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For most materials, magnetron sputtering coating can be applied.
Chinese Academy of Science.
Acknowledgement This work is supported by the following foundations: The Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (F201017); The Postdoctoral Foundation of Heilongjiang Province.
Nano materials technology and application [M].BeiJing: Chemical Industry Press, 2004
Journal of Dalian University of Technology, [J]. 1997, 37(2): 204-207

As shown in Fig.7 , the maximum welding residual stresses near the weld toe is 313Mpa, which is 93% of the material yield strength.
Acknowledgement This work has been supported by Natural Science Foundation of China through the Projects No. 50830203 and No. 50678142.
References [1] Q.M.Wang , "Guyed Mast ", chapter, 10, Science Press, 2001 [2] Z.H.Xu, "Guyed Mast fatigue analysis of welded joints in wind load", (Master thesis), Shanghai:Tongji University,2005 [3] Y.L.He, M.Xing, Q.M.Wang.
"Wind-induced response analysis and wind tunnel test research of guyed mast ", Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 35(10),1438-1443,2001 [4] Meshmesha, H; Sennah, K; Kennedy, JB.
[7] D Deng, H Murakawa, "Numerical simulation of temperature field and residual stress in multi-pass welds in stainless steel pipe and comparison with experimental measurements", Computational Materials Science, 37, 269-277, 2006 [8] Y H Zhang , "Principle of welding mechanics and structural integrity",Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Press,2007.8 [9] L G Chen, "Construction steel welding residual stress and ways to explore",Eleventh National Welding conference proceedings, 2, 35-38,2005 [10] L.J.Lu.

Ashing Temperature’s Impact on the Characteristics of Biomass Ash Wenni Li1,a, Qinghai Li 2,b, Yanguo Zhang *3,c, Aihong Meng 4,d 1,2,3,4 Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministy of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, Post Code: 100084.
This involves the accelterated melting mechanism of alkaline oxidizing material that can be well explained by [7]Vorres’s ideas of ionic potential.
Journal of Fuel Chemistry And Technology.2004,32（5）: 547-552 [5] K.Raveendran,Anuradda Ganesh..Influence of mineral matter on biomass pyrolysis characteristices.Fuel.
[J].Journal of Engineering for Power.Transaction ASME 1979,101（4）:497-499 [8] MAO Jun,XU Ming-hou,LI Fan.The effect of alkali mineral matter on the ash melting characteristic.
[J].J.Huazhong Univ.ofSci&Tech(Nature Science Edition). 2003,31(4):59-62 [9] Ohman M, Nordin A.

Microwave non-destructive evaluation (NDE) is defined as the inspection and characterization of materials and structures using microwave energy [2].
Methods Materials.
Acknowledgements This work is financially supported by the AQSIQ Science and Technology Project (2012QK314).
Zimmerman: Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology Vol. 132, (2010), p. 051501-1
Qin: Journal of Applied Polymer Science Vol. 124, (2012), p. 4070-4080

In micro/nano meter scale, the surface effect may have a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the materials and then affects the life, duration, and reliability of the product.
In this stage, the material shows elastic deformation.
Lu: Japanese Journal of Applied Physics.
I.N.Sneddon: International Journal of Engineering Science Vol. 3 (1965), P. 47 7.
Li: Materials & Design.

Thanks to the light weight, high strength to weight ratio, good electromagnetic shielding property and castability, Mg alloys have been increasingly used as laptop housing and mobile phone housing materials.
When MAO is applied to electronics housing materials, its insulating properties will both affect the thermal dissipation and the electrical conductivity as well as electromagnetic interference shielding properties, especially on the internal surfaces.
This new combination of surface can be used on electronics housing materials, especially those require both excellent corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity, such as outdoor lighting fixtures and outdoor portable electronics, etc..
This new combination of surface can be used on electronics housing materials, especially those require both excellent corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity, such as outdoor lighting fixtures and outdoor portable electronics, etc..
Wang, et al., “Construction of superhydrophobic hydromagnesite films on the Mg alloy”, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 129 (2011) 154-160

So many studies on nucleation and propagation of corrosion pits in these aluminum alloy materials have been addressed [1, 2].
Experiments The pre-corrosion sheet material for this study was satisfied the specifications for the LC4 designation.
Kotula: Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol. 153 (2006), p. 296 [3] American Society for Testing and Materials, U.S.
ASTM G34-01(2007) [4] American Society for Testing and Materials, U.S.
Patel: Mater Lett Vol.62(2008),p.4499 [6] An Guofeng, Lv Shengli, Zhang Wei and Lv Guozhi: Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument Vol.30NO.6 (2009), p.779

Biezma Moraleda, Materials Performance and Characterization, 5 (2016) 689-700
Rose, Journal of Material Science, 13 (1978) 1647-1657
Riad, Materials Characterization, 48 (2002) 37-41
Linhardt, Materials and Corrosion, 66 (2015) 1536-1541
Biezma, Materials and Corrosion, 69 (2018) 358-364.

Experimental Material and Method The substrate material used in the present work was non oriented electrical steel with 20×20×0.5 mm 3 and composition of 8.28at% Si.
For instance, structural characterization of materials is not provided measured directly.
Chen: Materials Protection of china.
Zhang: International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, Vol. 16(2009): p. 208 [9] Z.
Chen: Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing.

The materials’ flammability behaviors i.e. smoke, toxicity and heat release are crucial in such industries and flame retardant (FR) additives have been commonly used to promote intumescent mechanism for NF based polymeric composites.
Materials and Fabrication Material.
Morgan, Fire retardancy of polymeric materials. 2009: CRC press
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2010. 117(1): p. 443-449
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 2011. 35(2): p. 155-163.