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Piezoelectric materials are also variously used in tactile sensor.
For example, De Rossi et al. [4], Kolesar et al. [5], and Dargahi et al. [6] used Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as sensing material for tactile sensor.
Dyson: "Object imaging with a Piezoelectric Robotic Tactile Sensor," Journal of MEMS, Vol. 4, No. 2 (1995), p.87
Payandeh: Journal of MEMS, Vol.9, No.3 (2000) p. 329
Acknowledgment The author would like to thank the financial support by the National Science Council under Grant No.

So they are widely used to machine difficult-to-cut materials such as engineering ceramics, optical glass and hard alloy.
With the proper heating time and energy density selected, the metal bonded of the wheel is softened, thus facilitating the removal of the bonding material.
This is conceptually similar to that of laser-assisted machining of advanced ceramics [2], where the removal mode of hard, brittle materials can be changed from brittle fracture to ductile flow removal, thereby improving the surface quality and reducing the wear of cutting tools.
References [1] Yan Wang, Xiao-jun Zhou, De-jin Hu: International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture Vol.46 (2006), p.333 [2] C.
Shin: International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture Vol. 42 (2002), p. 825 [3] Randeraat J Van，Setterington R E．Piezoelectric ceramics.

The specimen size of the first group is 400 × 400 × 400mm3, and the second group is 500 × 400 × 300mm3.The sandwich materials are gypsum and cement.
The joint material for gypsum, cement layer, the thickness of 3mm.
Acknowledgements This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51134025) and New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-12-0965).
Journal of Xi’an Mining Institute. 1999, 19 (s1):156-159 [2] C.H.
Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 1994, 11 (4): 45-51

Kurz Bark Rattanaphol Mongkholrattanasit1, a, Monthon Nakpathom2,b and Nattaya Punrattanasin3,c 1 Department of Textile Chemistry Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon, Thailand 2 National Metal and Materials Technology Center, Thailand 3 Textile Science and Technology Department, Thammasat University, Thailand arattanaphol.m@rmutp.ac.th, bmonthonn@mtec.or.th, cnat_236@yahoo.com Keywords: Cold-pad-batch, Dyeing, Silk, Laccifer lacca Kerr., Garcinia dulcis (Roxb.)
Experimental Materials Silk fabric with plain weave (thickness 0.16 mm, weight 77 g/m2, 77 ends/inch, 99 pick/inch) was used.
The pre-mordanted fabric was then immersed in the dye solution (prepared by boiling 200 g of material in 500 ml of distilled water for 1 h then filtered) at room temperature and padded on a padding mangle at 80% WPU.
Kaya, Dyeing of white and indigo dyed cotton fabrics with Mimosa tenuiflora extract, Journal of Saudi Chemical Society: Article in Press (2011)
Shah, Metal ion effect on dyeing of wool fabric with catechu, Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists. 116 (2000) 10-12.

Currently, some domestic R&D institutions have started study in heat-insulated materials and some nanometer heat insulation material samples have been made [4, 5, 6, 7].
From sample analytical data perspective, these materials have certain of heat insulation function, but they still can’t come into practice due to improvement on their practical heat insulation effect and surface quality.
Acknowledgements This work is supported by the Natural Science Research Project of Nantong University of China. (09Z015), its corresponding author is Yidan Zhou.
[2] Shaojun Cai: Shanghai Coating Materials, No. 7 (2006), pp.21-24
[10] Hui Zhang, Jianchun Zhang: Textile Academic Journal, Vol.28, No.3 (2007), pp.60-64

Breiter and et al: Diamond and Related Materials Vol.9 (2000), pp.333–336 [8] D.S.
Tang and et al: Materials Letters, Vol.59(13) ( 2005), pp.1673-1677 [10] I.
Nakamori and et al: Diamond & Related Materials, Vol.14 (2005), pp.2122-2126
May and et al: Diamond and Related Materials, Vol.19 (2010), pp.389-396 [12] M.J.
Takashi: Diamond and Related Materials, Vol.11 (2002), pp.584–588 [15] M.D.

Due to its low rigidity and the release of residual stress after more than 90% of the materials are removed, the large-scaled parts easily deform during the cutting process.
Karabin: Materials Science Forum Vols.404-407 (2002), p. 6168
Tong: Materials Science and Engineering A Vol.499 (2009) No.1-2, p.230-233
Tang: Key Engineering Materials Vols.375-376 (2008), p.445-448
Liu: Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition)  Vol.37 (2008) No.1, p.84-88.

Venkateswarlu, Scientist, Material Science Division, National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL), Bangalore, for utilizing the facilities.
Reddappa, K.R.Suresh, H.B.Niranjan and K.G.Satyanarayana, Effect of Quenching Media and Ageing Time on Al6061-Beryl Composites, Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 110-116 (2012) 1374-1379
Mohan, Influence of stirring speed and stirring time on distribution of particles in cast metal matrix composite, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 171 (2006) 268–273
[12] ASTM International designation ASTM E10-10 Standard Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
Dyuti, Al-4.5 Cu-3.8 Fe In-Situ Composites: Effect of Rolling on Microstructure and Wear Properties, Advanced Materials Research Vols. 264-265 (2011) pp 1939-1943.

In the past two decades, external field techniques have been used to the preparing and the working processes of metal materials [3-5], and appeared to have great potential applications in the future.
Therefore, external field technique have been developed as a very important method for the development of new materials and the improvement of traditional materials.
The microstructure of polycrystalline materials can be changed by external field, which affects the material properties evidently.
References [1] D.Raabe: Computational Materials Science.
Vol.45(1997), p. 611 [10] Yang Mei, Gao Ming: Journal of Shenyang Normal University (Natural Science Edition) Vol. 25(2007), p. 167

Drop Weight Impact Analysis of Laminated Polyurethane Foam/Cloisite 30B Clay Firuz Zainuddin1, a, Hazizan Md Akil2,b, Sahrim Ahmad3,c, Rozaidi Rasid3,d and Syed Nuzul Fadzli Syed Adam1,e 1School of Materials Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia. 2School of Materials Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. 3School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Additionally, skins or face materials that is commonly used are aluminium or fibre-reinforced composites [3].
Piezoelectric materials were used to detect the compressive force as soon as the impactor hit the sample surface.
Materials Science and Engineering A 498: 100-109
Journal of Composites : Part B 33: 193-204