In order to evaluated the curing agent’s capability of reduction and regeneration, the study analyzed all kinds of performance index of improving the aged asphalt by the curing agent.
The curing agent’s capability of reduction and regeneration The study evaluated the curing agent’s reduction and regeneration capacity by comparing the effect of the aged asphalt’s improvement of each period.
To increase the comparability, sample 6# and 7 #were ductility tests at the temperature of 25℃.The experiment’s data of each period is showed in the table 1.
According to the data of texture depth before and after construction ,we draw fig.1.According to the fig.1,in the conservation curing agent sprayed a month later, the road surface texture depth value decreased, the average reduction rate reached 13.11%,but all meet the requirements of Standard[6,7,8], From fluctuations in the curve of the fig.1 shows the curve of texture depth declined after construction, which shows the depth of the road before construction works are more evenly to the horizontal and vertical tarred drainage ,and improved stagnant water conditions of the road after rain, which increases the speed of the performance and security.
According to the data of the friction coefficient anti-slide pendulum values before and after construction to draw fig.2.
The curing agent’s capability of reduction and regeneration The study evaluated the curing agent’s reduction and regeneration capacity by comparing the effect of the aged asphalt’s improvement of each period.
To increase the comparability, sample 6# and 7 #were ductility tests at the temperature of 25℃.The experiment’s data of each period is showed in the table 1.
According to the data of texture depth before and after construction ,we draw fig.1.According to the fig.1,in the conservation curing agent sprayed a month later, the road surface texture depth value decreased, the average reduction rate reached 13.11%,but all meet the requirements of Standard[6,7,8], From fluctuations in the curve of the fig.1 shows the curve of texture depth declined after construction, which shows the depth of the road before construction works are more evenly to the horizontal and vertical tarred drainage ,and improved stagnant water conditions of the road after rain, which increases the speed of the performance and security.
According to the data of the friction coefficient anti-slide pendulum values before and after construction to draw fig.2.