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Owing to its unique properties and wide engineering applications, magnetorheological fluids (MRF) has become a hot study area in the field of smart materials.
Introduction Magnetorheological fluids (MRF) is a kind of smart material whose behavior can be regulated, it is a stable suspension formed from non-colloidal particles being dispersed into insulating carrier medium whose rheological behavior can be controlled by changing external magnetic field [1].
In this set-up, the crystal detector needs to satisfy square detection such that detection current can represent relative power; a galvanometer is used for measuring output power of reflection-type resonant cavity with its range 0~200 μA; the frequency of microwave is measured by direct-reading frequency meter; when measure microwave by crystal detector, in order to obtain higher detection efficiency, the detector is always equipped with an adjustable short-circuiting piston, adjusting its position can locate detector tube at the antinode of microwave, thus it should be noted to adjust its position when frequency is changed so as to make detector tube always located at that place; some medium or absorbing materials which can greatly absorb microwave energy are loaded into waveguide as matched load, it can almost absorb all the incident power; a container used for containing MRF is made up of plastic sheet (length 3.919cm, width 2.086cm, height 0.942cm, thickness 0.107cm).
Acknowledgement The authors are grateful for the financial support from natural science foundation of Hubei Province (No. 2007ABA086).
Kordonsky: Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures Vol. 7 (1996), p. 123 [2] Jijun Fan, Xiaoping Zhao, Xiuming Gao, Changnian Cao: J.

Journal of Nuclear Materials. 412 (2011).
Materials and Design 23 (2002).
Journal of achievements in materials and manufacturing engineering, Vol 19, Issue 2, Dec 2006
Materials Science and Technology (MS & T) 2009, October 25-29, 2009, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Joining of Advanced and Specialty Materials 2009 ( JASM XI)

In many industries, epoxy-based adhesives are employed extensively to bond different substrate materials because of their strong adhesion to various treated or untreated metal surfaces[3-5].
Polymer composite materials are the most widely used matrix resin.
Nano-composites, with high stiffness and dimensional stabilities can also be used as flame retardant materials[6-8].
International Journal of Adhesion & Adhesives,31, (2011),286–300 [9]LI Bin, LI Xiu-li.
Chemical Materials For Construction,19, (2003).38-40 [10]Van den Brand J, Van Gils S, Beentjes PCJ, Terryn H, Sivel V, de Wit JHW.

Reverse Logistics stands for all operations related to the reuse of products and materials.
PRM is concerned with the care for products and materials after they have been used.
Reverse Logistics though refers to all logistic activities relate to collect, disassemble and process of used products, product parts, and/or materials in order to ensure a sustainable (environmentally friendly) recovery[2].
Proper handling of landfill is important in ensuring hazardous materials are not released into the environment.
Ahmad, “Electrical and Electronic Waste Management Practice by households in Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia,” International Journal of Environmental Sciences, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 132-144, 2010

SHS-TiC particle reinforced hardface coating prepared by vacuum cladding process Tao Lin1,a, Fang Wen1,b, Xiangqing Liu 1,c, and Zhimeng Guo1,d 1School of Material Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083, Beijing, China alintao@ustb.edu.cn, bwenfang@126.com, cliuxiangqing@126.com, dzhmguo@mater.ustb.edu.cn Keywords: Hardface coating, Titanium carbide, SHS, Wear resistance Abstract.
Nickel or iron based self-fusion alloy powders were also used as the raw material in this process.
In addition, TiC also is one of the cheapest superhard materials [4-6].
Experiment The raw materials are Ti, C and high chromium iron (Table 1).Ti and C were used to synthesize SHS TiC powders.
Song: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol.168 (2005), p. 89 [2] S.

The process relies on the cyclic mechanical loading of the material caused by the conical shape of the rolls and their rotation.
Fig. 1 shows the material is pulled-in along a helical trajectory and a depressive mode causes a hole to form and develop in the billet.
The next step has been to describe the material flow thereafter, once the plug is in place.
Acknowledgements Research work was supported by the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 06YFJMJC02200 and No. 11JCZDJC22600.
Pietrzyk, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 80-81(1998) 166-173 [3] Yang J., Li G., Wu W., Sawamiphakdi K., Jin D., Materials Science & Technology. 2 (2004) 137-148 [4] MSC.

Acknowledgments The support from the Research Grant of Hunan Provincial Science &Technology Department of China (2014GK3052) and (2013GK3053) are gratefully acknowledged.
Qi: Mechanical Engineering & Automation Vol. 38(4) (2012), p.171 (In Chinese) [2] B.C.Wen: Mechanical Design Manual (China Machine Press, China 2010) [3] H.X.Han: submitted to Journal of Applied Mechanics and Materials (2013) [4] H.Y.Yang: Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering Vol. 41(10) (2005), p.1 (In Chinese) [5] H.X.Han, X.L.Cao: Machine Tool & Hydraulics Vol. 37(4) (2009), p.241 [6] H.X.Han, X.L.Cao: submitted to Journal of IEEE Xplore (PEITS 2010)

Fig.5 Displacement load function Table 1 Element type and mesh division Element name Element type Node number Pipe element 3-D solid element 8 Soil element 3-D solid element 4 The pipe is defined as bilinear plastic material and the soil is Mohr-Coulomb material.
[2] Amirat, A., Mohamed-Chateauneuf, A. and Chaoui, K.: International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, Vol.2 (2006), p.107-117
[4] Wang Lijun: Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science), Vol.32 (2008), p.86-89
[6] Yang Ke: Journal of Wenzhou University, Vol.28 (2007), p.49-54.

The mathematical model of photovoltaic cell Photovoltaic cell that is make use of photovoltaic effect of semiconductor materials can immediately converts received light energy into electrical energy.
Acknowledgements This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61179012).
Journal of Tsinghua University (Sci & Tech), 2007,47(7):1109-1112.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH, 2013,3(2): 412-419
NRIAG Journal of Astronomy and Geophysics, 2014:1-9.

The extended version of this study including group anchors data and related analysis was published in an international journal [1].
Ozturk, Prediction of Tensile Capacity of Adhesive Anchors Including Edge and Group Effects Using Neural Networks, Science and Engineering of Composite Materials, v. 20 (2013) 95–104
[2] Fuchs, W., Eligehausan, R., Breen, J.E., Concrete Capacity Design (CCD) Approach for Fastening to Concrete, ACI Structural Journal, v.92 (1) (1995) 73-94
[4] Cook, R.A., Kunz, J., Fuchs, W., Konz, R.C., Behavior and Design of Single Adhesive Anchors Under Tensile Load in Uncracked Concrete, ACI Structural Journal, vol.95 (1) (1995) 9-26