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Experimental The test material in this study was stainless steel grade ASTM TP304H with a composition as shown in Table 1.
The FEA results are plotted against the experimental SPT curves in Fig. 1 and show a close agreement between the curves.
The equivalent fracture strain can be determined using Eq. 1 [2].
References 1.
Carr: Materials Science Forum Vol. 475-479 (2005), p.1415. 7.

We can see this from the following FIG. 1.
Based on the FIG.1, when , when ,or when ,, the level is always in a stable state.
Reference [1] Donghong Feng.
Computer Engineering and Applications. 2010 (1): 208-210. in Chinese
Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University. 2005(03): 479-483. in Chinese

Wear scar width of two samples were measured by reading microscope for three times at the different place and the average wear scar width are 1.68mm for M2 and 1.76mm for alloyed T8 steel.
References [1] Z.Xu.
Vol. 34(1) (2005) , p.162 [5] X.P.Liu, Z.H.Li, Z.Y.He, et al: Material Science Technology.
Vol. 1(1997) , p.16 [6] Y.M.Zhang, Y.P.Liu, Z.H.Li, Z.Xu: Material Scence Forum.
Vol. 475-479(2005) , p.187

A detailed review article about weldment fracture was presented by Zerbst and his coworkers[1].
The creep constants for the base metal and weld metal are presented in Table 1.
Table 1 Creep constant used in this paper AB(MPa-n·h-1) AW(MPa-n·h-1) m n 2.64E-16 2.64E-14 0.41 5 2.64E-16 7.92E-16 0.81 5 2.64E-16 2.64E-16 1.00 5 2.64E-16 2.64E-17 1.55 5 2.64E-16 2.64E-18 2.41 5 Loading condition.
References [1] Zerbst U, Ainsworth RA, Beier HT, Pisarski H, Zhang ZL, Nikbin K, et al.
International Journal of Solids and Structures. 1981;17:479-92.

Figure.1(a) represents the ECAP process.
Table 1.
References [1].
Alloys Compd. 479(2009) no. 1–2 334-341
A. 462 (2007) no. 1–2 3-11

In 1978, the PV/T solar system concept was proposed by Kern and Russell[1].
The prototype of water PV/T solar test system was shown in figure 1.
Figure.1.
References [1] J.
Agarwall, Study of a hybrid solar system–solar air heater combined with solar cells, Energy Conversion and Management, Vol.31 (1991), p.471–479

Wavelet shrinkage using cross-validation, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B:Methodologica, 58 (1996) 463-479. ], genetic algorithm (GA)[[] Holl and J H.
Take the Gaussian kernel for example, suppose there are kinds of sample set, the step of KPCA feature extraction based on bacterial foraging algorithm are as follows: 1).
In this experiment, 8 accelerometers are configured (s1~s8), as shown in Fig.1.
In this experiment, for each type of bearing states, 150 groups of samples are collected, totally 600 groups, composed of 600 × 8 sample data set, and set up primitive feature libraries 1~3.
Selected feature library 1, feature library 2, feature library 3 as test data set, Set the initial population of bacteria is 50, Convergence Threshold is, optimization space: , Fig. 2 ,Fig.3 and Fig.4 shows all stages of spatial distribution of population in the process of optimization by bacterial foraging algorithm (Not units).

f=0.40964(Hz) T=2.441168(s) f=0.42125(Hz) T=2.373887(s) (a) the first order modal of chimney structure (b) the second order modal of chimney structure f=1.677(Hz) T=0.596303(s)) f=1.5548(Hz) T=0.64317(s) (c) the third order modal of chimney structure (d) the fourth order modal of chimney structure Figure 1 The first four order modal of chimney structure Table 1 Chimney structure modal information summary The modal Frequency (Hz) Cycle (s) The modal Frequency (Hz) Cycle (s) The modal Frequency (Hz) Cycle (s) 1 0.40964 2.441168 11 3.3128 0.301859 21 5.1428 0.194447 2 0.42125 2.373887 12 3.5154 0.284463 22 5.1763 0.193188 3 1.5548 0.64317 13 3.5955 0.278125 23 5.3927 0.185436 4 1.677 0.596303 14 3.7603 0.265936 24 5.4718 0.182755 5 2.2636 0.441774 15 4.0838 0.24487 25 5.7944 0.17258 6 2.3938 0.417746 16 4.2724 0.23406 26 5.8793 0.170088 7 2.8955 0.345363 17 4.3184 0.231567 27 6.0793 0.164493 8 3.1025 0.322321 18 4.4093 0.226793 28 6.1958 0.1614 9 3.2322 0.309387 19 4.567
0.218962 29 6.2746 0.159373 10 3.275 0.305344 20 5.0785 0.196909 30 6.4865 0.154166 Table 2 The first four order modal participation factor Modal order time The X direction Y direction The Z direction 1 1.6011 0.68006 0.00131 2 -0.65140 1.5702 -0.0033 3 -1.6274 0.13361 -0.01402 4 -0.076582 -1.4234 0.01167 Above participation coefficient reflects the dominant mode of degrees of freedom.
Table 3 Chimney performance points corresponding structural response Lateral load patterns the bottom shear force (N) Vertex displacement (mm) Maximum interlayer displacement Angle (%) Location elevation (m) exponential distribution lateral load model 1.43×107 479 0.3113 210 the quality proportion of lateral load model 2.21×107 650 0.3879 220 consider to order more modal load model 1.53×107 512 0.3246 200 lateral displacement loading model 1.77×107 545 0.3417 238 Table 3 can be drawn base shear, vertex displacement, inter-story displacement angle response of exponential distribution corresponding performance points were minimal, because the exponential distribution is well considered highly influential; followed by the consideration of higher modes of lateral load and load combinations of the first three modes.
Summary 1 From the modal analysis, to some extent the establishment of longitudinal reinforcement increased the structure stiffness, and reduced the fundamental natural period. 2 The maximum displacement appeared the top of the structure, while the chimney structure achieves the performance points.
Reference [1] FEMA-445.

Diagram of mechanics analysis is shown in Fig.1.
When stress ratio ζ is large than 1, critical stress of steel plates is smaller than yield stress, steel plates local buckling occurred, the post-buckling strength can be considered.
References [1] S T Zhong.
Vol.34(2002): 1-4.
Computers and Structures Vol.75(2000): 479-490

Fig.1 Effects of slag on compressive strength Fig.2 Total charge at different replacement It can be seen that significant improvement on strength development of concretes made from slag was evident.
References [1] Erhan guneyisi, Mehmet Gesoglu.
Materials and Structures, 2008, (41) : 479-493
Pozzolanic and cementitious by products as mineral admixtures for concrete-a critical review, vol. 1.
Pozzolanic and cementitious by products in concretes-another look, vol. 1.