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For these structures, lateritic soil is a viable construction material in the tropical and subtropical regions where they constitute a major surfacial deposit of engineering materials.
Materials and Methods Soil: Lateritic soil obtained by disturbed sampling method from a borrow source at depths of between 1.5 and 2.5 m in Shika, Zaria (Latitude 11o15’ N and Longitude 7o45’ E), Nigeria was used for this study.
Bentonite: Results of a sieve analysis showed that 92% of the air dry material passed BS No. 200 sieve.
Elsevier Science Publishing, N.Y 1978 [11] W.
Eberemu, Compatibility and attenuative properties of laterite – blast furnace slag mixture, Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management, 35(1) (2009) 7-16 [22] K.

Eearlier semiconductor solar cells were fabricated from the bulk materials.
The gradual evolution of the new types of materials like quantum well, quantum wire and quantum dot have drawn the attention of the researchers to find out the material to fabricate the device from the wide range of available materials [2].
Mah: “Fundamentals of Photovoltaic Materials” National Solar Power Research Institute, Inc.
Soga (Ed.), Nanostructured Materials for Solar Energy Conversion, Elsevier B.V., (2006), p. 485
Hegedus: Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, 2nd ed., Wiley (2003).

Sarma et al. [5] had developed a new universal fixturing method, called Reference Free Part Encapsulation (RFPE), which had used Cerro alloy and Rigidax polymer as the filler materials.
Several different fixturing materials are surveyed and then chosen depending on the machining process [12].
Furthermore, additional studies on high-speed machining, optimizing automatic fixturing device and introduction of various working materials should be treated in the near future.
Wright, "Reference Free Part Encapsulation: A New Universal Fixturing Concept," Journal of Manufacturing System, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 35-47, 1997
Guna, "Lead-free Solders in Microelectronics," Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 27, pp.95~141, 2000

., Hungary 4 Research Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, RITPMS-HAS, H-1525 Budapest, Pf. 49.
However during dynamic impact loading of rigid materials, this condition is generally not fulfilled and determination of the Fmax force is not possible.
The physical background of the elector-emission measurement, that in certain materials in the moment of the break microstructural changes occur, that modify the properties of the surrounding electric space.
E.g. metallic materials always release electro-emission (EE) sign during breaking, while electro-emission activity of polymers and ceramics during failure are restricted for limited types of these materials.
Major: The effect of the testing conditions on the fracture mechanics characteristics of short glass fibre reinforced polyamide, (Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 133., 2003) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 Loading rate, m/s Static and dynamic fracture toughness, MPa m1/2 Static equation DKC method Averages

Effect of different operating temperatures on mechanical properties of several rolled aluminum alloys Weibo Zhu1, a *, Xianquan Jiang1, Quan Li1, Siya Wang1 1 Advanced Materials Research Center, Chongqing Academy of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401123, China a xwswxxzwb@163.com *Corresponding author.
For the plastic material, it characterized the resistance of the largest uniform plastic deformation of materials.
For there is no (or very small) uniform plastic deformation of the brittle material, it reflects the fracture resistance of the materials.
International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2004, 30: 725 – 775
Materials Science And Technology, 1991, 7(11):1010-1014

There are many reports on its application in the field of refractory materials.
MgAlON can be used as a reinforced phase for refractory materials.
Table 1 Chemical compositions of starting material Raw material Chemical composition MgO Al2O3 Al SiO2 CaO Fe2O3 K2O Na2O fused magnesia 97.5 - - 0.63 0.76 - - - α-Al2O3 - 99.4 - 0.19 - 0.02 0.04 0.08 tabular alumina - 99.5 - 0.05 - - 0.02 0.06 aluminum - - 99.3 - - - - - sintered magnesia 97.8 0.5 1.34 Experimental The main raw materials used in this experiment were fused magnesia, tabular alumina and aluminum powder, its chemical compositions are shown in Table 1.
Journal of Materials Science Letters. 1(1982) 147-149
Carbother Synthesis of Aluminium Oxynitride (AlON) Powder: Influence of Starting Materials and Synthesis Parameters.

Application and development of domestic and foreign virtual manufacturing technology Zhang Wen Yu (Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, china, E-mail:ZWY68218@163.com.)
[3] Huangwei, Tao Yiyi, discusses our country to develop the hypothesized technique of manufacture strategy, the Suzhou Occupational university journal, 2005, V01.16 No.3,61~63
[4] Sunyu,our country hypothesized technique of manufacture development strategy brief analysis, Changchun Normal school journal, 2005, V01.24, No.1,87~89
[8]Xijunjie, Hypothesized technique of manufacture application and development research, Zhengzhou Aviation industry Management Institute journal, 2001, Vol.19, No.3,71~74
[9]Shifeng, Hypothesized technique of manufacture applied analysis, Zhejiang industry and commerce professional technology institute journal, 2005, Vo1.4 No.4,43~45

Materials and methods Coal sample selection and analyses.
References [1] Zeng Fangui, Xie Kechang: Journal of China Coal Society, Vol. 29 (2004) p. 443-447,in Chinese
Journal of China Coal Society, Vol.1 (2005) p.85-89 ,in Chinese
Journal of North University of China (Natural Science Edition), Vol. 1 (2008) p. 53-56,in Chinese
Journal of China Coal Society, Vol. 3 (2011) p. 481-486,in Chinese.

As a good functional material, with its remarkable activity, chemical stability, and also its nontoxic properties, TiO2 has a promising prospect in environmental purification and preparation of solar energy cells.
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 98 (1996) 73-78
Journal of Membrane Science 313 (2008) 44–51
Kasiri : Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 328 (2010) 8–26

Numerical Simulation of Deformation Pattern to Pile Raft Foundation Yadong CHEN 1, 2, a , Xudong WANG 2, Yuexin SHE 1, Jiangdong CAI1 1 Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223001 China 2 College of Transportation Science & Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 210009， China achenyundong2004@163.com Keywords: Pile foundation; Numerical simulation; Displacement; Deformation pattern.
(a) 3b pile spacing (b) 6b pile spacing Fig.1 Plans of pile raft foundation Establishment of FEM Model The material for the pile was assumed to be elastic.
Dappolonia: Journal of soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, ASCE, Vol. 4(1971), p: 661-678
Journal of Huaiyin Institute of Technology，Vol. 3（2006），p：66-68, in Chinese
[6] CHEN Yadong ZAI Jinmin, SHE Yuexin, et al: Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. s1（2009）, p: 3001-3007, in Chinese.