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The simulation results agree with experimental data on the whole.
Distribution of the stress (a) rolling direction (b) x-direction in the user coordinate system During the FR, there is no further reduction until the last pass i.e. the sizing pass.
This reduction (7%) is used to eliminate the surface defects created in the previous passes.
Main parameters of BSR process Curved deformation area obliquity α [°] Curved deformation area height H [mm] Length of straight part Lstr [mm] Reduction ε [%] # 1 75 7.83 7 9 # 2 75 9.96 11 18 Fig. 5.
The surface defects remain to be eliminated by further reduction, which will reduce the thickness ratio obtained during BSR.

This article proposed a rapid mobile robot self-localization method based on laser data, encoder data and azimuth compass data.
Problem-solving flow chart shown in Figure 2: Figure 2 Algorithm flow chart Data Preprocessing The robot self-localization method based on laser radar, encoder and azimuth compass requires a more precise laser-data, encoder data and azimuth compass data.
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of laser data collection Figure 4 Before processing(a) Figure 4 After processing(b) The encoder data can get from motor controller commonly used in motor control, but it is sometimes fail to get the exact data, so we use the check method built-in motor controller for encoder data processing.
Home service robots Figure 6 The two frame data after processing Table 1.
Mobile robot self-localization based on laser data registration.

LDA is a classical technique for linear dimension reduction.
But, when the data is distributed in a nonlinear way, LDA may fail to discover essential data structures.
LPP can preserve the intrinsic geometry of data and yield an explicit linear mapping suitable for training and testing samples.
Existing methods use PCA to preprocess the high-dimensional data, which may destroy the integrity of the original data.
DOFMA can avoid PCA pre-processing step and directly extract the optimal matrix from the original data.

The figure is a very important kind of data object, basing on the graphic data analysis can reveal the change of things and the law of development, and provide a basis for the later scientific decision-making.
One dimensional data vector A contains N=16 data values, such as [27,71,17,31,59,3, 43, 59100, 42, 0, 58, 30,88,72130], then gets the low scale data average in pair to express the average value [49,24,31,51, 71,29,59101], in which the average of 27 and 71 is 49, and so on.
The experiment used 1200 groups form data, each group with 2200 data points, we experiment with 100 groups of data, use 4 group as an example.
Locally adaptive dimensionality reduction for indexing large time series databases[C].
In proceedings of ACMSIGMOD Conference on Management of Data.

In the process of unloading, rate of permeability increase slowly with the reduction of effective stress.
Test data analysis.
The experimental results are shown in Table1: according to analysis of data in Table 1, obtain the relationship between permeability of coal sample and effective stress.
Use the test data of Table 1 for further processing to get the fitting relationship between permeability of coal sample and effective stress.
Although the test stress level is low, from the data in table 1 and the development trend of the curve in Fig.3 can be seen, the raw coal sample has the same variation.

Finally, a test has been made with real data from an oilfield.
In section 4, we discuss our experiments with real data.
PCA was a good tool for dimensionality reduction and relationship decoupling.
We should map the source data set into a new one, in which sensors can be grouped rather than data features.
In our paper we will use the covariance matrix of S as the new data set.

As preliminary material curve, data on 33MnB5 in form of annealed seamless pipe was available in CSM database.
Finally, the tapered specimens have been compressed at several height reductions (from 50 to 80%) and strain rates (from 0.1 to 1 s-1).
Unexpectedly, such evidences would suggest that the use of UFG wire rod, despite the finer grain size and the better ductility, was not clearly beneficial in term of scrap percentage, However, it has to be noted that the data of scrap amount, determined during the forging operations merely refer to the total scrap, as no selection of the defect type has been done.
It means that a further refinement of grain size should produce a more evident effect in scrap reduction during the cold forming process.
It is expected that a further refinement of grain size should produce a more evident effect in scrap reduction during the cold forming process.

For the process automation of various design activities including the parametric study, human interactions are excluded practically, in which all processes are dealt with the XML-wrapper, and in- and output data are linked each other and treated in the engineering data management.
The FE model is made of pre-defined shell elements which are transformed from the geometric data of 3 dimensional CAD files under a meshoffset technique developed in this study.
The geometric information such as outer surface data, feature lines and boundary position data applying to structural analysis is provided to the FE modeling support system in the form of CATPart files of CATIA(s.
The position data for the MPCs is obtained simply from the CATPart files.
For the automation of their processes the XMLwrapper was used, in which in- and output data are linked each other and treated in the engineering data management.

During the data pre-processing phase, we study data reduction by varying data sampling sizes and selecting relevant and appropriate features.
Clustering data into two clusters (fail cluster and pass cluster) 2.
TP rate or recall comparison of different data sampling sizes Figure 4.
The fault detection models are then derived from each feature selected data.
FP rate of each model on different feature selection methods Discussion For this specific data domain, it can be noticed that data reduction by selecting representative examples does not contribute much to the increase in fault detection accuracy in terms of TP rate and precision.

Application of an electric current leads to reduction of growth speed with negative polarity and enhancement of growth speed with positive polarity.
The electric resistance in the current path leads to Joule heating which causes reduction of growth speed when it takes place near growth front.
From the comparison of the growth speed between with and without an electric current, reduction of growth speed is much larger than enhancement of growth speed.
For example, the LPEE with 0.3 mm-thick seeds exhibited only reduction of growth speed with the current density irrespective of the electrode polarity (no data is shown).
Because of the difficulty in measuring dissolution speed with high accuracy, we measured the reduction in growth speed in the case of the LPEE with negative polarity.