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Online since: January 2014
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed Bofares, Mohamed Salem Elmnefi
Since wind energy is a clean and renewable energy, systems transforming wind power to electrical energy has been developing quite fast (Aras, et al. 2003).
[10]Albadi MH, El-Saadany EF, Albaid HA,Wind to power a new city in Oman, Energy 34 (2009) 1579-1586
[10]Albadi MH, El-Saadany EF, Albaid HA,Wind to power a new city in Oman, Energy 34 (2009) 1579-1586
Online since: March 2017
Authors: Leila Remache, Nacerddine Djermane
Effect of Nanotechnology on Physical Properties of Concrete
Leila Remache*1, Nacerddine Djermane2
1, 2 Department of mechanical engineering, Sciences and Applied Science faculty, Larbi ben M’Hidi university, Oum el bouaghi, ALGERIA.
[16] S.H.Chen and al.
[16] S.H.Chen and al.
Online since: April 2009
Authors: Rong Zhou Gong, Hai Feng Li, Li Ren Fan, Gang He, Xiang Shen
Hsing-I Hsiang et al. [12] prepared Co2Z particles by molten salt method using
Li2SO4-Na2SO4 mixture and reported the changes of magnetic properties, whereas particle
morphology wasn't homogeneous and containing a quantity of BaSO4 and spinel phase.
El-Sayed and E.M.A.
El-Sayed and E.M.A.
Online since: April 2010
Authors: Mourad Keddam
Keddam
Faculté de Génie Mécanique et Génie des Procédés, Département de S.D.M, B.P N°32, 16111,
El-Alia, Bab- Ezzouar, Alger, Algérie
keddam@yahoo.fr
Keywords: Boriding, Growth kinetics, Iron boride, Incubation time, Diffusion model.
The incubation time, inct , required for an appearance of the BFe2 iron boride was obtained by a linear regression from the experimental data taken from Campos-Silva et al. [6].
The incubation time, inct , required for an appearance of the BFe2 iron boride was obtained by a linear regression from the experimental data taken from Campos-Silva et al. [6].
Online since: March 2010
Authors: Jin Yong Xu, Jia Wei Xiang, Zhan Si Jiang
The construction of multi-scale wavelet-based element
The static disc is modeled by a Rayleigh-Timoshenko beam considering the effects of the
cross-section inertia and shear deformation, the elemental potential energy eU can be written as
x
x
w
k
GA
dx
x
EI
U
e
e l
l
z
e
d)
d
d
(
2
)
d
d
(
2
2
0
2
0
θ
θ
−
+
= ∫∫ (3)
where E is Young's modulus, zI is the moment of inertia, ),( txw is the transverse displacement, el is
elemental length, Gis the shear modulus, A is the area of the cross-section, k is the shear
deformation coefficient (In the present work, we suppose 9/10=k ), and ),( txθ is the rotation of the
beam section due to bending.
The layout of elemental nodes and the corresponding DOFs where { }T21 p e www K=w , { }T21 p e θθθ K=θ , the column vector and transformation matrix eT is 1T 1 T 2 T 1 T ))]( )( )(([ − + = pj j j e ξ ξξ Φ ΦΦT K (7) Substituting Eq.(6) into Eq.(3) and Eq.(4) respectively, we obtain ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂ + ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂ = + + + = )()( 2 1 )()( 2 1 )()( 2 1 )()( 2 1 )()( 2 1 )()( 2 1 ,T ,T 4,T 3,T 2,T 1,T t tt t T U e re e e be e e eee eee eee eee e θ M θw M w θKθwKθθKwwKw (8) where stiffness sub-matrices are )()( 1,1T 1, e e e e kl GA TΓT K = , )()( 0,1T 2, e e e k GA TΓT K −= , T2,3, )( ee KK = and )()()()( 0,0T 1,1T 4, e ee e e e ze k GAl l EI TΓT TΓT K + = ; the mass sub-matrices )()( 0,0T , e e e be Al TΓT M ρ= and )()( 0,0T , e e e zre l I TΓT M ρ = , in which
The layout of elemental nodes and the corresponding DOFs where { }T21 p e www K=w , { }T21 p e θθθ K=θ , the column vector and transformation matrix eT is 1T 1 T 2 T 1 T ))]( )( )(([ − + = pj j j e ξ ξξ Φ ΦΦT K (7) Substituting Eq.(6) into Eq.(3) and Eq.(4) respectively, we obtain ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂ + ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂ = + + + = )()( 2 1 )()( 2 1 )()( 2 1 )()( 2 1 )()( 2 1 )()( 2 1 ,T ,T 4,T 3,T 2,T 1,T t tt t T U e re e e be e e eee eee eee eee e θ M θw M w θKθwKθθKwwKw (8) where stiffness sub-matrices are )()( 1,1T 1, e e e e kl GA TΓT K = , )()( 0,1T 2, e e e k GA TΓT K −= , T2,3, )( ee KK = and )()()()( 0,0T 1,1T 4, e ee e e e ze k GAl l EI TΓT TΓT K + = ; the mass sub-matrices )()( 0,0T , e e e be Al TΓT M ρ= and )()( 0,0T , e e e zre l I TΓT M ρ = , in which
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Yuan Hua Wu, Meng Nan An, Jian Guang Chen, Xiu Xiang Zhao, Yan Qin Zhao, Xu Min Yin
The Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry method was used to determine polygalacturonase (PG) and polymethylgalacturonase(PMG) by a UV Lambda 25 in 540 nm wave length, while the method of Hoffman et al. was conducted to determine polygalacturonic acid trans-eliminase, (PGTE) and pectin methyl trans-eliminase, (PMTE) in 232nm wave length.
EL-Abyad, M.
EL-Abyad, M.