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Its basic assumptions are as follows: first, assume that viscoelastic materials have linear stiffness in the shear strain within 200%.
Second, mostly in lower frequency range, the influence of properties of viscoelastic materials is not obvious.
Three, the internal temperature change of viscoelastic materials caused by vibrations can be ignored.
Materials were Q235B steel.
Journal of southeast university (natural science edition) 2004, 34(1), 86-88

The iterative process is gradually removing invalid or inefficient material, and keeping effective material.
The invalid or inefficient material of feasible design area is removed, the distribution shape of effective material is clear.
Acknowledgements We would like to give our acknowledgment to Wuhan University of Technology and Wuhan city, Hubei province, China because the research work reported here has been supported by “the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities” (2012-IV-035),“Wuhan City International Science and Technology Cooperation Plan Project of Key Science and Technology Problem Project”(201231234463) and “Wuhan City Youth Science and Technology Chenguang Plan Project”(2013070104010004).
[3] CHEN Shuxun, WANG Sunuan, BAI Bin, YING Honglie and TANG Yong: Load Expression and Structural Optimization of Compressed Rubbish Vehicle, Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 44(2008), p.213-219
[4] Hui ZHOU, Gangyan LI, Hanwei BAO and Jiuqiang SUN: Compressing Equipment Control Method of Horizontal Preloading Domestic Waste Disposal Transfer Station and Its Implementation, Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 345(2013), p.72-78.

Introduction Thermodynamic calculations are widely used in chemical engineering, materials science, biomedical engineering and other fields.
In the aluminum composite materials, there are many related research reports and literature about thermodynamic calculations and analyses.
Yu, Silicon dissolution and interfacial characteristics in Si/Al composites fabricated by gas pressure infiltration, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 139 (2013) 783-788
Fan, Rheo-processing of an alloy specifically designed for semi-solid metal processing based on the Al–Mg–Si system, Materials Science and Engineering, 476 (2008) 341-349
Chawla, The interface microstructure in alumina (FP) fibre/magnesium alloy composite, Journal of Materials Science, 25 (1990) 1563-1567.

Now, it has been widely used in many aspects, such as heating materials, electromagnetic screen and temperature-sensing element [4-6].
Experiment Part Materials and Instruments The main materials: LDPE, DGDA6098, China Petrochemical Co.
Research Progress on Polymer Based PTC Materials, J.
Journal of materials science, 1993, 28(1): 117-120
Harbin University of Science and Technology, 2010, pp. 28.

The TEM images taken at different milling time allowed us to follow the morphology of the materials at different stages.
The coercivity decreases with increasing temperature, for milling times <16 h and for temperatures over 550 °C the materials must be very mild magnetically.
Journal of Nano Research, doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/JNanoR.38.114. (2016)
Coey, Magnetic materials, Journal alloys and Compounds, 326 (2001) 2-6
[15] Masafumi Chiba, Hideki Hotta,TohruNobuki,Atsushi Sotoma, Toshiro Kuji, Microstructure dependence of the magnetic properties in fine Mg-Tm (Tm: Co, Fe) particles by using a mechanical alloying technique, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (2007).

Introduction As a kind of non-ferrous metal material with excellent performance, aluminum and its alloy materials are widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, defense industry, electronic products and other fields [1, 2].
The environmental friendliness of material preparation is becoming more and more important, and more environmentally friendly materials should be used for the encapsulation treatment.
Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2016M601333), Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No.201602518), the Shenyang Science and Technology Project (No. 2018-013-0-14).
[2] Chunyan Du, Hui Zhao, Zhiyong Dai, ZhiyuTian, Jinchuan Wang, Zhen Wang,The preparation and properties of black coating by micro arc oxidation on 2A12 aluminum alloy,Materials Letters, Volume 236, 2019,P ages 723-726,ISSN 0167-577X
Corrosion Science, 2017: S0010938X16312707

Field, Electron Backscatter Diffraction Materials Science, 2nd ed., Springer US, New York, 2009
Ohfuji, EBSD Analysis of the Submicron Width Fibber Shaped Grain Copper Fabricated by Drawing, Materials Sciences and Application. 2 (2011) 911-916
Doty, Effect of metallurgical parameters on the hardness and microstructural characterization of as-cast and heat-treated 356 and 319 aluminum alloys, Materials Science and Engineering A. 443 (2007) 185-201
Campbell, Morphology of β-Al5FeSi Phase in Al-Si Cast Alloys, Materials Transactions. 47 (2006) 1303-1312
Fan, Heterogeneous Nucleation of α-Al Grain on Primary α-AlFeMnSi Intermetallic Investigated Using 3D SEM Ultramicrotomy and HRTEM, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A. 45 (2014) 3971-3980.

Effects of Fly Ash and Granular Blast-furnace Slag on Development Rate of Strength of Concrete Ji-wei CAI1, a *, Si-jia YAN1,b, Gong-lei WEI2,c, Lu WANG2,d and Jin-jin ZHOU2,e 1Institute of Materials and Structure, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China 2Shijiazhuang Jinyu Xucheng Concrete Co.
Experimental Materials. 1) Cementitious materials including Ordinary Portland Cement (grade 42.5 MPa) with 28 d compressive strength 50.2 MPa and specific surface area 350 m2/kg, Grade II Fly Ash (FA) with water demand ratio 98% and S95 ground granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) with specific surface area 410 m2/kg. 2) Aggregates including natural sand with fineness modulus 2.6 and crushed stone in 5-25 mm continuous gradation. 3) Superplasticizers including sulphonated naphthalene with dosage 1-1.2% for C30 concrete series and polycarboxylate with dosage 0.9-1% for C60 concrete series.
Abd elaty: Compressive strength prediction of Portland cement concrete with age using a new model, HBRC Journal (2013), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hbrcj.2013.09.005 [3] Ji-wei CAI, Ying WANG, Bao-long LIU, et al: Research on Estimating 28 d Strength of Concrete by Early Strength, Journal of Henan University (Natural Science), 2014, 44(1), pp. 108-112 (in Chinese)
[5] Bi-hua ZHAO, Ming QIN: On the Early Estimation of Fly Ash Concrete Strength, Journal of East China Jiaotong University, 2001,18(3), pp. 87-89 (in Chinese)

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 75 (2006) 205–210
The Journal of Supercritical Fluids 31 (2004) 185–193
Carbonization of waste PVC to develop porous carbon material without further activation.
Journal of China University of Mining & Technology Vol.17, No.2 (2007)
Computational and Theoretical Polymer Science 10, (2000) 481-489

Experimental Raw Materials.
Bentur: Materials and Structures Vol.35, (2002), p. 97-101
Yuan: Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater.
Liu: Journal of Railway Science and Engineering Vol. 3, No.2 (1992), p. 15-20
Zhao, in: 6th International Specialty Conference on Fiber Reinforced Materials, edited by X.